陳葉根：西湖園林化妝師

西湖的美在于自然景觀與人文景觀的天然融合，它三面環(huán)山，一湖碧水，構(gòu)成了卓然風(fēng)姿。而西湖沿岸歷經(jīng)千年的寺廟、園林等人文景觀，又使得西湖增添了濃重的歷史文化底蘊(yùn)，兩者相得益彰，互為因果。然而湖山千年不老，但隨著歲月流逝，人文景觀會失去往日的面貌，這就需要專門的人才對西湖四周的人文景觀進(jìn)行保護(hù)和修復(fù)。

陳葉根自上世紀(jì)70年代進(jìn)入杭州市園文局后，始終與環(huán)湖的園林打交道。他終年在施工現(xiàn)場，親眼看到西湖的園林經(jīng)他與隊友們的共同努力，依舊保存著本來的歷史面貌和風(fēng)韻，他心中的那份喜悅是其他人所無法體驗的。

他對西湖有太多的感知，西湖園林他大都傾注過心血，他稱得上是西湖園林俏妝打扮的化妝師，這位掌管全局、獨(dú)擋一面、不斷創(chuàng)新的總經(jīng)理諳熟園林這門建筑藝術(shù)，對于中國園林建筑藝術(shù)講究點(diǎn)面結(jié)合、虛實(shí)結(jié)合、曲徑通幽、柳暗花明等，他都了然于胸。他在管理西湖園林事業(yè)上，付出巨大心血，也作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。

打響岳廟“第一炮”

10年浩劫，讓全國重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位岳廟被破壞得千瘡百孔：岳飛墓被毀，四個奸臣跪像不知去向，大量的碑文、詩詞散落，大殿一角坍塌，一時間岳廟荒涼，破敗，雜草叢生。“文革”結(jié)束，恢復(fù)和重建岳廟是全國人民所企盼的，他們對負(fù)責(zé)施工者更是寄予厚望。陳葉根清醒認(rèn)識到，重建岳廟難度在于要恢復(fù)歷史原貌，不能以假亂真。就說恢復(fù)岳飛墓，且不論要準(zhǔn)確丈量出當(dāng)時岳飛墓的大小有多難，就是尋找岳飛墓的位置也談何容易?面對雜草叢生的岳廟，岳飛墓的準(zhǔn)確位置在哪里呢?陳葉根憑著多年施工的經(jīng)驗，他從尋找墓道墻著手，幾經(jīng)努力，終于在一處亂草叢中找到了準(zhǔn)確位置，為重建岳飛墓奠定了基礎(chǔ)；為了復(fù)制四個奸臣跪像，他又遠(yuǎn)涉河南湯陰，在查找到第一手資料后又急返杭州趕到制氧機(jī)廠復(fù)制；為尋找原先失落的石人石馬、石翁仲及大量的碑文詩詞，他親率30多人的一支隊伍在岳廟的角角落落找、在西湖風(fēng)景區(qū)一線找，在杭州四圍的東南西北找，那“岳王廟”三個大字的匾額，那是他從岳王廟的天花板上取下來的。

經(jīng)過半年奮戰(zhàn)，一座壯重巍峨、流金溢彩的岳王廟終于又重新出現(xiàn)在西湖北面，這是陳葉根和他的隊友們的精心之作，是他們向杭州人民交出的一份滿意答卷。

虎跑整修最得意

負(fù)責(zé)建造岳王廟一炮走紅后，陳葉根又于1978年率隊對靈隱寺進(jìn)行大修；1980年又擔(dān)當(dāng)了玉皇山頂新建園林古建筑及環(huán)境工程；1984年杭州西湖環(huán)湖綠地建設(shè)也由他總承包；直至后來的望湖樓景區(qū)、北山路鏡湖景區(qū)、六公園圣塘路景等等，全由他精心承辦，特別是1983年的虎跑公園整修工程，最是他的得意之作：杭州市政府作出整修南山路虎跑 公園重點(diǎn)建設(shè)一批弘一法師景觀決定后，這一任務(wù)又落在了陳葉根身上。300多萬元投資，4個月的時間完成，時間不可謂不緊，但最難的還是缺乏第一手資料，于是他四處奔走，并親自去福建搜集弘一法師的資料。他在細(xì)心研究和考證基礎(chǔ)上，終于修建成了“弘一法師紀(jì)念堂”、“脆樾堂”、“滴翠軒”、“五百羅漢堂”、“夢虎雕塑”等一批人文景觀。該工程先后被江蘇省、浙江省、上海市評為“兩省一市”優(yōu)質(zhì)工程樣板，并授予優(yōu)質(zhì)工程樣板獎，這是至今杭州園林古建筑工程的最高獎項。此外頗具特色的中國茶葉博物館、南宋官窯博物館也是他的得意之作，其中南宋官窯博物館仿古建筑，被評為當(dāng)年杭州市十大優(yōu)秀建筑之一。

陳葉根在實(shí)踐中感到，要想在景觀設(shè)計上有所作為，在不斷加劇的競爭中站穩(wěn)腳跟，就必須拓寬視野、敢于吸收、融化國外園林景觀設(shè)計的先進(jìn)理念。為此，他于1994年從杭州市園文局走出成立了中國對外建設(shè)總公司并任總經(jīng)理，之后又于2000年成立浙江中集園林古建筑工程有限公司。他想通過這兩個公司既把中國傳統(tǒng)園林景觀介紹到國外去，同時運(yùn)用中西結(jié)合的理念，在國內(nèi)建設(shè)一批具有時尚、前衛(wèi)的園林景觀。

把園林文化推向國外

上世紀(jì)90年代中期，由他率領(lǐng)的30多名員工去日本兵庫縣成功地建成了一座世界梅花公園，公園完全按中國古典園林格式建造，內(nèi)設(shè)梅資源館、唐梅閣等。這是日本首座中國式的園林建筑，受到日本各界人士的一致好評。這是中國園林文化首次傳入日本，意義重大。他的第二個設(shè)想也在國內(nèi)多個項目中獲得成功，最有代表性的是2001年負(fù)責(zé)施工的溫州世紀(jì)廣場工程。這座投資2億元的世紀(jì)廣場，由澳大利亞著名設(shè)計師設(shè)計，整個布局采用中、古、西結(jié)合，充滿現(xiàn)代感，大草坪、大廣場與大自然高度融合。這座在溫州乃至浙江具有里程碑意義的工程終于在他的負(fù)責(zé)施工下誕生了。此工程相繼獲得溫州市政金獎，浙江省市政金獎，還有可能獲得最高級別的中國市政金獎。

陳葉根認(rèn)為隨著時代的發(fā)展，特別是中國加入世貿(mào)組織后，國外的景觀設(shè)計師擔(dān)任起我國的一些大型工程設(shè)計，如劇院、風(fēng)景園林、廣場等，應(yīng)該說這是一種進(jìn)步，中國傳統(tǒng)的園林設(shè)計思路已在變化，這就是在繼承傳統(tǒng)園林基礎(chǔ)上的形式創(chuàng)新。如今，他感到有種新的緊迫感：如何吸收國外的長處拿來為我所用。他說，我們要努力爭取將中國傳統(tǒng)園林建筑推廣到國外去，讓更多的國家擁有中國的園林建筑，同時要廣泛吸收國外園林建筑業(yè)的長處，在國內(nèi)建筑更多的具有現(xiàn)代氣息的大型園林建筑。

A Man Who Adds Beauty to the West Lake

By Wang Anxiang

The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou lies in a seamless integration of its natural scenery and sites of historical and cultural interests. The limpid lake is encircled by hills on the three sides while gardens and temples add a cultural and historical touch to the lake whose national reputation dates back to the Tang (618-907) and Song (960-1279) dynasties. For this reason， to maintain the lake also means to maintain the sites of historical and cultural interests.

Chen Yegen is one of those who take care of gardens and temples around the West Lake.

The Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) wreaked havoc on the West Lake. The first thing to rescue the West Lake after the chaotic decade was to restore the totally devastated Memorial Temple of General Yue Fei. Tablets were missing. Statues had been smashed. The kneeling bronze statues of the four traitors who framed the general had been stolen. The main hall had one corner collapsed. In charge of the restoration project， Chen knew the essence of the restoration was to restore the temple's old appearance and it was by no means to build something completely new or fancy.

He searched the ground inch by inch to find the exact location of the general's tomb. He visited the general's hometown in central China's Henan Province to find the exact copies of the four traitors?kneeling images and had them duplicated in a large manufacturer in Hangzhou. He led a team of 30-strong people to search everywhere around the lake and in town for the lost pieces from the temple. After half a year's efforts， the temple was restored to its old-day splendor and magnificence.

Chen's capabilities were highly valued. He was put into charge of important projects. In 1978， he was appointed to restore the Lingyin Temple， the largest Buddhist monastery in Hangzhou. In 1980， he was in charge of a restoration and gardening project for the Hill of Jade Emperor. In 1983， he built a group of sightseeing facilities at the Tiger Running Spring in memory of Master Monk Hong Yi. The project won the highest honor that no other West Lake projects have ever won so far.In 1984， he was the general contractor of the greening belt around the lake. He rebuilt a few landmark pavilions such as the Lakeview Pavilion and the Mirror Lake Pavilion. The China Tea Museum and the Southern Song Imperial Kiln Museum are also Chen's building masterpieces.

Chen is not a man yearning for traditions and the past beauty. He has absorbed foreign architectural elements into his projects. He has set up two construction companies for projects outside Hangzhou. The most conspicuous project is the world's first Plum Blossom Park Chen and his workers built in Hyogo， Japan in the mid 1990s. The park represents the first introduction of China's gardening art to Japan in the modern time. The Century Square in Wenzhou built with an investment of 200 million and designed by an Australian architect is Chen's another landmark urban project. The project has won gold medals respectively from Wenzhou and Zhejiang Governments as an excellent city facility project.

(Translated by David)