過去分詞，你掌握了嗎

接觸高考，感受高考。讓我們來先做幾個高考題，再熱身練一練吧！

【例1】______ in a white uniform， he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （2005湖南卷）

A. DressedB. To dress C. DressingD. Having dressed

【解析】A。主語he和dress之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞。故正確答案為A。

【提示】注意一下dress的用法：dress + sb. / oneself 給某人（或自己）穿衣服；dress后不能直接接衣服類的詞作賓語；dress還可以這么用：be/ get dressed in + 衣服或表示顏色的詞；dress + 副詞（或目的、場合的介詞短語）。如果表示穿鞋襪等，可根據(jù)情況用wear， have on或put on。

【例2】The prize of the game show is ＄30，000 and an all expenses __________ vacation to China. （2005北京卷）

A. payingB. paid C. to be paidD. being paid

【解析】B。expense與pay是被動關(guān)系的，用過去分詞，故正確答案為B。

【例3】The repairs cost a lot，but it’s money well . （2005湖北卷）

A． to spendB． spent C. being spentD． spending

【解析】B。money 與 spend的關(guān)系為被動關(guān)系，spend的邏輯主語應該是人，應該用過去分詞。故正確答案為B。

【例4】________ in the mountains for a week， the two students were finally saved by the local police.（2005江蘇卷）

A. Having lostB. Lost C. Being lostD. Losing

【解析】B。表示某人迷路應該是：sb. be/ get lost，所以此處應該用lose的過去分詞表示被動關(guān)系。故正確答案為B。

【提示】“我的錢包不見了”可以說：My wallet is missing./ My wallet is gone. / My wallet is lost.

【例5】______ into use in April 2000， the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. （2005上海卷）

A. PutB. PuttingC. Having putD. Being put

【解析】A。the hotline是被 put into use的，應該用過去分詞，故正確答案為A。

【例6】When first ______ to the market， these products enjoyed great success.（2004全國卷Ⅱ）

A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced

【解析】B。本題考查分詞作狀語的用法。these products與 introduce之間是被動關(guān)系，應該用過去分詞。故正確答案為B。

【例7】Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______. （2004重慶卷）

A. worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. worry

【解析】A。get sb. worried 使得某人擔心，正確答案為A。

熱身練一練

A. 選擇填空。

1. Sugar， when _____ with water， dissolves quickly. (2005上海春招)

A. mixedB. mixingC. mixD. is mixed

2. It shames me to say it， but I told a lie when _____ at the meeting by my boss. (2004全國卷)

A. questioningB. to be questioned

C. questionedD. having questioned

3. The news reporters hurried to the airport， only ______ the film stars had left.(2004福建卷)

A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told

4. You were silly not ______ your car. (2004 湖南卷)

A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having locked

5. Helen had to shout _______ above the sound of the music. (2004廣西卷)

A. making herself hearB. to make herself hear

C. making herself heardD. to make herself heard

答案

1-5 ACBBD

解析

1． mix 與 sugar在這里是被動關(guān)系，應該用過去分詞。選擇A。

2．“我被提問”，這里是過去分詞表被動，應該選擇C。

3． only + 不定式表示未預料到的結(jié)果，此時tell 和reporter是被動關(guān)系，要選擇B。

4． 不定式的完成形式表示不定式的動作在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生。因為沒有鎖車才傻。選擇B。

5． 此題第一是考查不定式表目的，第二是考查make + sb. +過去分詞的用法，是她使她自己的聲音被別人聽見，因此要用過去分詞heard。選擇D。

B. 請找出下面句子的錯誤并改正。

6. They should be kept here be informed of this matter.

___________________________________________________________________

7. The murderer was brought in， with his hands having tied behind his back.

___________________________________________________________________

8. He told me the news that was very excited.

___________________________________________________________________

9. I’m going to have my car be fixed.

___________________________________________________________________

10. On a frozen morning the little girl was found frozen at the corner of the street.

___________________________________________________________________

答案

6. They should be kept here informed of this matter.

7. The murderer was brought in， with his hands tied behind his back.

8. He told me the news that was very exciting.

9. I’m going to have my car fixed.

10. On a freezing morning the little girl was found frozen at the corner of the street.

解析

6. inform和 they之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞。

7. 現(xiàn)在分詞完成時表主動，過去分詞表被動。這里是“被捆的”。

8. 注意動詞兩種形式含義的區(qū)別。exciting令人激動的，一般是物作邏輯主語；excited 使人激動的，一般是人作邏輯主語。

9.“have my car fixed”叫別人給我修車。

10. 第一個freeze用現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“很冷的”。第二個freeze用過去分詞，是“find sth. done”的被動形式中的done。

編輯/孫櫟櫟