摘 要:隨著企業間合作的日益增多,如何提高合作企業間關系質量對于合作績效的提升至關重要。本文根據社會心理學中近關系理論對關系質量內涵的界定,通過設計量表,收集國內企業的相關數據,對我國合作企業間關系質量的度量問題進行實證研究。結果表明,我國合作企業間的關系質量可以從關系強度、關系公平性和關系持久性等三個維度進行度量。在此基礎上,進一步檢驗了關系質量各維度對合作績效的影響。
關鍵詞:近關系理論;關系質量;關系強度;關系公平性;關系持久性
中圖分類號:F270 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1003-5192(2007)02-0008-06
The Measurement and Performance Analysis of Interfirm Relationship
Quality: Based on Close Relationship Theory
WU Zhiwei1, CHEN Ying2
(1. Department of Economics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; 2. School of Management and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)
Abstract:With the increase of interfirm cooperation, it is becoming more important for enhancing cooperative performance that improves interfirm relationship quality. Based on the description of close relationship theory, we sent questionnaire surveys to some domestic firms to learn their opinions concerning interfirm relationship. Using the data, we have analyzed how to measure the relationship quality. The result shows that the relationship quality of Chinese firms can be measured through the relationship strength, the relationship symmetry and the relationship duration. Moreover we tests the relationship between the relationship quality and the cooperative performance.
Key words:close relationship theory; relationship quality; relationship strength; relationship symmetry; relationship duration
1 引言
早期學術界對關系質量的研究較多出現在市場營銷領域,集中探討企業與其客戶之間的關系質量問題[1~4]。隨著企業間合作的日益增加,合作企業間的關系質量也開始受到人們更多的關注。在這一背景下,Young等人基于近關系理論,對戰略聯盟中的關系質量問題進行了研究,將聯盟伙伴之間的關系質量劃分為關系強度、關系持久性、關系頻率、關系多樣性、關系靈活性和關系公平性等六個維度[5]。Holmlund也將對關系質量的研究從營銷領域擴展到B2B領域,提出了感知關系質量的概念,指出感知關系質量是商業關系中合作雙方的重要人士根據一定的標準對商業往來(效果)的綜合評價和認知,并將企業間合作的感知關系質量劃分為技術維度、社會維度與經濟維度等三個維度[6]。Lages, Lages and Lages重點對英國外貿企業間的關系質量進行了實證研究,從信息分享、溝通質量、長期的關系定位和關系滿意度等四個維度對英國進出口企業之間合作的關系質量進行了度量[7]。……