摘 要:本文對國內外有關外匯儲備影響因素與適度規模、外匯儲備幣種優化、外匯儲備資產投資組合、外匯儲備與匯率的關系、外匯儲備的風險預警及管理的研究進展進行了系統的分析與評述,總結了相關研究的特點及存在的問題,提出了針對我國外匯儲備管理研究的若干啟示,以期為我國的外匯儲備多元化戰略、外匯儲備資產優化配置、外匯儲備風險管理的理論和政策研究提供參考。
關鍵詞:外匯儲備;匯率;投資組合;風險管理
中圖分類號:F80 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:100-5192(2008)01-0001-10
Summarize on Diversification and Assets Optimal Allocation of
Foreign Exchange Reserves
LIU Yun1, YANG Guo-xiao2, YANG Yu
(1. School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of echnology, Beijing 100081, China; 2. School of Science, Beijing Institute of echnology, Beijing 100081, China; . School of Management Science and Engineering, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China)
Abstract:his paper has made system analysis and comment on research progress of the influence factors to foreign exchange reserves and its moderate scale, kinds of currency optimized, the foreign exchange reserves portfolio, the relationship of foreign exchange reserves and exchange rates, the foreign exchange reserves risk pre-warning and its management, summarized the characteristics of the related research and its question, put forwards several apocalypses in view of our country foreign exchange reserves management research, hopes to provided the reference for the theory and policy research on the foreign exchange reserves diversification strategy, assets optimal allocation, and venture management of our country.
ey words:foreign exchange reserves; exchange rates; portfolio; venture management
1 引言
隨著經濟全球化的不斷深化,作為全球化重要標志之一的國際資本流動發展迅猛,對世界經濟產生著深刻的影響。據中國人民銀行發布的最新數據,至2007年6月,我國的外匯儲備余額達到1126億美元,較2006年底中國外匯儲備余額突破萬億美元大關又增長了0%。我國已成為全球外匯儲備最多的國家,也成了全球最大的投資者之一。我國外匯儲備持續高增長和儲備余額的擴大總體上反映了我國綜合國力的提高、投資環境的改善以及人民幣匯率預期的變化。對外貿易的高速增長、持續大規模的FDI流入以及國際收支的持續雙順差是外匯儲備增加的重要基礎,人民幣匯率升值預期以及外幣缺乏有效的投資渠道是外匯儲備增加的市場性因素,半外匯管制與人民幣匯率形成新機制是外匯儲備增加的制度性原因。
在經濟全球化背景下,外匯儲備一般具有四大功能和作用:抵補貿易赤字,保持必要的、正常進口能力;……