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怎樣寫英文故事

2009-01-01 00:00:00郝昌明

英文故事屬中學(xué)英語書面表達(dá)重要教學(xué)內(nèi)容,也是高考英語書面表達(dá)重要考點(diǎn),寫作時應(yīng)注意下列幾點(diǎn):

請看一則書面表達(dá)實例:

閱讀下表內(nèi)容,寫一則英文故事

字?jǐn)?shù):120左右。

參考答案:

On May 12, 2008, a terrible earthquake hit Wenchun County, Sichuan Province. In a flash, buildings fell down and cities were almost leveled. Tens of thousands of people were killed and the rest lost their homes.

A Junior 1 girl from a nearby middle school was buried under a school building. She was cold and hungry, but she wasn’t afraid, because she believed she would be saved. She even took out her flashlight and used it to read a few books. She was indeed a brave girl! By and by, she forgot coldness and hunger.

Finally, the little girl was successfully saved. It was bravery that gave her the chance to be saved.

In time of great danger, what we need most is bravery and confidence.

一、以時間為線索,交待故事發(fā)生過程

英文故事屬記敘文,因此考生應(yīng)以時間為線索交待故事的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局。首先應(yīng)交待故事發(fā)生的背景,使故事的發(fā)生顯得自然順暢而不致讓人感到突然意外。接著應(yīng)交待故事發(fā)生的過程,可以主人公遭遇困難、主人公克服困難、主人公解決問題為寫作程序。最后應(yīng)交待故事結(jié)局及寫作該故事的現(xiàn)實意義。

本文從故事發(fā)生背景、故事發(fā)生過程、故事結(jié)局三個角度交待文意,文章層次清晰,脈絡(luò)分明,有較強(qiáng)的整體感。

二、熟悉特色語言,提高文章可讀性

英文故事的語言有很強(qiáng)的特色,具有明顯的規(guī)律性。表達(dá)故事的發(fā)生常用happen to sb. (發(fā)生在某人身上), hit / strike (襲擊), break out (火災(zāi)發(fā)生), meet with (遭遇), fall down (倒塌), be leveled / flattened (被夷為平地), be buried under (被埋在……下面), in time of great danger (在十分危險的時候);表達(dá)參加某一活動可用pay a visit to (參觀), on one’s way to (在某人去某地的途中), take part in (參加);表示戰(zhàn)勝困難可用overcome difficulty (克服困難), put out the fire (滅火), dig the ruins (挖掘廢墟), control the flood (控制洪水);表示給某人以教訓(xùn)用teach sb. a lesson / give sb. a lesson;表示安全獲救可用be successfully saved / rescued。

本文使用hit, fall down, be leveled, be buried under, be successfully saved, in time of great danger等特色語言,符合英文故事的語言特色。

三、用好過渡性詞匯,提高文章的連貫性

英文故事屬記敘文,因此應(yīng)著重用好表示時間變換及順序變化的過渡性詞匯。表示時間變換的過渡性詞匯常見的有one day /

morning / afternoon / evening / night (一天 /一天早晨 / 下午 / 晚上 / 夜里), in the morning (在上午), in the afternoon (在下午), in the evening (在晚上), at night (在夜里);表示順序變換的過渡性詞匯有:first, second, then, suddenly, in a flash, all of a sudden, by and by, at last / finally / in the end。

本文貼切使用In a flash, By and by, Finally等表示順序變換的過渡性詞匯,增強(qiáng)了文章的連貫性和邏輯性。

四、正確把握時態(tài),提高語言準(zhǔn)確性

英文故事往往介紹過去發(fā)生的事,因此應(yīng)用一般過去時表達(dá)文意。同學(xué)們應(yīng)增強(qiáng)用一般過去時表達(dá)英文故事的意識,養(yǎng)成用一般過去時表達(dá)英文故事的習(xí)慣,千萬不能隨心所欲地使用時態(tài),一會兒用一般現(xiàn)在時,一會兒用一般過去時,以免造成不應(yīng)有的失分。當(dāng)然,英文故事結(jié)束后介紹從中可以吸取的教訓(xùn)常用一般現(xiàn)在時表達(dá)文意,這是一種特殊情況。

本文除最后一節(jié)(介紹從故事中可以吸取的教訓(xùn))均用一過去在時表達(dá)文意,充分體現(xiàn)了英文故事的時態(tài)特點(diǎn)。

五、選擇使用情感性詞匯,提升文章的感染力

英文故事用講故事的形式歌頌人間真善美,抨擊人間假惡丑,情感應(yīng)特別濃烈,因此考生應(yīng)盡可能使用一些情感性詞匯。even, still, only, too, so, yet, already, hardly, simply, almost, indeed, certainly, of course, to one’s joy / surprise / horror / disappointment等情感性詞匯使用場合比較多、表達(dá)效果比較好,是十分走俏的情感性詞匯,同學(xué)們可以有選擇地加以使用。

本文貼切使用almost, even, indeed等情感性副詞,增強(qiáng)了故事的感染性。

鞏固性練習(xí):

閱讀下表內(nèi)容,寫一則英文故事。

字?jǐn)?shù):120左右。

In 1989, an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing 30,000 people in four minutes. A father left his wife safely at home and rushed to his son’s school only to find it flattened. He remembered his promise to his son: “No matter what happens, I’ll be there for you!”

He came to his son’s classroom and began to dig in the ruins. First some parents, then some school leaders and finally a policeman came to stop him and asked him to face the fact that his son had died. But he wouldn’t listen to them and kept digging. He dug for 12 hours…24 hours…36 hours…

In the 38th hour, he heard his son’s voice. His son told him that he had been waiting for him to save him and his classmates, because he remembered his promise.

So it was the father’s promise that saved the son.

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