院士風(fēng)采

院士風(fēng)采

段學(xué)復(fù)

1914.7 .29 ～2005.2.6

代數(shù)學(xué)家。陜西華縣人。1936年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)。1943年獲美國普林斯頓大學(xué)博士學(xué)位。北京大學(xué)教授。在有限群的模表示論特別是指標(biāo)快及其在有限單群和有限復(fù)線性群的構(gòu)造研究中的應(yīng)用方面取得重要成果。指導(dǎo)博士張繼平用表示論和有限單群分類定理徹底解決了著名的Brauer第39問題、第40問題。在代數(shù)李群研究方面與外國學(xué)者和作用李代數(shù)得方法完成了早期奠基性成果。在有限P群方面，與華羅庚合作研究并取得一系列成果。將有限論應(yīng)用于軍事科學(xué)研究，為國防建設(shè)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。

1955 年選聘為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Algebrist. Born in Huaxian, Shanxi Province. Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936.Received Ph.D. from Princeton University, USA in 1943. Professor, Peking University.

Duan has made important achievements in the theory of modular representations of finite groups, particularly in the theory of block of characters and its application in the study of structures of finite simple groups and finite complex linear groups. He guided Dr. Zhang Jigping to solve completely the famous R.Brauer’s Problems 39 and 40 by making use of the representation theory and the classification theorem of finite simple groups. In the study of algebraic Lie groups, he achieved early results of basic significance in collaboration with C.Chevalley using the theory of Lie algerbra .In the theory of ρ-groups, he collaborated with Hua Luogeng and obtained a number of results. He made contributions in the application of the finite group theory to contributions in the application of the finite group theory to a military research institute.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

趙忠堯

1902.6 .27 ～1998.5.28

核物理學(xué)家。浙江諸暨人。1925年畢業(yè)于南京東南大學(xué)。1930年獲美國加州理工學(xué)院哲學(xué)博士學(xué)位。1948年當(dāng)選為中央研究院第一批院士。歷任中國科學(xué)院近代物理研究所、原子能研究所、高能物理研究所研究員及副所長，兼中國科技大學(xué)教授及近代物理系主任。曾任中國物理學(xué)會(huì)副理事長、名譽(yù)理理事長，中國核學(xué)會(huì)副理事長、名譽(yù)理事長等職。主要從事核物理特別是硬γ射線與物質(zhì)相互作用等方面得研究并取得突出成就，是中國核物理研究的開拓者。1929年獨(dú)立地與歐洲學(xué)者同事最先觀察到γ射線通過重物質(zhì)時(shí)除康普頓散射和光電效應(yīng)外的“反常吸收”。1930年首先發(fā)現(xiàn)“特殊輻射”。40年代發(fā)現(xiàn)“混合簇社”。50年代以來，在建造加速器、建設(shè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室、開創(chuàng)中國核科學(xué)事業(yè)和培養(yǎng)人才方面做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。

1955 年選聘為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Nuclear physicist. Born in Zhuji, Zhejiang Province.Graduated from Nanjing Dongnan University in 1925. Received Ph.D. from California Institute of Technology, USA in 1930.Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Research professor and deputy director, Institute of Atomic Energy, Institute of Contemporary Physics and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, director,Faculty of Contemporary Physics of the University of Science and Technology of China, and vice president and honorary president,Chinese Society of Physics, Chinese Society of Nuclear Physics,etc…

Zhao has been mainly engaged and has made outstanding achievements in the research on nuclear physics especially the interactions between hardγ–ray and medium, and was respected as the pioneer of nuclear physics study in China. In 1929, he and other two European groups first independently observed the “Anomalous Absorption” in addition to Compton scattering and photo-electronic effects, when hard γ-ray passes through heavy elements. He was the first to discover the“Additional Radiation” phenomena in 1930. In the 1940s,he disclosed the “Mixed Shower”. Since the 1950s,he made important contributions in establishing accelerators and laboratories, founding Chinese nuclear scientific research and training qualified personnel.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

饒毓泰

1891.12 .1 ～1968.10.16

物理學(xué)家。江西臨川人。1913年赴美國留學(xué)，1922年獲美國普林斯頓大學(xué)哲學(xué)博士學(xué)位。1948年當(dāng)選為中央研究院院士。北京大學(xué)教授。中國現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)研究的先驅(qū)之一，也是國際上早期研究斯塔克效應(yīng)的光譜學(xué)家之一。早年設(shè)計(jì)了新型低壓電弧光源。30年代初在銣和銫原子光譜線得反斯塔克效應(yīng)試驗(yàn)中，觀測到他們的主線系的分裂和位移。40年代與合作者在分子光譜和原子結(jié)果研究方面獲得重要成果，記錄了難以分辨的C12和C13的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)光譜ω3，為研究同位素氣體分子的震動(dòng)—轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)光譜開辟了途徑。長期積極推動(dòng)中國物理學(xué)的研究與教學(xué)工作，創(chuàng)建了南開大學(xué)物理系，為國家培養(yǎng)了大批優(yōu)秀人才。

1955 年選聘為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Physicist. Born in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province. Went to USA in 1913 and received Ph.D. from Princeton University, USA in 1922. Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Professor ,Peking University,

Rap was one of the Pioneers of Chinese modern physics and also one of the spectroscpoists who first studied the Stark effect in the world. In his early years, he designed the new type of electric are light source. In the early 1930s,he observed the split and shift of the principle line series of Rb and Cs atoms in the experimental research on Anti-Stark effect. During the 1940s,together with his collaborators, he made important achievements in the research on molecular spectra and atomic structures and obtained the record of the rotational spectra of ωof C12and C13

3which are difficult to resolve, thus opening up a way for the study on the vibration-rotation spectra of isotopes gas molecule. He pushed forward the research and teaching of physics in China,established the Department of Physics in Nankai University and trained a lot of qualified personnel.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

施汝為

1901.11 .19 ～1983.1.18

物理學(xué)家。上海崇明人。1925年畢業(yè)于南京東吳大學(xué)。1934年獲美國耶魯大學(xué)物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國科學(xué)院物理研究所研究員、所長、名譽(yù)所長。中國近代磁學(xué)研究與磁學(xué)教育的奠基人之一，在磁學(xué)和磁性材料等試驗(yàn)研究方面取得多項(xiàng)重要成果。早期研制了一種新儀器并用其測定了鐵鈷合金單晶的磁各向異性。在金屬基本磁性研究、鋁鎳鈷永磁合金熱處理研究等方面作了大量工作，取得多項(xiàng)創(chuàng)見性成果。40年代前后對(duì)坡莫合計(jì)和磁鐵礦晶體的磁疇粉紋圖的研究，開創(chuàng)了中國的磁疇實(shí)驗(yàn)觀測工作。

1955 年選聘為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Physicist. Born in Shanghai . Graduated from Najin g Dongwu University in 1925.Receieved Sc.D. from Yale University, USA in 1934.Research professor, director and honorary director, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

As one of the founders modern research and education of magnetism in China, Shi made many important achievements in the experimental research on magnetism and magnetic materials. He developed a new instrument and applied it to determine the magnetic anisotropism of iron-cobalt alloy single crystal in his early years. He did a vast amount of work in the research on metallic basic magnetism and heat treatment of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnetic alloy and obtained many creative achievements. Around the 1940s,he did research on magnetic domain powder pattern of permalloy and magnetite crystal and opened the experimental observation of magnetic domain in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.