摘 要:本文研究了強勢零售商的存在對再制造閉環供應鏈回收模式的影響。建立了三種再制造閉環供應鏈博弈模型。對這三種閉環供應鏈模型進行了比較分析。研究發現:當零售商之間差異化程度較高時,強勢和弱勢零售商偏好于零售商負責回收模式,而制造商偏好于制造商負責回收模式;而當零售商之間差異化程度較低時,強勢和弱勢零售商偏好于制造商(或第3方)負責回收模式,而制造商偏好于零售商負責回收模式。
關鍵詞:閉環供應鏈;再制造;強勢零售商;差異化
中圖分類號:F274 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1003-5192(2011)05-0036-06
Remanufacturing Closed-loop Supply Chain Models with a Dominant Retailer
NIE Jia-jia
(School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China)
Abstract:The effect of dominant retailer in remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain on collecting modes is studied. Three game models of remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain are developed and compared with each other. The results show that the dominant and weak retailers prefer mostly retailer collecting mode, but the manufacturer prefer collecting products by manufacturer when the diversity between the dominant retailer and the weak retailer is large enough. Otherwise, when diversity is small enough, the dominant and weak retailers prefer manufacturer(or third party)collecting mode, but the manufacturer prefer collecting products by the retailers.
Key words:close-loop supply chain; remanufacturing; dominant retailer; diversity
1 引言
回收再制造是實現循環經濟的重要途徑,也是實現廢舊產品循環利用的關鍵措施。對廢舊產品進行再制造,能夠有效降低資源能源消耗、減少廢棄物排放。同時,回收再制造符合黨中央國務院“推進循環經濟發展,加快建設資源節約型、環境友好型社會”的指示精神。國家和企業在回收再制造方面的努力提升了物料循環利用的理念,產生了與傳統物流方向相反的逆向物流[1~4],含有逆向物流的供應鏈被稱之為逆向供應鏈[5,6],同時含有正向和逆向物流的供應鏈稱之為閉環供應鏈[7~9]。
由于回收再制造對社會和企業的重要性,近幾年國內外一些學者對這一戰略性問題進行了研究。Savaskan等[10]分析了閉環供應鏈的最優回收渠道結構問題。Savaskan和Wassenhove[11]在此基礎上考察了當零售商之間存在競爭時制造商回收舊產品的回收模式選擇。Subramanian等[12]研究了生產者延伸責任制度對閉環供應鏈回收的影響。……