摘 要:太陽能供電是一種解決草原無電戶用電難的有力措施,但是實(shí)踐中缺乏有效的管理。本文針對太陽能供電可持續(xù)所面臨的設(shè)備管理、廢棄物回收以及資金管理等難題,提出并探討可持續(xù)的太陽能供電服務(wù)管理模式。首先探討太陽能發(fā)電設(shè)備的運(yùn)行維護(hù)和檢修管理策略;然后構(gòu)建逆向物流下的廢舊部件的回收、處置模式和策略;最后討論資金流的運(yùn)作管理。
關(guān)鍵詞:太陽能供電;可持續(xù);服務(wù)管理;逆向物流
中圖分類號:F127 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A 文章編號:1003-5192(2011)06-0059-04
The Service Management Policy of Solar Power for the Prairie
Households without Electricity
ZHONG Yu1,2, LIU Ming-wu3, MA Yong-kai1
(1.School of Management and Economics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; 2.Aba, Sichuan Electric Power Company Inc, Aba State, 614400, China; 3.School of Management, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)
Abstract:As a powerful measure for resolving the problem of the prairie household without electricity, the solar power is lacking of effective management in practice. On account of the puzzles of equipment management, waste materials recycling and fund flow management for the continuable solar power, this paper exposes and explores the service management pattern for the continuable solar power. First, the equipment ’s operation, maintenance and overhaul management strategies are researched. Next, the reverse logistics system of the recycling and dealing with the waste components is constructed. And finally, the operation of the fund is discussed.
Key words:solar power; continuable; service management; reverse logistics
1 引言
草原牧區(qū)群眾用電難一直是黨中央、國務(wù)院和各省委、省政府高度重視的少數(shù)民族發(fā)展問題。為加快牧區(qū)社會經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)并為脫貧致富提供有力條件,解決草原牧區(qū)無電戶(指目前仍然沒有用上電的農(nóng)牧民家庭)用電問題勢在必行,是各省電力公司積極履行社會責(zé)任、推進(jìn)新能源發(fā)電、建設(shè)社會主義新農(nóng)村的一項(xiàng)有力舉措。我國太陽能資源豐富,發(fā)展前景廣闊[1],太陽能光伏發(fā)電已廣泛用于解決中西部地區(qū)用電難問題[2~4]。但是由于缺乏有效的后期服務(wù)管理,加之農(nóng)牧民群眾支付能力低、技術(shù)維護(hù)的非專業(yè)性和政府政策的不連續(xù)性,導(dǎo)致太陽能供電項(xiàng)目未達(dá)預(yù)期效果。因此,太陽能供電工程的實(shí)施急需理論支持和實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)。
對于草原無電農(nóng)牧民用電問題的研究,國內(nèi)學(xué)者主要關(guān)注于新能源發(fā)電的論證、實(shí)施和涉及的環(huán)境保護(hù)問題,如李丹等人提出“能源合同模式”來解決離網(wǎng)型農(nóng)牧民用電問題[5]。……