產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng)絡、結構調(diào)整與演進路徑

摘 要：在經(jīng)濟全球化過程中產(chǎn)業(yè)結構呈現(xiàn)出明顯的網(wǎng)絡化趨勢。本文集中探討了在產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng)絡框架下的產(chǎn)業(yè)結構調(diào)整問題。在明確產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng)絡存在的條件下，對其定義、分類及結構特征進行梳理；在此基礎上，重點分析了產(chǎn)業(yè)結構調(diào)整思路和政策與產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng)絡自身特點間的相互作用，指出其對政策的措施效果起到?jīng)Q定性影響。此外，還探討了產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng)絡結構演進和經(jīng)濟增長之間的關系。

關鍵詞：產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng)絡；結構調(diào)整；演進；增長

中圖分類號：F062.9 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1003-5192(2011)06-0041-06

Industry Network， Structure Adjustment and Evolution Path

LIU Jing-bo

（Business School， Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade， Shanghai 210620， China）

Abstract:With the development of economic globalization，the networking of industry structure has been a significant tendency. This paper mainly explores the adjustment of industry structure in framework of industry network. Under the condition that the existence of the industry network is confirmed， the paper outlines the definition， classification and feature of industry network. On this basis，the study is concentrated on the interaction between industry structure adjustment and industry network. And through the analysis， the conclusion is drawn that the characteristics of industry network will have dramatic and long-term effects on the performance of industry policies. Moreover， the paper also discusses the relations between the evolution of industry and economic growth.

Key words:industry network; structure adjustment; evolution; growth

1 引言

當前，剛從“金融危機”陰影走出的中國經(jīng)濟正在飽受通貨膨脹的困擾，通脹壓力幾乎已經(jīng)滲透到經(jīng)濟生活的每個領域。在保持經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定增長減輕通脹壓力的過程中，“產(chǎn)業(yè)結構調(diào)整”被寄予厚望。合理協(xié)調(diào)的產(chǎn)業(yè)結構對經(jīng)濟增長起著重要作用，這一點已經(jīng)被多數(shù)人認可。但是，產(chǎn)業(yè)結構調(diào)整應該在怎樣的框架下進行，產(chǎn)業(yè)以外的力量對結構調(diào)整作用的程度有多大，這種作用力是“正向”還是“負向”的，怎樣的產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整路徑才是穩(wěn)妥的，這一系列問題大多都沒得到有效解答。21世紀以來，各類產(chǎn)業(yè)在發(fā)展過程中呈現(xiàn)出明顯的網(wǎng)絡化趨勢。這種網(wǎng)絡化的產(chǎn)業(yè)結構不但秉承網(wǎng)絡組織固有的特性，如擁有專業(yè)化聯(lián)合的資產(chǎn)、共享的過程控制和共同的集體目等［1］，而且還擁有鮮明的特性，這包括多層次的子網(wǎng)絡、不連續(xù)的聯(lián)結、高度非線性、技術適應性等［2］。產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng)絡的這些特性對產(chǎn)業(yè)結構調(diào)整產(chǎn)生不同程度的推動力或阻力。……