摘 要:本文通過對溫州女性經營的企業調查,探究我國女企業家參與經濟轉型升級的路徑與轉型績效。研究發現,女性經營的企業主要基于內部成長驅動而選擇風險相對較小的內生式轉型,其中產品轉型對轉型績效發揮主導作用,這種選擇是與當前女性經營的中小企業資源能力相匹配的。企業采取不同的轉型路徑對企業能力增進有顯著影響,但對企業財務和市場增長績效短期內影響不顯著。我們認為基于組織成長階段和資源能力相互匹配的基礎上選擇合適的路徑有利于企業成功轉型。
關鍵詞:女企業家;轉型;路徑;績效
中圖分類號:F270 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1003-5192(2011)03-0053-06
Transformation of Enterprises and the Choice of the Route:
Based on a Survey of Women Entrepreneurs in Wenzhou
LIU Xia1, ZHANG Yi-li2
(School of Business, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China)
Abstract:In this paper, we attempt to study the routes of transformation and performance of enterprises, which is based on a survey on women-owned businesses in Wenzhou. We found that they choose the endogenous transformation which is based on internal growth drivers, and among them, product transition play a major role in the performance of enterprises, and the choice match with the current resources and capacities of women-owned small and medium enterprises. The different routes of transformation of enterprises have a significant effect on improving capabilities performance of enterprises, however, which have no significant effect on financial and market performance in short term. We believe that it is conductive to the successful transition for enterprises to choose appropriate transition path on the basis of matching the stage of business development and resources.
Key words:women entrepreneurs; transformation; route; performance
1 引言
2009年新華網調查顯示,中國約有2900萬名女企業家,約占企業家總數的20%。她們中95%以上經營管理中小企業,其中企業職工60%為女性。女企業家是一個重要群體,特別是近10多年來,中國婦女創業的速度超過了以往任何時期。女企業家以堅韌的毅力、頑強的精神和強烈的責任感,拼搏進取,對中國經濟的發展和社會進步做出了重要貢獻。然而,面臨全球競爭環境不確定性增大和我國經濟轉型的關鍵時期,女企業家群體面臨著轉型升級的機遇與挑戰,尤其2008年全球金融危機產生的倒逼壓力加快了企業轉型升級的步伐。轉型升級給企業帶來發展機遇的同時也帶來了巨大風險。Shendel、Patton等指出企業轉型是一項高風險活動,一旦失敗,不僅不能使企業實現復興,反而會將企業推向死亡[1]。……