Due to tremendous costs, super-tall buildings re-flect overall national strength to some extent. A reviewof architectural history of developed countries showsthat in the 19th century, they primarily concentrated onconstructing urban roads and bridges, and that focusdidn't shift to tall buildings until the 20th century. Afterthe turn of the 21st century, they began utilizing under-ground space to more comprehensively tap urban spaceresources. China's economic boom and expanding urban-ization in recent years have resulted in increasing demandfor urban space and consequently increasing numbers ofskyscrapers.