院士風(fēng)采

裴文中

1904.01.19～1982.09.18

史前考古學(xué)家、古生物學(xué)家。河北豐南人。1927年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)地質(zhì)系。1937年獲法國法國巴黎大學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國科學(xué)院古脊椎動(dòng)物與古人類研究所研究員。1929年起主持并參加周口店的發(fā)掘和研究，是中國猿人第一個(gè)頭蓋骨的發(fā)現(xiàn)者。1931年起，確認(rèn)石器、用火灰燼等的存在，為周口店是古人類遺址提供了考古學(xué)重要依據(jù)。主持山頂洞人遺址發(fā)掘，獲得大量極有價(jià)值的山頂洞人化石及其文化遺物。1949年后，積極開展中石器和新石器時(shí)代的綜合研究，為中國舊石器時(shí)代考古學(xué)的發(fā)展做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。

1955年被選聘為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Prehistoric archaeologist and paleontologist. Born in Fengnan,Hebei Province. Graduated from the Department of Geology, Beijing University in 1927. Received Ph. D. from Paris University, France in 1937. Research professor, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthrolology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Pei took charge of and participated in the excavation and investigation in Zhoukoudian, Beijing in 1929 and was the finder of the first skull of Sinanthropus. He confirmed the existence of stoneware and ashes remained by using fire in 1931, which provided an important archaeological basis that Zhoukoudian is a relics of paleoanthropoid.He managed the exploration of the site of Upper Cave Man and obtained a lot of highly valuable fossils and other cultural remains of Upper Cave Man. Since 1949, he was keen on the synthetic research on Mesolithic Age and Neolithic Age and made significant contributions to the development of archaeology of Paleolithic in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

王竹泉

1891.04.09～1975.07.24

地質(zhì)學(xué)家。河北交河人。1929年獲美國威斯康星大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。煤炭部地質(zhì)司總工程師、研究員兼北京煤炭科學(xué)研究院地質(zhì)所所長。從事地質(zhì)工作60年，研究成果涉及地質(zhì)學(xué)的許多領(lǐng)域，其中煤田地質(zhì)的最多，提出了許多獨(dú)到的見解。早年提出以重礦物為標(biāo)志鑒定火成巖區(qū)的觀點(diǎn)；在昌平發(fā)現(xiàn)了新礦物“西湖石”；后對山東、安徽、河北、江西、山西、河南、綏遠(yuǎn)（今內(nèi)蒙古）、陜西、遼寧、湖南、云南和貴州等省主要煤田進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)調(diào)查研究，為以后大規(guī)模勘查建立了基礎(chǔ)。50年代對華南晚二疊世煤田形成條件及分布規(guī)律的研究，具有示范意義。還研究和總結(jié)了中國煤的變質(zhì)規(guī)律，首先提出了煤的接觸變質(zhì)作用類型，不僅具有實(shí)際意義，更在煤田地質(zhì)理論上做出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。

1957年被選聘為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Ore deposit geologist. Born in Jiaohe, Hebei Province.Received MS from the University of Wisconsin, USA in 1929.Chief engineer, Department of Geology, Ministry of Coal Industry, and research professor and director, Institute of Geology, Beijing Academy of Coal Science.

Wang was engaged in geological research for 60 years,during which he studied many fields of geology, especially coal geology, and put forward many unique ideas. In his early geological career, he presented the idea that heavy minerals are taken as marks to distinguish volcanic rocks, discovered the new mineral “hsihutsuite” in Changping County of Beijing,surveyed systematically major coal fields in Shandong, Hebei,Jiangxi, Shanxi, Henan, Suiyuan (present Inner Mongolia),Shaanxi, Liaoning, Hunan, Yunan and Guizhou provinces,and established bases for subsequent large-scale surveys and exploration. In the 1950s, he studied the formation conditions and distribution pattern of Late Permian coal fields in South China, which was of exampling Chinese coal, and he was the first to put forward the contact metamorphic classification of coal, which not only had practical importance in the development of coal, but also made active contributions to the geological theories of coal fields.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1957.

馮景蘭

1898.03.09～1976.09.29

礦床學(xué)家。河南唐河人。1921年獲美國哥倫比亞大學(xué)地質(zhì)學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。北京地質(zhì)學(xué)院教授。40年代曾參加川、康、滇三省銅礦勘探及滇緬鐵路沿線礦產(chǎn)調(diào)查；50年代在豫西調(diào)查中對評價(jià)平頂山煤礦和河南鞏縣鋁土礦作了指導(dǎo)工作，參加選定三門峽壩址建議書的編寫工作。對兩廣、陜北以及沈海鐵路、隴海鐵路沿線的地質(zhì)調(diào)查，為這些地區(qū)以后的地質(zhì)工作奠定了初步基礎(chǔ)。對川、康、滇各省銅礦的成因類型和次生富集作用發(fā)表了有開創(chuàng)性的意見。

1957年被選聘為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Mineral deposit geologist. Born in Tanghe, Henan Province. Received MS from the Department of Geology,Columbia University, USA in 1921. Professor, Beijing Geology College.

Feng took part in the exploration of copper ore in Sichuan, Gansu and Yunan provinces and the investigation of minerals along the Yunnan-Burma railway in the 1940s.During the 1950s, he directed the evaluation of Pingdingshan coal mine and bauxite mine in Zhuxian, Henan Province and participated in the compilation of the proposal of site selection for Sanmenxia Dam. He made geological investigations in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, northern Shaanxi Province and areas along the Shenhai and Longhai railways, which laid a primary foundation for the geological work in these areas.He put forward creative suggestions on the classification of the origin and secondary enrichment of copper ore deposited in Sichuan, Gansu, and Yunnan provinces.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1957.

傅承義

1909.10.07～2000.01.08

地球物理學(xué)家。福建閩侯人。1933年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)。1941年獲加拿大麥吉爾大學(xué)物理學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。1944年獲美國加利福尼亞理工學(xué)院地球物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國科學(xué)院地球物理研究所研究員、名譽(yù)所長。專長固體地球物理學(xué)、地震學(xué)和地球物理勘探。國際地震波傳播理論研究的先驅(qū)者之一，對地震體波、面波、首波、地震射線及地震成因的理論均有獨(dú)特貢獻(xiàn)。中國地球物理學(xué)會(huì)創(chuàng)建人之一。長期主編《地球物理學(xué)報(bào)》，為中國的地球物理事業(yè)做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。

1957年被選聘為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Geophysicist. Born in Beijing. Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1933. Received MS from McGill University,Canada in 1941 and Ph. D. Geophysics from CIT, USA in 1944. Research professor and honorary director, Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Fu is an expert in solid geophysics, seismology and geophysical prospecting. He is one of the pioneers who first studied the theory of seismic wave propagation in the world.He made special contributions to the theories of seismic body wave, surface wave, head wave, seismic ray and the origin of earchquakes. He is one of the founders of the Chinese Geophysical Society. He has been the chief editor of Acta Geophysica Sinica for a long time and has made significant contributions to the cause of geophysics in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1957.