大學生電子垃圾回收行為意向的影響因素研究

摘 要:本文以大學生群體為被試，研究了他們的電子垃圾回收行為意向的影響因素和對于各種增加電子垃圾回收行為做法有效性的偏好。實證研究結果表明:大學生的電子垃圾回收行為意向與他們所擁有的電子垃圾相關知識、對于電子垃圾回收的特定態度、參與回收的個體規范、內控性特質、參與回收的社會規范顯著正相關，而與一般環境態度、回收的便利性無關;在各種增加電子垃圾回收行為的做法中，有效性排在第一、二位的分別是加大電子垃圾回收的基礎設施建設和增加參與回收的經濟報酬。根據研究結果，給出了提高大學生電子垃圾回收參與度的策略，并在最后指出了研究存在的局限性。

關鍵詞:電子垃圾;行為意向;社會規范;個體規范;內控性

中圖分類號:C931.1 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1003-5192(2012)02-0031-07

An Empirical Research on the Determinants of Undergraduates’ E-waste Recycling Behavior Intention and Strategies of Enhancing E-waste Recycling Participation

YIN Jie-lin1， GE Xin-quan1， GUO Jian2

(1.School of Economics and Management， Beijing Information Science and Technology University， Beijing 100192， China; 2.School of Management Science and Engineering， Central University of Finance and Economics， Beijing 100081， China) Abstract:Taking undergraduates as participants， this empirical research explores the determinants of their e-waste recycling behavior intention and their preferences for the effectiveness of different ways of enhancing e-waste recycling participation. The findings indicate that undergraduates’ e-waste recycling behavior intention is significantly positively related to their knowledge on e-waste， their specific attitude towards e-waste recycling， social norm towards e-waste recycling， personal norm towards e-waste recycling and internal locus of control， and is no related to their general environmental belief and convenience of e-waste recycling. Results also show that the first and the second ranks of effectiveness of ways that can enhance e-waste recycling participation are the construction of e-waste recycling infrastructure and the raise of reward on e-waste recycling respectively. Based on the above results， strategies of enhancing e-waste recycling participation are given. Finally， limitations of this research are pointed out.

Key words:e-waste; behavior intention; social norm; personal norm; internal locus of control

1 引言

隨著電子產業技術水平日益快速地不斷升級和社會對電子類消費產品需求的不斷更新和膨脹，電子產品被廢棄和淘汰的速度越來越快。據有關專家估計，電子垃圾產出量的增加速度是生活垃圾的三倍，已成為城市垃圾中增長最快的一類固體廢棄物［1］。電子垃圾由于含有重金屬、鹵族化合物等有毒有害化學物質，焚燒或填埋會對我們生存的環境和人體健康構成嚴重的危害［2］;同時，電子垃圾中含有大量銅鐵等金屬和Au、Ag、Ni等貴重金屬，通過回收利用可節約資源，避免原生資源的過度開采［3］。目前，電子垃圾管理已成為全球保護資源環境、促進可持續發展的一個重大關鍵課題。……