詞序顛倒 意義有別

在英語中，有不少詞組的詞序顛倒后，它們的意義就會不同，詞組的性質(zhì)也隨之改變。下面比較一些在英語學習中常見的詞組，以供借鑒。

1. in all 總共，總計；all in 疲勞。如：

He made only two mistakes in the test in all. 這次考試他總共才出了兩個錯。

At the end of the race Li Lei was all in. 賽跑結(jié)束時李雷感到筋疲力盡了。

2. one another( = each other）互相; another one 另外一個，再一個。如：

We should help one another. 我們應(yīng)該互相幫助。

There is a crack in this glass. Show me another one， please. 這個杯子有裂痕，請給我拿另外一個。

3. short for ……的簡稱，……的簡略形式；for short 簡稱為，縮寫。如：

UK is short for the United Kingdom. UK是聯(lián)合王國的簡略形式。

We call her Jo for short. 我們簡稱她為喬。

4. too much 太多，過分（后跟不可數(shù)名詞，也可用作代詞或副詞)；much too太，非常（后跟形容詞或副詞）。如：

He drank too much tea last night. 昨晚他喝的茶太多了。

I can’t afford the car. It is much too expensive. 我買不起這輛車，它太貴了。

5. all over 遍及，到處，全身；over all 總的來說，大體上。如：

You can find people like him all over the world. 你到處可以看到像他這樣的人。

I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over. 我跌了許多跤，以至于全身青一塊紫一塊。

Over all， the book is good. 總的來說，這本書還不錯。

6. turn in 上交，（口）上床睡覺；in turn 依次，輪流，逐個。如：

Each student must turn in an English composition to the teacher once a week. 每一位學生每周必須交給老師一篇英語作文。

It’s too late. I think I’ll turn in. 時間不早了，我要睡覺了。

He picked up all the books in turn and examined them. 他把所有的書都逐一檢查。

7. hand in 遞交，交出；in hand在控制下， 在掌握中。如：

I handed in the watch to the policeman. 我把那塊表交給了警察。

We have the situation well in hand. 我們已經(jīng)控制了局勢。

8. much as 同……一樣，（用于句首）雖然，盡管; as much 同等，一樣。如：

Plants need food， much as animals do. 植物和動物一樣，也需要食物。

He was greatly respected， but his brother as much despised. 他很受人們的尊敬，而他的兄弟則受到同等的蔑視。

9. before long 不久以后; long before 很久以前。如：

You will see him before long. 你很快就能見到他。

I saw the film long before. 我很久以前就看過那部電影。

10. if only 但愿……就好了；only if 決不……; 除非……。如：

If only I could take a trip around the world! 要是我能夠環(huán)游世界該多好啊！

If only he had not driven so fast， the accident wouldn’t have happened. 要是他開車沒那么快，這次事故就不會發(fā)生了。

I’ll only come if you promise me that you won’t invite Henry. 除非你答應(yīng)不邀請亨利，否則我不會來。

11. as such 就其本身而論，作為……的身份；such as 諸如……之類，像……這樣（用于列舉同類事物）。如：

Money， as such， doesn’t bring happiness. 錢，就其本身而言，并不能帶來幸福。

They were second-class citizens and treated as such. 他們是二等公民，也就是這樣對待的。

Sweet foods such as chocolate can make you fat. 像巧克力之類的甜食能使人發(fā)胖。

12. far from（距）離……很遠，比……差得遠；from far 從遠處（方），遠遠地。如：

The moon is far from the earth. 月亮離地球很遠。

Your work is far from (being) satisfactory. 你的工作遠不能令人滿意。

The stranger seems to have come from far. 這個陌生人似乎來自遠方。

（尹言 輯）