何謂“奧”林英雄?以黑馬之勢(shì),大殺各方,勇奪金牌,笑傲群雄。何謂“奧”林霸主?雄踞一方,巋然不動(dòng),領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)?lì)I(lǐng)到腿抽筋,數(shù)金牌數(shù)到手軟。當(dāng)英雄不易,成為霸主更是難上加難,可還是有些人天縱奇才、勤學(xué)苦練,所得獎(jiǎng)牌數(shù)讓人可望而不可即。現(xiàn)在就隨本文一起盤點(diǎn)一下歷史上奪金最多的五大“奧”林霸主吧!
The 2012 Summer Olympic Games are approaching, taking place in London for a third time. Michael Phelps and Usain Bolt, the heroes and biggest stars of the Olympic games in Beijing, will be making a return to defend their medals, with Phelps aiming to keep his legend and record for golds going, while Bolt will try to do the unthinkable and actually break his un-human like records. But Bolt has a long way to go before he enters the list of most decorated Olympians, with 3 gold medals to his name so far. The following is the list of most successful Olympic athletes in terms of gold medals.
2012年夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)就要開幕了,這將是倫敦第三次舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)(編注:前兩次分別在1908年和1948年)。北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上的英雄人物、璀璨明星邁克爾·菲爾普斯和尤塞恩·博爾特將在本屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上力爭(zhēng)衛(wèi)冕。菲爾普斯的目標(biāo)是延續(xù)傳奇、刷新金牌數(shù)紀(jì)錄,而博爾特則會(huì)努力展現(xiàn)他不可思議的實(shí)力,切實(shí)打破自己超乎常人的紀(jì)錄。不過,至今已獲得3枚奧運(yùn)金牌的博爾特要想躋身獲得奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌最多的運(yùn)動(dòng)員榜單,還有很長的路要走。下面列出的就是按金牌數(shù)衡量的最佳奧運(yùn)選手排行榜。
Michael Phelps
(United States; 14 Gold, 2 Bronze, 16 Total)
Arguably the greatest Olympic athlete in history, Phelps has the gold to boost1) his argument. He''''ll be going for more in London 2012, this time not coming in as the favorite after Ryan Lochte has been taking over2) some of Phelps'''' previous winning fields. Phelps went for3) 8 in the 2004 Olympic games, at the age of 19, falling short4) in the legendary 200 meter freestyle race alongside Thorpe5) and van den Hoogenband6) and in the 4×100 freestyle, winning bronze in both. He got six gold for the 100 200 butterfly, 200 400 medley7), 4×100 medley and the 4×200 freestyle.
He won a perfect 8 for 8 in Beijing, setting a new record for gold medals in a single Olympics, breaking an unhappy Mark Spitz''''8) record. Phelps had some close calls9) in Beijing, but managed to retain his six gold medals and win the 200 meters freestyle and the 4×100 freestyle.
Larisa Latynina
(Soviet Union; 9 Gold, 5 Silver, 4 Bronze, 18 Total)
Latynina''''s 18 Olympic medals are more than any other athlete in any other sport, and her 14 individual medals are also an all-time record. She participated in three Summer Olympics (1956~1964) helping establish the Soviet Union as a Gymnastics giant. She won four gold medals in 1956 (Melbourne)—the team competition, all-around, vault and floor exercise. She won 3 golds in Rome (1960)—team, all-around and floor. Two more came in Tokyo (1964) for the team competition and floor.
Carl Lewis
(United States; 9 Gold, 1 Silver, 10 Total)
Carl Lewis is probably the greatest track and field10) (TF) athlete of all-time, named Olympian of the Century by the Olympic committee, becoming probably the first real star of TF, elevating the sport to a more professional level. Lewis won four gold medals in the 1984 Olympic games for the 100 meter, 200 meter and 4×100 races. He also won the long jump. He didn''''t lose a long jump for nearly 10 years, and his indoor record still stands.
In 1988 Lewis added two more in the 100 meters and the long jump, two more in Barcelona for the 4×100 relay and the long jump and one last gold in 1996 for the long jump.
BjXrn D?hlie
(Norway; 8 Gold, 4 Silver, 12 Total)
By far the most successful Winter Olympian and the only one on our list, D?hlie is the most successful cross-country skier in history, with 29 medals in Olympic Games and the Nord World Ski Championships. D?hlie won three golds in Albertville—the 50 km, the 4×10 km and the 10 km + 15 combined pursuit. In 1994, Lillehammer, he won two more for the 10 + 15 and the 10 km. He added three more in Nagano for the 10, 50 and the 4×10. He still competes in long distance races.
Birgit Fischer
(Germany; 8 Gold, 4 Silver, 12 Total)
If it wasn''''t for the 1984 Eastern Bloc11) boycotting12) the 1984 games in Los Angeles, the former East German13) kayaker would have been higher on this list. Fischer competed for East Germany in 1980 and 1988, winning three gold medals. As a member of the unified team, she won five more—one in Barcelona, one in Atlanta, two in Sydney and one in Athens. She shares the record for winning a gold medal in six different Olympic games with legendary Hungarian fencer Aladar Gerevich.
邁克爾·菲爾普斯
(美國選手,奪14金、2銅,共計(jì)16枚獎(jiǎng)牌)
如果說菲爾普斯作為史上最偉大的奧運(yùn)選手尚有爭(zhēng)議,他所獲得的金牌則非常有說服力。菲爾普斯將在2012年倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)上力爭(zhēng)奪取更多的金牌,不過這次他不再是最被看好的選手,因?yàn)榇饲叭鸢病ぢ搴仗卦诜茽柶账惯^去奪冠的一些項(xiàng)目中大有取而代之之勢(shì)。在2004年奧運(yùn)會(huì)上,年僅19歲的菲爾普斯志在奪取8枚金牌,不過在與索普和范登胡根班德共同上演的200米自由泳傳奇大戰(zhàn)和4×100米自由泳項(xiàng)目中均不敵對(duì)手,僅獲兩枚銅牌。他在100米蝶泳和200米蝶泳、200米混合泳和400米混合泳、4×100米混合泳及4×200米自由泳這6個(gè)項(xiàng)目中獲得了6枚金牌。
菲爾普斯在北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上出賽8個(gè)項(xiàng)目,項(xiàng)項(xiàng)奪冠,創(chuàng)造了在同一屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上奪得金牌數(shù)最多的新紀(jì)錄,打破了馬克·斯皮茨保持的紀(jì)錄,使后者頗為郁悶。菲爾普斯在北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上有幾次危險(xiǎn)時(shí)刻,但最終還是在上屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)摘金的6個(gè)項(xiàng)目中成功衛(wèi)冕,并贏得了200米自由泳和4×100米自由泳兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目的冠軍。
拉里莎·拉特尼娜
(前蘇聯(lián)選手,奪9金、5銀、4銅,共計(jì)18枚獎(jiǎng)牌)
拉特尼娜以摘得18枚奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌的成績力壓群雄,稱霸“奧”林。她在個(gè)人項(xiàng)目中獲得的14枚獎(jiǎng)牌也是史上最強(qiáng)紀(jì)錄。她參加了三屆夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)(1956~1964年),幫助前蘇聯(lián)確立了體操強(qiáng)國的地位。她在1956年墨爾本奧運(yùn)會(huì)上贏得4枚金牌,分別是團(tuán)體、個(gè)人全能、跳馬和自由體操。在羅馬奧運(yùn)會(huì)(1960年)上,拉特尼娜又贏得了團(tuán)體、個(gè)人全能和自由體操3枚金牌。在東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)(1964年)上,拉特尼娜再次摘得團(tuán)體和自由體操2枚金牌。
卡爾·劉易斯
(美國選手,奪9金、1銀,共計(jì)10枚獎(jiǎng)牌)
卡爾·劉易斯可能是有史以來最偉大的田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)員,奧委會(huì)授予他“世紀(jì)最佳奧運(yùn)選手”的稱號(hào)。他也許是首位真正意義上的田徑明星,將田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)提升到一個(gè)更為職業(yè)化的層面。劉易斯在1984年的奧運(yùn)會(huì)上摘得4枚金牌,分別是男子100米、200米、4×100米接力賽跑以及跳遠(yuǎn)。他在跳遠(yuǎn)項(xiàng)目中將近十年從無敗績,而且由他創(chuàng)造的室內(nèi)紀(jì)錄至今仍未被打破。
劉易斯在1988年的奧運(yùn)會(huì)上再奪100米和跳遠(yuǎn)兩枚金牌,在巴塞羅那奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得4×100米接力和跳遠(yuǎn)兩枚金牌,并在1996年奧運(yùn)會(huì)跳遠(yuǎn)比賽中獲得個(gè)人最后一枚金牌。
比約恩·戴利
(挪威選手,奪8金、4銀,共計(jì)12枚獎(jiǎng)牌)
戴利是迄今為止最為成功的冬奧會(huì)選手,也是這份名單上唯一的一名冬奧會(huì)選手。他是史上成就最高的越野滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)員,在奧運(yùn)會(huì)和北歐世界滑雪錦標(biāo)賽上共摘得29枚獎(jiǎng)牌。戴利在阿爾貝維爾冬奧會(huì)上獲得了50公里、4×10公里和10 + 15公里混合追逐賽的3枚金牌。在1994年利勒哈默爾冬奧會(huì)上,他又獲得了10 + 15公里和10公里越野賽2枚金牌。戴利在長野冬奧會(huì)上再添3金,分別是10公里、50公里和4×10公里越野賽。他還在參加長距離項(xiàng)目的比賽。
比吉特·菲舍爾
(德國選手,奪8金、4銀,共計(jì)12枚獎(jiǎng)牌)
如果不是因?yàn)闁|方集團(tuán)拒絕參加1984年洛杉磯奧運(yùn)會(huì),這位前東德皮劃艇選手在這張榜單上的排名還要更靠前些。菲舍爾代表東德參加了1980年和1988年的奧運(yùn)會(huì),并贏得3枚金牌。東、西德合并后,她又代表統(tǒng)一后的德國隊(duì)贏得5枚奧運(yùn)金牌——巴塞羅那1枚、亞特蘭大1枚、悉尼2枚、雅典1枚。她和匈牙利的傳奇擊劍選手阿拉達(dá)爾·格雷維奇共同保持著在六屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上奪金的紀(jì)錄。
1.boost [bu?st] vt. 推動(dòng);提高;增強(qiáng)
2.take over: 取而代之
3.go for: 試圖得到;爭(zhēng)取
4.fall short: 沒能取得想要的成績
5.Thorpe: 索普(1982~),全名伊恩·索普(Ian Thorpe),澳大利亞游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。他14歲就加入澳大利亞國家游泳隊(duì),15歲在1998年世界游泳錦標(biāo)賽上成為最年輕的男子400米自由泳世界冠軍,后在2000年悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲3金1銀,在2004年雅典奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲2金2銀1銅。
6.van den Hoogenband: 范登胡根班德(1978~),荷蘭游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。他在2000年悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)中獲2金2銅,而在該屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)中創(chuàng)造的男子100米自由泳世界紀(jì)錄直到2008年才被法國選手打破。
7.medley [?medli] n. 混合泳比賽
8.Mark Spitz: 馬克·斯皮茨(1950~),美國游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。他在1972年奧運(yùn)會(huì)上一舉奪得7枚金牌,成為史上在一屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得最多金牌的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,這項(xiàng)紀(jì)錄直到2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)才被邁克爾·菲爾普斯的8枚金牌打破。到目前為止,斯皮茨仍是奧運(yùn)會(huì)史上唯一一位同時(shí)在參加的所有個(gè)人項(xiàng)目中全部奪金并打破世界紀(jì)錄的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。
9.a close call: <口>僥幸的脫險(xiǎn)
10.track and field: 田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)
11.Eastern Bloc: 東方集團(tuán),指第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后形成的以前蘇聯(lián)為首的社會(huì)主義陣營。
12.boycott [?b??k?t] vt. (聯(lián)合起來)抵制(個(gè)人、團(tuán)體或國家);拒絕參加
13.East German: 東德的。東德(East Germany)又稱德意志民主共和國(German Democratic Republic)。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,德國被前蘇聯(lián)和英、法、美占領(lǐng),后來東部的前蘇聯(lián)占領(lǐng)區(qū)成立了德意志民主共和國,而西部占領(lǐng)區(qū)合并后成立了德意志聯(lián)邦共和國(又稱西德)。當(dāng)時(shí)的東德屬于社會(huì)主義陣營的一員。1990年,東德正式加入西德,德國統(tǒng)一。