于洪泉,張 宇,金 宏,趙東海,楊淑艷,齊 玲
(1.吉林大學第一醫院神經外科,吉林 長春 130021;2.吉林醫藥學院病理學教研室,吉林 吉林 132013)
惡性膠質瘤細胞死亡誘導信號復合體表達與TRAIL誘導凋亡的關系
于洪泉1,張 宇1,金 宏2,趙東海2,楊淑艷2,齊 玲2
(1.吉林大學第一醫院神經外科,吉林 長春 130021;2.吉林醫藥學院病理學教研室,吉林 吉林 132013)
目的:通過研究惡性膠質瘤細胞中死亡誘導信號復合體(DISC)與腫瘤壞死因子相關凋亡誘導配體(TRAIL)誘導凋亡的關系,初步探討TRAIL誘導凋亡抵抗的機制。方法:分離惡性膠質瘤組織,獲得和培養原代膠質瘤細胞,用100μg·L-1TRAIL作用后采用酸性磷酸酶法檢測細胞凋亡水平;Western blotting法檢測細胞表達死亡誘導信號復合體的水平。結果:獲得3株(GC417、GC321、GC125)原代惡性膠質瘤細胞;3株細胞對TRAIL誘導凋亡的敏感程度不同[GC321(0.12±0.01vs0.51±0.02)和GC125(0.22±0.01vs0.36±0.01)],對TRAIL誘導凋亡作用敏感,與對照組比較差異有統計學意義(P<0.01);而GC417(0.24±0.01vs0.23±0.02)對TRAIL誘導凋亡不敏感。Western blotting法檢測結果顯示,死亡誘導信號復合體表達不同,GC321和GC125表達增高,GC417表達減少。結論:不同來源的原代培養惡性膠質瘤細胞對TRAIL誘導凋亡的反應不同,死亡誘導信號復合體表達也不同,死亡誘導信號復合體表達的減少可能與凋亡抵抗的發生密切相關。
膠質瘤;死亡誘導信號復合體;腫瘤壞死因子相關凋亡誘導配體;細胞凋亡
腫瘤壞死因子相關凋亡誘導配體(tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand,TRAIL)作用于細胞后,主要是通過形成死亡誘導信 號 復 合 體 (death-inducing signaling complex,DISC),使caspase-8活化,使腫瘤細胞發生凋亡[1]。所以,DISC中任一成分對TRAIL凋亡信號的傳導都很重要,發生錯誤時會導致TRAIL凋亡通路阻斷。國內外相關研究[2-3]表明:DISC在TRAIL凋亡傳導通路中占有非常重要的地位,因此,本文作者在此基礎上進一步研究DISC在原代培養的膠質瘤細胞中的作用,為TRAIL作為腫瘤治療新藥提供實驗依據。
1.1 細胞培養[4]取新鮮人腦膠質瘤組織(吉林大學第一醫院提供,病理診斷為Ⅲ-Ⅳ級腦膠質瘤)。冷PBS沖洗后將組織剪成小塊(1mm×1mm×1mm),置于離心管中,加入胰酶消化,37℃孵育30min,離心棄上清,培養液重懸細胞,計數活細胞,加入10%DMEM/F12培養液(Gibco公司),以1×106/75cm2細胞密度接種后將培養瓶置入37℃、5%CO2孵箱、于飽和濕度下進行培養,隔日換液,1∶3傳代,獲得3株原代培養的GC417、GC321及GC125惡性膠質瘤細胞。
1.2 酸性磷酸酶法檢測細胞對TRAIL誘導凋亡的敏感性 待細胞融合至85%,0.25%胰酶消化,計數活細胞,以每孔8×103個細胞接種于96孔板中,培養24h,將細胞分為4組,每組設5個復孔,加入TRAIL(100μg·L-1),對照組使用基礎培養基。作用24h,小心棄上清,PBS洗去培養基,每孔加入酸性磷酸酶底物檢測液(對硝基苯新鮮配制)100μL,繼續培養90min,加入終止液,室溫下孵育5min。酶標儀405nm處測定各孔吸光度(A)值。
1.3 Western blotting法檢測細胞中DISC成分細胞培養3d,待細胞生長90% 左右,棄去培養液,加入0.01mol·L-1PBS充分洗滌細胞,棄去PBS,0.25%胰酶消化,將細胞收集于1.5mL離心管中,3 000r·min-1離心5min,棄上清。PBS充分洗滌細胞,離心后棄上清,每個樣品加入50μL的細胞裂解液,細胞充分裂解后,12 000g、4℃離心15min,上清移于另一管中,棄去沉淀,Braford測定法檢測樣品蛋白濃度,SDS-PAGE電泳分離樣品,4℃轉膜封閉后,加入相應一抗,4℃孵育過夜后,加入相應的二抗,室溫、避光孵育1h,膠片曝光拍照。
1.4 統計學分析 應用SPSS 17.0統計軟件進行數據處理,凋亡敏感性數據以±s表示,2組間樣本均數比較采用兩獨立樣本t檢驗。
2.1 惡性膠質瘤細胞對TRAIL誘導凋亡敏感性原代培養惡性膠質瘤細胞株,經100μg·L-1TRAIL作用后檢測細胞凋亡情況,發現3株原代培養的腦膠質瘤細胞對TRAIL誘導凋亡的敏感程度不同,GC321(0.12±0.01vs0.51±0.02)和GC125(0.22±0.01vs0.36±0.01)對TRAIL誘導凋亡作用敏感,與對照組比較差異有統計學意義(P<0.01),而 GC417(0.24±0.01vs0.23±0.02)對TRAIL誘導凋亡不敏感
2.2 惡性膠質瘤細胞DISC成分表達情況Western blotting法檢測結果顯示:在3株原代培養惡性膠質瘤細胞株中,DISC各成分均有表達,但略有不同,對TRAIL敏感的GC321細胞,DR5、caspase-8和Fas相關蛋白(FADD)表達均有增高,而對TRAIL不敏感的GC417細胞表達則明顯減少(圖1)。

圖1 惡性膠質瘤細胞中DISC蛋白的表達Fig.1 Expressions of DISC proteins in glioma cells
膠質瘤是中樞神經系統最常見的腫瘤,其發病率并不高,但由于其隱匿性,一經發現絕大多數均為惡性,所以給臨床治療帶來了很大困難。由于膠質瘤在腦內呈彌散性分布[5],經手術難以清除,且現有的多種治療方法對患者生存期的延長意義不大。研究[6-7]發現:惡性膠質瘤可能是由于激活了細胞的生長途徑和/或抑制了細胞的凋亡途徑而對治療產生抵抗。TRAIL是腫瘤壞死因子超家族中的一員[8-9],其在腫瘤免疫監視過程中起一定作用[10],能誘導多種腫瘤細胞凋亡,而對正常組織和細胞無明顯毒性作用[11],TRAIL的這一特性使之成為腫瘤治療藥物研究的熱點。但研究[12-13]發現:在多種腫瘤細胞中存在著TRAIL抵抗現象,其發生抵抗的機制尚不清楚。
本實驗通過對3株原代培養的惡性膠質瘤細胞進行研究,酸性磷酸酶法和Western blotting法檢測結果顯示:在3株原代培養惡性膠質瘤細胞株中,各細胞對TRAIL誘導凋亡的敏感性不同,DISC各成分表達也不同,對TRAIL敏感的GC321和GC125細胞中DISC成分表達明顯增高;而對TRAIL不敏感的GC417細胞中其表達則減少。這說明不同來源的惡性膠質瘤細胞對TRAIL誘導凋亡的反應性不同,與DISC表達明顯相關。因此,DISC的表達量減少可能與凋亡抵抗的發生密切相關,但其抵抗的機制,還需要進一步研究。
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Relationship between expression of death-inducing signaling complex and apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand in malignant glioma cells
YU Hong-quan1,ZHANG Yu1,JIN Hong2,ZHAO Dong-hai2,YANG Shu-yan2,QI Ling2
(1.Department of Neurosurgery,First Hospital,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;2.Department of Pathology,Jilin Medical College,Jilin 132013,China)
Objective To discuss the relationship between the expression of death-inducing signaling complex(DISC)and apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)in malignant glioma cells,and to explore the mechanism of resistance of TRAIL initiated apoptosis.Methods The primary cultured cells were isolated from human malignant glioma tissues,and the level of apoptotsis was detected by acid phosphatase assay after the cells treated with different doses of TRAIL;and the level of DISC protein was determined by Western blotting.Results The primary malignant glioma cells GC417,GC321and GC125were isolated and cultivated,and the sensitivities of the cells to TRAIL were different,GC321(0.12±0.01vs0.51±0.02)and GC125 (0.22±0.01vs0.36±0.01)were sensitive to TRAIL,there were significant differences compared with control group(P<0.01);but GC417(0.24±0.01vs0.23±0.02)was resistant to TRAIL.The results of Western blotting showed that the expressions of DISC proteins were various,and the expressions of GC321and GC125were increased,and the expression of GC417was decreased.Conclusion The responses are different according to the different primary malignant glioma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis,and the expressions of DISC proteins are either different;there is relationship between the decreasing of the expressions of DISC proteins and the resistance of TRAIL initiated apoptosis.
glioma;death-inducing signaling complex;tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand;apoptosis
R739.4
A
1671-587Ⅹ(2012)05-0904-03
2012-06-18
吉林省科技廳自然科學基金資助課題 (202015242);吉林省教育廳科研基金資助課題 (2012330);吉林醫藥學院科研基金資助課題 (201101);吉林省吉林市科技發展計劃項目資助課題 (201233128)
于洪泉 (1974-),男,吉林省長春市人,主治醫師,醫學博士,主要從事腦腫瘤研究。
齊 玲 (Tel:0431-88782331,E-mail:qiling1718@163.com)