院士風采

張維1913.05.22～2001.10.04

固體力學和工程教育專家。北京市人。1933年獲唐山交通大學工學士學位。1938年獲倫敦帝國理工學院工學碩士學位。1944年獲德國柏林高等工業學校工程博士學位。清華大學教授。1983年創辦深圳大學。三次參加我國科技長遠發展規劃并任土木建筑水利組組長和力學組副組長，推動了我國某些新興學科的建立和發展。長期從事結構力學和固體力學的教學和科研工作，為我國培養力學人才做出了貢獻。研究板殼靜、動理論。1944年在國際首次求得環殼在旋轉對稱載荷下的應力狀態的漸進解。后來在圓環殼方面做出了系統的開創性的研究工作。主編了《殼體文獻匯編》《力學叢書》和《世界力學名著譯叢》等。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Specialist in the teaching of mechanics and structural engineering.Born in Beijing. Graduated from Tangshan Jiaotong University in 1933 with BS in engineering. Received D.I.C from the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK in 1938 and Dr. Ing. from Technische Hochschule Berlin in 1944. Professor, Tsinghua University.

Zhang took part in planning the National Long-term Scheme for the Development of Science and Technology three time and was the chairman of the Planning Group for the Development of Civil, Hydraulic Engineering and Architecture and vice chairman of the Planning Group for the Development of Mechanics, pushing forward the establishment and development of several new engineering disciplines in China. He was engaged in education and scientific research on mechanics of solid and structures. He played an important role in fostering talents for mechanical study in China. His research concentrates mainly on statics and dynamics of plates and shells. In 1944, he obtained for the first time an asymptotic solution of toroidal shell under axi-symmetric loading. He did in the past decades systematic research on toroidal and rotational symmertric shells. He is the chief editor of the “Translation Series of World Famous Treatise on Mechanics.”

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

張光斗1912.05.01～

水利水電專家。江蘇常熟人。1934年畢業于上海交通大學土木工程學院。1935年獲美國加利福尼亞大學碩士學位。1936年再獲美國哈佛大學工學院碩士學位。后作博士研究生。清華大學教授。長期從事水利水電工程的教學和科研工作，編寫了《水工建筑物》教材及專著，寫出了新安江水電站、豐滿水電站等水力學試驗研究報告和響洪甸拱壩、拱壩壩肩地質力學模型、拱壩抗震研究等論文。負責設計密云水庫、青石嶺水電站、漁子溪水電站等。參加了黃河和長江水利工程的規劃設計工作，如葛洲壩工程、丹江口工程、三門峽工程、小浪底工程、二灘水電站、李家峽水電站、三峽工程等以及紅水河上龍灘水電站，解決關鍵技術問題。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Specialist in water conservancy and hydroelectric engineering.Born in Changshu, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Civil Engineering College, Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934. Received MS from the University of California in 1935 and another MS from Harvard University in 1936, and studied for Ph.D.. Professor, Tsinghua University.

Zhang has been engaged in the teaching and research on water conservancy and hydroelectric engineering for about 60 years. He published the textbook of“ Hydraulic Structures” and other monographs. He wrote some research reports on the hydraulic experiments of Xin’anjing and Fengman hydropower stations and on the structural experiments of Xianghongdian and Liuxihe arch dams.He contributed research papers on the new dam type, Abdomen Arch Dam, the earthquake engineering of arch dam, etc.. He was the chief designer of Miyun Reservoir, Qingshiling and Yuzi stream hydropower engineering projects on the Yellow River and Yangtze River, such as Gezhouba, Danjiangkou, Sanmen Gorge, Xiaolangdi and Yangtze Gorges projects, Ertan and Lijia Gorge hydropower stations, and Longtan Hydropower Station on the Red River. He solved many key technological problems for these projects.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

張德慶1900.08.10～1977.10.21

內燃機工程專家。上海寶山人。1923年獲上海交通大學學士學位。1926年獲美國普渡大學碩士學位。第一機械工業部汽車拖拉機研究所所長、研究員。設計制造了第五式綜合白煤爐，為人民交通事業作出了重要貢獻。研制成功代用潤滑油，可用于汽車與機床等。參加了我國科學技術十二年長遠發展規劃的編制工作。在內燃機節能、待用燃料、石油資源的合理利用等方面提出過不少獨到見解。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Combustoin engineering expert. Born in Baoshan, Shanghai.Graduated with BS from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1923.Received MS from Purdue University, USA in 1926. Director and research professor, Automobile and Tractor Institute, First Ministry of Machine-Building Industry.

Zhang designed the fifth type combined white coal furnace, an important contribution to China’s transportation undertakings. The substitute lubricant he successfully developed and fabricated can be used for the automobiles and lathes. He presented much independent insight in the combustion engine energy-saving, substitute fuel and rational use of oil resources. He participated in the drawing of the Twelve-Year Scheme for the Development of Science and Technology.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

邵象華1913.02.22～

鋼鐵冶金學家、鋼鐵工程技術專家。浙江杭州人。1932年畢業于浙江大學。1937年獲英國倫敦大學冶金碩士學位。冶金工業部鋼鐵研究總院教授、技術顧問。抗日戰爭期間主持新型平爐煉鋼廠的設計、施工和生產。1948年起在鞍鋼主持回復生產、建立我國第一代大型鋼廠的生產技術。參與主持大型鋼鐵聯合企業技術管理的奠基工作，負責科研開發方面的工作，對生產技術進步起了重要作用。1959年在研究院主持冶金反應、冶金新工藝、真空熔煉及鐵礦資源綜合利用等方面的一系列科研項目，許多成果在企業中得到應用。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Metallurgist and iron and steel engineering expert. Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Zhejiang University in 1932. Received MS in metallurgy from London University, UK in 1937.Professor and advisor, Iron and Steel Research Institute, Ministry of Metallurgical Industry.

During the Anti-Japanese War, Shao directed the design,construction and production of a modern open-hearth steel plant in Sichuan. From the late 1948, at the newly established Anshan Iron and Steel Company, he made vital contributions to the rehabilitation and restarting of the war-damaged plants, the setting up of a technical administration system for China’s first large integrated steel plant and the inauguration and direction of R&D activities in the Company. Since he joined the Iron and Steel Research Institute in 1958, he has initiated and directed research and

Development projects mainly in the fields of metallurgical reactions, new technological processes, vacuum metallurgy, processes related to the rational exploitation of special ore resources, etc. He serves actively on a number of governmental committees relating to metallurgy.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.