把握生態教育先機，推動青年就業培訓

In the early spring of Beijing， the weather turned cold again after suddenly getting warm. In Beijing International Vocational Education School where there was a sign of early spring， every tree and bush conceived vitality. Just as the saying goes: “We see the world in a flower and a bodhi in a leaf.” Ecological skills training and youth training program rooted in Beijing International Vocational Education School were like those flowers and trees ready to bloom and give out fragrance.

北京的早春二月，乍暖還寒。在春色才露尖尖角的北京國際職業教育學校里，一草一木無不孕育著勃勃生機。正所謂一花一世界，一葉一菩提。恰如這些花草樹木一般，植根于北京國際職業教育學校的生態技能和青年培訓項目正蓄勢待發，欲吐芬芳。

領先生態技能與青年培訓的楷模

On February， 25， 2014， with the spring breeze blowing in Beijing， the haze clocking Beijing was cleared away and the grey and cloudy sky turned into clear blue. Oyebanji Oyeyinka， the Director of the Monitoring and Research Division at UN-HABITAT and Director of UN Youth Empowerment and Urban Ecology Committee， Jiang Mingjun， Director-General of IESCO and Executive Director of UN Youth Empowerment and Urban Ecology Committee and Anantha Krishnan， Senior advisor to UN Youth Empowerment and Urban Ecology Committee and other delegates visited Beijing International Vocational School and had a talk with the teachers and students.

2014年2月25日，陣陣春風吹拂下的北京一掃連日以來的霧霾，灰蒙陰沉的天空再現久違的湛藍如洗。聯合國人居署全球監測中心主任、聯合國青年賦權與城市生態委員會主任歐拉讓·班吉，國際生態安全合作組織總干事、聯合國青年賦權與城市生態委員會執行主任蔣明君，聯合國青年賦權與城市生態委員會高級顧問阿納塔·克里什楠率代表團一行實地考察了北京國際職業教育學校，并與該校師生進行了坐談。

Ideas go first

理念先行

Beijing International Vocational Education School is located in Dongcheng District of Beijing. Combined by the original Beijing School of Finance and Economics and Vocational Education School of Dongcheng District， Beijing International Vocational Education School is a national key vocational school. The reason why Beijing International Vocational Education School can stand out to be the first school to set up Sino-foreign cooperative education programs start courses of English HND and have the qualification to recruit foreign students is closely related to the educational philosophy of focusing on ecological safety and environmental safety education and promoting youth employment training.

北京國際職業教育學校位于北京市東城區，由原北京市財經學校和東城區職業教育學校合并而成，為國家重點職業學校。在中國眾多職業學校中，北京國際職業教育學校能脫穎而出、獨占鰲頭，并成為北京市第一所開辦中外合作辦學項目、開設英文HND課程、具備招收外國學生資質的中等職業學校，這與其注重生態安全、環境安全教育，促進青年就業培訓的辦學理念密不可分。

According to the introduction of Principal Qian Weidong， Beijing International Vocational Education School holds the idea that every student should master a living skill and every youth should have a wonderful life. Youth is the hope of the world. Good living environment is the guarantee of the survival of human beings. While leading youth in study and employment and teaching them in ecological skills and employment， the teachers also guide them to be responsible for ecology and environment， hold awe and respect towards nature， pursue interdependence between human and nature as well as mutual growth and prosperity of humans and nature and teach them the skills of maintaining ecological safety and protecting environment. These are the common missions and responsibilities of all teachers of Beijing International Vocational Education School. “As a national reform and development model school in vocational education， we hope to build it into a platform for young people from all over the world to learn skills and exchange technology， a fertile soil for young people to have employment preparation and social service and a paradise for teachers and students to have mutual development.”

據錢衛東校長介紹，北京國際職業教育學校一貫秉承讓每個學生都掌握一種生存技能、讓每個青年都實現人生精彩的理念。青年人是世界的希望，但良好的生態環境才是人類賴以生存的保證。如今，在引領青年人學習和就業，在教授青年人生態技能和就業的同時，引導他們對生態負責、對環境負責，敬畏與尊重自然環境，追求人與自然的相互依存、相互促進與和諧共榮，教給他們如何維護生態安全，保護環境的技能，已然成為北京國際職業教育學校每一個為人師者的共同使命與責任。“作為國家重點中等職業教育改革發展示范學校，我們希望通過不懈的努力將學校建設成為各國青年相互學習技能、相互交流技術的平臺，成為青年人進行就業準備、社會服務的沃土，成為師生們共同發展的樂園。”

Excellent facilities， faculty and students

軟硬件并行

Beijing International Vocational Education School’s headquarters is in Beijing’s central urban area， close to Tiananmen Square. Its branch campuses are in Beijing Railway Station， Drum-tower， Hepingli and Andingmen areas. Walking in the campuses， you can see all kinds of modern education facilities with beautiful natural environment and profound cultural deposits. Although the campuses are not very spacious， they have their own styles and are convenient for people. The green plants， teaching buildings， training rooms， stairs， canteens and gyms all manifest the generosity and the feeling of human kindness. For example， the students’ canteen is not very big， but it is very warm and sweet. No matter in corners or conspicuous places， Beijing International Vocational Education School reveals natural and humane exquisite pictures. The reporter was impressed by the hardware of the school as well as the students’ high and youthful spirits who talked with UN officers in fluent English. It is these advantages of software and hardware that ensure the high teaching quality of the school and students’ wide career prospects.

北京國際職業教育學校總部處于北京中心城區、緊鄰天安門廣場，分部延伸至北京站校區、鼓樓校區、和平里校區和安定門校區，這一布局堪稱教育界的大手筆。走進各大校區，各類現代化教育設施應有盡有，優美迷人的自然環境縈繞四周，深厚濃重的文化底蘊撲面而來。雖然這里的空間堪稱寸土寸金，但無論是路旁綠植，還是教學樓，實訓室，樓梯間，食堂，體育館，學校仍不忘細節處彰顯大氣與人情味。例如，這里的學生食堂，空間雖不算大，卻溫馨如家。無論在角落里，還是在顯眼處，北京國際職業教育學校展示出來的皆是一幅幅或自然、或人文的精美畫卷。令記者欽佩的不僅僅是學校的硬件，還有這里的師生用流利的英文與聯合國官員交談時所展現出來的那份神采飛揚，以及學生們求知若渴的那份朝氣蓬勃。正是這些軟硬件優勢，成就了該校優質的教學質量，也鋪就了學生們廣闊的就業前景。

President Qian Weidong said: in recent three years， the country put in more than 40 million yuan， which improved the conditions of the school to a great extent. They built many modern training bases for different purposes， such as training base for finance， costume， tourism and international business in order to provide the most advanced equipment for youths in high-tech training. Now， the school has 5 specialty groups and 17 sections. Among those majors， computer networking technology section is a demonstrating model in Beijing; the finance section is one of the backbones; tourism service and management， clothing display and protocol and international business sections are famous in Beijing. Besides， the school has in-depth cooperation with many foreign schools， introduces high quality courses， teaching materials and evaluation criteria， employs many foreign teachers and opens a direct passage to many international professional certificates.

“Our 15 sections are aimed at technical training for youth education. Our school receives about 7，000 youths for technical training with degree or non-degree education every year. Their employment rate reaches above 98%. It makes great contributions to youth employment and sustainable development.

錢衛東校長介紹說，近三年來，國家累計經費投入達四千多萬元，極大地改善了學校辦學條件。新建了很多現代化的實訓基地，如金融實訓基地、服裝實訓基地、旅游實訓基地、國際商務實訓基地等，為青年在學校進行技術培訓提供了最先進的技術設備。發展至今，學校已擁有五大專業群，十七個專業。其中，計算機網絡技術專業是北京市示范專業，金融事務專業是北京市骨干特色專業，旅游服務與管理、服裝展示與禮儀、國際商務（中外合辦）等專業已成為全市知名品牌，引領示范作用凸顯。此外，學校還與多所國外院校建立深度合作，引入優質課程、教材與評價標準，并常年聘用多名外籍教師，開啟了中等職業教育與國際通用高等職業資格證書有效銜接的直通車。

“我們開辦有15個專業針對青年教育技術培訓，學校每年接受學歷教育技術培訓的和非學歷教育技術培訓的青年近7000人，青年的就業率達到了98%以上，為解決青年就業、實現可持續發展做出了重要貢獻。

Find the crux

找準癥結

In President Qian Weidong’s view， in order to solve the youth employment effectively and realize sustainable development， we must study carefully the types of youth unemployment and the causes， and then solve the problems， so as to realize youth empowerment and urban ecological safety.

在錢衛東校長看來，要想真正有效解決青年就業，實現可持續發展，還必須認真研究青年失業的種類及其產生的原因，并加以應對和解決，這樣才能實現青年賦權和城市生態安全。

Through President Qian Weidong and other faculty’s research and analysis， they find that there are five main kinds of causes of youth unemployment. First， structural unemployment caused by the inconsistence between the economic structure and labor structure. The primary cause is that the design of education and training programs lacks predictability， which just meets the needs of youth employment temporarily. In face of industry upgrading， economic structure adjustment and new technology， they can’t apply their skills to work， which eventually leads to youth’s structural unemployment. Second， the frictional unemployment caused by the normal flow of workforce and new workforce. The fundamental reason for frictional unemployment is the lack of information. Third， technological unemployment caused by the old fashioned mode， training skills and hardware facilities of education and training. When students graduate， they become unemployed. Fourth， conceptual unemployment caused by single design of education and training， which focuses on the current technical training and lacks the comprehensive quality education. Fifth， regional unemployment caused by the asymmetry in geographical distribution between workers and posts due to the lack of systematic communication between regional educational trainings.

通過錢衛東校長等教職人員的調研與認真分析發現，造成青年失業的原因主要有五大類。第一，經濟結構與勞動力結構不一致所引起的結構性失業。根本原因是教育培訓的項目設計還缺乏可預見性，僅僅滿足青年一時就業的需求，當產業升級換代、經濟結構調整、新技術應用于生產等因素發生時，學到的技能不適應工作而失業，最終形成了部分青年的結構性技能失業。第二，由于勞動力正常流動及新加入勞動力尋找工作而引起的摩擦性失業，造成摩擦性失業的根本原因是信息不暢。第三，教育培訓方式陳舊、培訓人員技能落伍、培訓硬件設施落后形成青年技術性失業，學生畢業即失業。第四，教育培訓內容設計單一，僅僅著重眼前技能性培訓，缺乏對青年綜合素質教育，形成青年觀念性失業。第五，區域教育培訓之間缺乏系統的溝通，形成了勞動者地域分布與崗位地域分布不對稱而造成地域性失業。

Find correct ways to solve problems

對癥下藥

Altering the methods of education and the status quo of employment training has become the aspiration of every staff in Beijing International Vocational Education School. Qian Weidong told the reporter that the previous methods adopted by the school show that future youth education and training could be improved as follows:

改變青年人的教育方式和就業培訓的現狀，已然成為北京國際職業教育學校每一位教職員工的心愿。錢衛東告訴記者，總結學校之前的一些教育方法，今后的青年教育培訓工作可以從以下五個方面努力：

First， the programs of education and skill training should be visionary and have regional characteristics. Thus， in order to adapt to the regional economic development of Beijing and Dongcheng District， Beijing International Vocational Education School has adjusted the professional orientation and focuses on the construction of computing and network technology section focusing on information service， tourism and management section focusing on modern service， clothing display and etiquette section focusing on creative culture industry， and international business section focusing on business service. Relevant specialty groups have been initially developed and a professional structure that is suitable for the economic structure of Beijing and Dongcheng District in next 20 years has formed， which highlights the cluster competitive advantage of the development of specialties and improves youths’ competitive strength in future employment market.

第一，教育技術培訓開展的項目應具備鮮明的前瞻性和區域性。為此，北京國際職業教育學校調整了專業辦學方向，重點建設了適應北京市和東城區區域經濟發展的以信息服務類為主的計算機網絡技術專業，以現代服務類為主的旅游與管理專業，以文化創意產業為主的服裝展示與禮儀專業以商務服務為主的國際商務專業，并在此基礎上初步形成相關專業集群，形成了與北京市及東城區區域經濟結構未來二十年相適應的專業結構，形成專業發展的集群優勢，提高了青年人在未來市場上的競爭力。

Second， the school should pay close attention to the employment information in the process of economic development in China and Beijing， and recommend youths who have completed the skill training programs in Beijing International Vocational Education School， so that frictional unemployment caused by the lack of information can be avoided. Beijing International Vocational Education School holds demand-and-supply meetings for graduates and employers every year. It also holds various large activities and receives visiting groups from all over China and the world to promote the brand of the school.

第二，學校應高度關注中國及北京經濟發展的各種用工信息，及時推薦在北京國際職業教育學校經過技術培訓的青年，防止因信息不暢而出現青年摩擦性失業。北京國際職業教育學校每年都舉辦用人單位與畢業生的供需見面會。舉辦各種大型活動，擴大學校知名度。接待來自世界和全國各地的參觀訪問團體。

Third， the whole society should attach importance to the construction of vocational schools. With the support and help from the governments， Beijing International Vocational Education School has established the most advanced modern cooking training base， landscape training base， computer network training base， and preschool education training base. Professionals are hired to be mentors. It also regulates that professional teachers must have two months of practice or internship every year to know new skills and new techniques. A practice orientated curriculum reform has been conducted in cooperation with society. In curriculum design， many relevant selective courses have been set up. In recent years， Beijing International Vocational Education School has also made use of the advanced teaching resources to provide skill training and education to disabled youths in need of special care， which allows them to learn advanced skill and start careers they prefer the same as healthy youths.

第三，全社會都應重視職業學校的建設。在政府的大力支持與幫助下，北京國際職業教育學校建設了目前最先進的現代化烹飪實訓基地、園林實訓基地、計算機網絡實訓基地和學前教育實訓基地，聘請專業人員任教，規定專業教師必須每年有兩個月實踐實習時間，以便及時了解新技術、新工藝。與社會合作共同開展以實踐為導向的課程改革，在課程設計上，開設多種相近、相關專業選修課程。近年來，北京國際職業教育學校還利用學校先進的教育資源，免費為殘障青年們開展技術教育培訓，使他們可以向身體健全的青年一樣，掌握先進的技術技能，從事他們喜歡的職業。

Fourth， the long-term and stable employment of youths should be the major reflection of their comprehensive qualities. Beijing International Vocational Education School trains youths well to get jobs， and requires them to maintain their jobs with comprehensive professional qualities， respond to possible changes of jobs with extensive professional foundation， and create jobs independently with the qualities of entrepreneurship when socioeconomic structure changes drastically.

第四，青年實現長期穩定的就業應是其綜合素質的集中體現。北京國際職業教育學校要求培養出的青年人應憑借嫻熟的職業技能贏得崗位，憑借綜合的職業素養保住崗位，憑借寬泛的職業基礎應對可能出現的崗位轉變，憑借良好創業的素質在社會經濟結構發生重大變化時能獨自創立崗位。

Fifth， we should enhance the radiation function of education and training resources and establish regional cooperation under the guidance of the government to realize complementary advantages. Therefore， Beijing International Vocational Education School has cooperated with Xiajin and Fanxian County of Shandon Province， and Nanyang of Henan Province to utilize the resources of the school to train the local youths and equip them with a particular proficiency， which enables them to get stable jobs in Beijing.

第五，加大教育培訓資源的輻射作用，在政府主導下開展區域合作，實現優勢互補。為此，北京國際職業教育學校先后與山東的夏津、范縣，河南的南陽等地開展合作，利用學校教育資源培養當地青年，使他們掌握適應北京發展的一技之長，從而實現其在北京的穩定就業。

In view of the consistent efforts made by Beijing International Vocational Education School in aspects of international communication， ecological skills training and youth employment promotion， International Ecological Safety Collaborative Organization will make further efforts together with the school to promote ecological safety， environmental protection education and technological training and employment for the youth.

For future development， Principal Qian Weidong pointed out that they want to strengthen the cooperation with IESCO focusing on the followings: 1. To bring ecological safety， environmental safety and sustainable development into the contents of youth skill education; 2. To enhance international understanding education and transcultural education， establish greater employment outlook and carry out international exchanges and collaboration; 3. To improve education on entrepreneurship and help youth raise entrepreneurship awareness， advance related skills and enrich business knowledge; 4. To intensify training for modern information technology and help youth become high-quality workers who can master various technologies on the platform of internet information technology.

Among the secondary vocational schools home and abroad， Beijing International Vocational Education School grasps the initiative to combine ecological safety， youth training and school development in one with a broad and long-term view， which is indeed a model in leading ecological skills and youth employment.

鑒于北京國際職業教育學校在開展國際交流、生態技能培訓、促進青年就業方面所做出的不懈努力，國際生態安全合作組織與北京國際職業教育學校將進一步推動生態安全、環境保護教育，促進青年技術培訓與就業。

對于未來的發展，錢衛東校長還指出，希望加強與國際生態安全合作組織的合作，并更加關注以下幾個方面的工作：1、將生態安全、環境安全、可持續發展納入青年技術教育內容；2、增加國際理解教育和跨文化教育，樹立大就業觀，開展國際間的交流與合作；3、加強創業教育內容，增強青年創業意識，提高創業技能，豐富創業知識。4、加大現代信息技術培訓，培養青年在互聯網信息技術平臺上，能靈活運用各種技術的高素質勞動者。

在中國乃至世界的諸多中等職業學校中，北京國際職業教育學校能夠把握先機，高瞻遠矚地將生態安全和青年培訓與學校發展融為一體，著實是領先生態技能和青年就業的楷模。