種族歧視危害重重

Social discrimination will lead to social cleavage； the increasing social contrast in the cleavage will make racial issue be into vicious circle”， some experts said. Washington Post asserted that， racial problem in America is like an active volcano that will explode at any time. A football player from Ghana in AC Milan showed the same opinion and he stressed hatefully that “Racial discrimination is a dangerous and fast spread virus and people’s indifference and inaction make it stronger.”

“種族歧視必將造成社會(huì)裂痕，在此裂痕中社會(huì)矛盾的日益加劇會(huì)使得種族問題陷入惡性循環(huán)”，有專家如此表示。而《華盛頓郵報(bào)》更斷言，種族問題在美國(guó)猶如一座活火山，隨時(shí)都會(huì)爆發(fā)。來自AC米蘭的一位加納球星也對(duì)此表達(dá)了相同觀點(diǎn)，他深惡痛絕地強(qiáng)調(diào)：“種族歧視是危險(xiǎn)又傳播迅速的病毒，人們的漠不關(guān)心和無所作為將讓它變得更強(qiáng)?！?/p>

Intensified polarization and

stopped integrative development

兩級(jí)分化加劇，融合發(fā)展停滯

In the eye of Xu Kaibin， a scholar in America， taking the country as an example， the most serious impact of racial discrimination is undoubtedly -- the current situation of stronger social polarization.

He described his experience in Philadelphia when teaching， “The settlement of millions blacks at the north of the city （blacks cover 50% of the city’s population）， is so dilapidated that it looks like in Africa. Since my university is at the north part， so I hear and witness the poverty and mess of black communities. Black people are always engaged in low-paying jobs like doorkeepers and dustmen， while professors and students are mostly white people.”

在旅美學(xué)者徐開彬的眼里，以美國(guó)為例，由種族歧視導(dǎo)致的危害首當(dāng)其沖的無疑是——社會(huì)兩級(jí)分化日益明顯的現(xiàn)狀。

他如此描述了自己在費(fèi)城教書時(shí)的所見所聞，“北邊半個(gè)費(fèi)城是近百萬黑人聚居地（黑人占費(fèi)城總?cè)丝?0%），社區(qū)之破敗，令我們感嘆如同到了非洲。由于所在大學(xué)位于費(fèi)城北邊，所以我對(duì)周邊黑人社區(qū)的貧困、臟亂耳聞目睹。黑人往往從事低薪工作，比如學(xué)校每棟教學(xué)樓守門的門衛(wèi)、清潔工全部是黑人，教授基本是白人，學(xué)生也絕大多數(shù)是白人。”

Earlier， the report of Pew Research Center in America called the Unfinished Dream of Martin Luther King： Racial difference still exists said， in realizing racial equality， 49% think that， the gap between African-Americans and white people in income， family asset and social status is not narrowed down but widened. What’s more， 49% think that “it needs to do more” to realize racial equality， but black people with this opinion cover 79%.

Zhang Juguo， associate professor of institute of history of Nankai University said， in 1990， black students covered 90% of 3/4 black student schools. “Poor teacher qualities， lack of funds， drugs and violence cause low quality of schools of black people. Besides， black unemployment is high as well as their dependence on welfare. Compared with white people， the gap in income and asset is widening. In 2011， the average income of black average household is only 59% of that of white ones. At the same time， the injustice of the judicial system of the United States shows in the difference on same problem， such as over speed， white men may just get warning， while black men may be threatened or even arrested and convicted black people are 7 times of that of white people.”

He also stressed that， it is because racial discrimination caused social inequality that as long as there is racial issue， it will unleash the public outrage and empathy of all black American.

早前，來自美國(guó)皮尤研究中心關(guān)于《馬丁·路德·金未完成的夢(mèng)想：種族差異依然存在》的報(bào)告中提到，在實(shí)現(xiàn)種族平等方面，49%的人認(rèn)為，在收入、家庭資產(chǎn)、社會(huì)地位等方面，非裔與白人之間的差距不但沒有縮小，反而越拉越大。此外，49%的人認(rèn)為還要“做出更多的努力”才能實(shí)現(xiàn)種族平等，但持有此觀點(diǎn)的黑人數(shù)量則達(dá)到79%。

對(duì)此，中國(guó)南開大學(xué)歷史學(xué)院副教授張聚國(guó)也表示，1990年，大約3/4的黑人學(xué)生所在的學(xué)校，黑人學(xué)生達(dá)到90%以上?！敖處熕刭|(zhì)差、教育經(jīng)費(fèi)不足，吸毒和暴力肆虐等原因造成了黑人學(xué)校的教學(xué)質(zhì)量低下。此外，黑人失業(yè)率高，依靠福利比例高。家庭收入和家庭財(cái)富與白人相較，差距呈現(xiàn)不斷擴(kuò)大的態(tài)勢(shì)。2011年，黑人中等家庭的平均收入只有白人家庭平均收入的59%。同時(shí)，美國(guó)司法制度的不公正則顯示在對(duì)待相同的問題如超速時(shí)，白人可能只是警告，黑人則會(huì)遭受恐嚇，甚至逮捕，而被定罪的黑人是白人的7倍?！?/p>

同時(shí)，他也強(qiáng)調(diào)，正因種族歧視導(dǎo)致了如此的社會(huì)不平等，才使得一旦出現(xiàn)種族事件必然會(huì)激發(fā)出全美黑人的公憤和共鳴。

Deepened social hostility and turbulent public security

社會(huì)仇視加深，治安陷入動(dòng)蕩

Just as the words above， the event of African-American youth shot dead by white policeman and the result of no prosecution of white policemen sparked massive protests in the United States.

According to foreign media， protests in Washington held high the placard of “stopping policemen’s racial discrimination” and “return justice to the society” and sat quietly at the White House； protests in New York occupied three bridges connecting Manhattan Island and other places； protests in Atlanta screamed， “they don’t give us justice， we will not give them peace”； millions of people in Los Angeles gathered together at the police headquarters and some of them threw bottles to the police； the protest in Ferguson was a riot. Some emotional youths even set fire on a police car and also there were tear gas and other objects. Statistics showed that， on November， 25th， from east coast to middle part to west coast， there were 170 cities in this country set off protests.

如上所言，非裔青年遭白人警察擊斃的事件，以及白人警察免遭起訴的結(jié)果，引發(fā)了美國(guó)大面積抗議聲浪。

據(jù)外媒報(bào)道，華盛頓抗議者高舉“停止警察種族歧視”、“還社會(huì)公正”的標(biāo)語牌在白宮前靜坐；紐約抗議隊(duì)伍占領(lǐng)了連接曼哈頓島和其他地方的三座大橋；亞特蘭大的抗議者更嘶喊著，“他們不給我們公正，我們就不給他們和平”；洛杉磯的數(shù)百民眾聚集在警察總局門前，有人還向警察隊(duì)伍不斷投擲水瓶等物品；弗格森鎮(zhèn)的抗議活動(dòng)則呈現(xiàn)騷亂態(tài)勢(shì)。甚至有少數(shù)情緒激動(dòng)的年輕人向一輛警車縱火，催淚彈、投擲物也不時(shí)出現(xiàn)。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，11月25日，從美國(guó)東海岸、中部到西海岸，全美170多座城市掀起了抗議活動(dòng)。

Before Christmas， these protests brought the crisis between the police and the people in America to a new peak.

On December 20th， two policemen in New York were shot dead， including an ethnic Chinese. The violent action of the gun shooter made people chilling and the African-American man said his action is the revenge for American policemen continuously killing black people. One day later， another policeman was shot dead when executing the task. Besides， a daughter of a killed African-American published the information of the white policeman who killed her father online and called for the revenge for her father.

而在圣誕節(jié)前，這些抗議聲浪又將美國(guó)的警民危機(jī)推向了新的頂點(diǎn)。

12月20日，紐約市兩名警察遭遇槍殺，其中包括一名華裔警察在內(nèi)，槍殺者采取的暴力行為令人不寒而栗，該名非裔歹徒聲稱他的舉動(dòng)是對(duì)美國(guó)警察接連殺害黑人事件的報(bào)復(fù)行為。一天之后，另一名警察在執(zhí)行任務(wù)中又被人槍殺。此外，某位被擊斃的非裔人士的女兒，在網(wǎng)上公布?xì)⒑λ赣H的白人警察資料，并呼吁大家為她父親報(bào)仇。

Radio France Internationale reported that， nowadays， American policemen are all nervous and hold their guns even at dinner or during sleep. Ordinary people show great panic when facing chaotic social order caused by racial discrimination. “Where is social justice？” “How can ordinary people’s life and property be guaranteed？”

Famous American black civil rights leader Al Sharpton said any actions that combine African-American youths’ death with policemen’s being shot shall all be condemned when he denounced the racial discrimination， “it runs counter to the pursuit of justice.”

據(jù)法國(guó)國(guó)際廣播電臺(tái)報(bào)道，目前美國(guó)的警察個(gè)個(gè)神經(jīng)緊繃，吃飯睡覺都手按槍柄。而對(duì)由種族歧視導(dǎo)致的混亂社會(huì)治安，普通民眾則表現(xiàn)出極大的恐慌，“社會(huì)正義在何方？”、“普通人的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全該如何得到保障？”

美國(guó)著名的黑人民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖艾爾·沙普頓在嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)種族歧視暴行的同時(shí)表示，任何把非裔青年遇害與槍殺警察行徑聯(lián)系在一起的行為都應(yīng)受到譴責(zé)，“它與對(duì)正義的追求背道而馳”。