賓語從句之通關秘籍

趙錦秀

一、 賓語從句的定義

在復合句中，置于及物動詞、介詞或某些形容詞后起賓語作用的從句叫賓語從句。如

He told me that hell leave for Shanghai tomorrow.

Im thinking of whether I should join the club.

Im afraid that I cant come this afternoon.

二、 引導詞的用法

引導賓語從句的詞叫引導詞。

1.當由陳述句充當賓語從句時，用that引導，that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：He said (that) he could finish his work before supper．

注意：在以下情況下that不能省略

（1）當主句的謂語動詞后接多個由that引導的賓語從句時，第一個that可省略，但是后面的that不可省略。如：She said (that) you were too young to understand the problem and that he was asked not to tell you.

( 2)當主句的謂語動詞與that引導的賓語從句之間有插入語時， that一般不可省略。如：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that the girl was wearing a ring.

( 3)當that所引導的賓語從句是主句的雙賓語中的直接賓語時， that不可省略。如：

I cant tell her that her mother died.

注意：當主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, except等詞時，常常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句表示。如：I dont think (that) you are right.

注意：在帶復合賓語的句子中，that引導的賓語從句放到句尾，而用it做形式主語。如：I find it necessary that we should do our homework on time.

2.當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為“是否”。如：

I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．

注意：在以下情況下只能用whether

(1)在具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時,如：

Let me know whether or not he will come．

I wonder whether we stay or whether we go．

(2)在介詞之后用whether.如：I'm interested in whether she likes English．

(3)在不定式前用whether.如： I don't know whether to go．

(4)whether置于句首時，不能換用if.如：Whether this is true or not，I can't say．

(5)若用if會引起歧義時，則用whether. 如:

Please let me know if you like the book．可理解為：“你如果喜歡這本書，請告訴我”或“請告訴我你是否喜歡這本書”。Please let me know whether you like the book．

注意：引導否定概念的賓語從句時只能用if.如： Shi asked if I didnt come to the party yesterday.

3.如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞（代詞：who, whose, what, which, whom等；副詞：when, where, how, why等）引導。如：

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting yesterday？

【典型例題】

1.（2013浙江麗水第29題）-Im going to buy a car. Any advice, Charlie?

-Well, it depends on_________. If money isnt a problem, you can buy a BMW.

A. when you will buy one

B. how much you can afford

C. what color you like

D. where you are driving.

【答案】B

【解析】考查賓語從句中連接詞的用法。根據(jù)下文語境“如果錢不是問題的話，你可以買一輛寶馬”，可以推出此處應為：這取決于你能支付多少錢。和選項B相符，所以選B。……