·病句糾錯·

汪臻

【作文題】

規則是社會文明的標志，遵守規則應當從小事做起。請根據下面的提綱，用英語寫一篇短文向英語報English Times投稿，簡要敘述上周一下午你在學校閱覽室做作業時看到的不遵守規則的現象，并談談你的看法。

●When and why were you in the reading room？

●What did you notice there？ （e.g. Students talking loudly， ...）

●What is your opinion？

注意：短文的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數。

Rules are important in our daily life. Following rules actually starts with very small acts， in the school reading room for example.

【下面的病句來自同學的習作，你能找出其中的錯誤嗎？】

●When I was studying in the reading room last Monday afternoon， I noticed someone didnt follow the rules.

提示中的students規定了必須表達“有些人不遵守規則”的意思，但someone意為“某個人”，所以句子表達有誤。同學們經常把someone和somebody錯當成復數（某些人）來使用，這一點應該注意避免。

正確的表述應該是：When I was studying in the reading room last Monday afternoon， I noticed some students didnt follow the rules.

● There were many students ignored the rules.

這位同學想使用there be句型表達“有許多學生（在閱覽室）不遵守規則”的意思，但是修飾students的定語從句ignored the rules缺少引導詞，導致句中出現兩個謂語there were和ignored。

為了解決這一問題，可以直接刪去there were，改為Many students ignored the rules；也可以在ignored之前加上who，改為There were many students who ignored the rule，who既是從句的引導詞，又擔任從句的主語。從上下文語境看，后者強調了“忽視規則的學生”的存在，更恰當。

● I found some phenomena that broke the rules of the reading room.

是誰broke the rules of the reading room？that引導的同位語從句缺少主語，導致句子表意不清。應改為：

I found some phenomena that many students broke the rules of the reading room.

● Some students talking loudly， and some students even eat snacks inside the room.

talking是現在分詞形式，不能作謂語，所以前半個分句缺少謂語動詞。出現這樣的錯誤顯然是不假思索照抄提示中students talking loudly造成的。后半個分句中eat的時態也不正確。正確的表述應該是：

Some students were talking loudly， and some were even eating snacks inside the room.

● Smell of the food was full of the whole reading room.

這位同學想表達“食物的氣味充斥著整個閱覽室”的意思，而be full of意為“（被）……填滿”，如此一來，句意成了“食物的氣味被整個閱覽室填滿”，完全不合邏輯。正確的表述應該是：

The whole reading room was full of the smell of the food.

或：The smell of the food filled the whole reading room.

或：The whole reading room was filled with the smell of food.

● Only can we follow the rules， the reading room can be much better.

only修飾狀語且“only +狀語”的結構放在句首時，主句需要倒裝。我們都清楚這一規則，但是在實際寫作中，同學們往往胡亂使用only開頭的倒裝句。