通用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)平臺中的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸設(shè)計(jì)與性能測試

羅旭　張偉　卜世俊

摘要：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)平臺是完整的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的大腦，承擔(dān)著核心的多傳感器數(shù)據(jù)接入、融合、處理、優(yōu)化和控制的功能，它與傳統(tǒng)事務(wù)處理型數(shù)據(jù)中心的區(qū)別和設(shè)計(jì)挑戰(zhàn)主要是如何在保持高并發(fā)的同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)較低延遲的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)處理。該文針對物聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)平臺的設(shè)計(jì)需求，提出了實(shí)時(shí)和非實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)通路分離的設(shè)計(jì)方案，并采用發(fā)布/訂閱機(jī)制實(shí)現(xiàn)底層的分布式消息傳輸以實(shí)現(xiàn)高吞吐、低時(shí)延、高靈活性的目標(biāo)，該模式可很好的支持服務(wù)平臺內(nèi)部的多種消息傳輸模式和上層應(yīng)用。原形系統(tǒng)采用Java開發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明在24GB內(nèi)存的服務(wù)器上達(dá)到9萬個(gè)TCP連接，且端到端傳輸時(shí)延平均在10-18ms，結(jié)論上該方案可較好的滿足實(shí)際物聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)平臺的技術(shù)需求。

關(guān)鍵詞：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)；通用服務(wù)平臺設(shè)計(jì)；實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸；分布式消息服務(wù)；性能測試

中圖分類號：TP311.52 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A 文章編號：1009-3044（2014）35-8379-04

Real-time Data Transmission Design and Performance Test in General Iot Service Platform

LUO Xu， ZHANG Wei， BU Shi-jun

（Department of Control Science and Engineering， School of Electronics and Information Engineering， Tongji University， Shanghai 201804，China）

Abstract：The Service platform is the central brain of a complete Internet-of-Things applications. It fulfills the tasks of sensor data collection， fusion， processing， control and optimization. The design of such IoT service platform differs greatly from traditional transaction-oriented data center such as the credit processing service in the bank. The designer has to balance the high concurrency and low latency requirements. This paper firstly analyzes the requirements of IoT service platform， and proposes a common design pattern which includes separate real-time and non-real-time data path. Furthermore， a publishing/subscribing based low level distributed message service is included to achieve low latency， high throughput and flexibility to support various upper level tasks. The prototype is developed by Java and has been tested with a small network in lab environment. It can accept 90，000 TCP connections simultaneously on a 24GB memory server. The average end to end transmission delay is between 10 and 18ms. The testing indicates the solution can satisfy the requirements of most typical Iot service platforms.

Key words：Internet-of-things； general service platform design； real-time data transmission； distributed message service； performance test

隨著大規(guī)模集成電路、低功耗無線通信、微型傳感器等支撐技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)在繼計(jì)算機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之后，成為IT領(lǐng)域發(fā)展的重點(diǎn)，它通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)互聯(lián)大量的傳感器、物品標(biāo)識與定位裝置、執(zhí)行器等設(shè)備，實(shí)現(xiàn)物與物之間的信息交互[1-2]，并進(jìn)而通過傳感器與執(zhí)行器擴(kuò)展到與環(huán)境和人的交互，實(shí)現(xiàn)人、機(jī)、物三元世界的融合[3]，推動整個(gè)世界向著自動化、智能化的世界進(jìn)步。

物聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)平臺是完整的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的大腦，承擔(dān)著核心的多傳感器數(shù)據(jù)匯聚、融合、處理、優(yōu)化和控制的功能，它與傳統(tǒng)事務(wù)處理型數(shù)據(jù)中心的區(qū)別和設(shè)計(jì)挑戰(zhàn)主要是如何在保持高并發(fā)的同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)較低延遲的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)處理[3-4]，并有能力面向用戶需求提供豐富的通信模式?！?br>