李艷榮,郭蓮怡
遼寧醫學院附屬第一醫院,遼寧錦州 121001
潰瘍性結腸炎患者外周血T細胞表面CD4+CD45+分子表達的變化及臨床意義
李艷榮,郭蓮怡
遼寧醫學院附屬第一醫院,遼寧錦州 121001
目的探討潰瘍性結腸炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)患者外周血T細胞表面CD4+CD45+分子的表達及臨床價值。方法選取2012年3月- 2013年12月于我院消化科住院治療的UC患者80例,其中輕度活動期27例,中度活動期28例,重度活動期25例,健康對照組80例,用流式細胞儀分別檢測各期患者及對照組外周血T細胞表面CD4+CD45+分子的百分含量,并進行比較以判斷病情輕重。結果外周血CD4+CD45+T細胞表達含量,UC組為52.93%±3.64%,對照組為41.34%±2.94%,UC組高于對照組(t=-22.159,P<0.05);輕度活動期為50.99%±1.45%,中度活動期為52.66%±1.41%,重度活動期為55.18%±2.18%,中度活動期高于輕度活動期,重度活動期高于中度活動期,各組間比較,F=39.850(P<0.05)。結論外周血CD4+CD45+T細胞表達含量,UC組高于對照組,且隨著病情加重而明顯增高,對臨床診斷及判斷病情有指導意義。
潰瘍性結腸炎;CD4+CD45+調節性T細胞;流式細胞儀;免疫調節
潰瘍性結腸炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)是一種常見腸道炎癥性疾病,病變主要累及黏膜和黏膜下層,多位于遠端直腸和結腸,但可向近側延伸,甚至遍布整個結腸,臨床上表現為慢性病程,癥狀為腹瀉或便秘,排黏液膿血便,里急后重,伴或不伴腹痛,反復發作。該病的病因和發病機制尚不十分明確[1]。目前認為,其發病是環境、遺傳、感染、免疫、精神、腸道菌群及過敏等多種因素共同作用的結果,免疫失調是其發病的關鍵因素[2]。近年來發現,CD4+CD45+調節性T細胞(regulatory T cells,Tregs)在UC患者發病中起著重要作用[3]。本文研究80例UC患者外周血T細胞表面CD4+CD45+分子的表達,其范圍為52.93%±3.64%,明顯高于80例健康對照者的范圍(41.34%±2.94%),為臨床診斷提供了依據。
1 研究對象 隨機選取2012年3月- 2013年12月于我院消化科住院治療的活動期UC患者80例,其中男44例,女36例,年齡32 ~ 66(49±3)歲,診斷標準參照2012年中華醫學會消化病學分會炎癥性腸病學組于廣州達成的我國炎癥性腸病診斷與治療的共識意見(2012年)[4],按照SutherlandDAI[5]分期,其中輕度活動期27例,中度活動期28例,重度活動期25例。健康對照組為正常的健康志愿者80例,其中男41例,女39例,年齡27 ~ 61(47±4)歲,無自身免疫性疾病病史,無家族遺傳性疾病史,入選時無腹瀉。兩組年齡、性別差異有統計學意義。
2 儀器與試劑 人Ficoll淋巴細胞分離液購自上海新睿生物科技有限公司,FITC標記的抗人CD4、PE標記的抗人CD45抗體均購自上海裕平生物科技有限公司,RPMI1640培養液購自GibcoBRL公司,流式細胞儀FACScantoⅡ購自美國Becton-Dickinson(BD)公司。
3 方法 收集對照組受試者和UC組患者清晨空腹條件下靜脈血各5 ml,采血管中加入肝素抗凝。血標本采集6 h內應用Ficoll密度梯度離心法,以1 500 r/min的速度離心分離出外周血單個核細胞(peripheral blood mononuelear cell,PBMC),經200目濾布濾過,制成單細胞懸液。用RPMI 1640完全培養基-2洗滌2次,將細胞濃度調整到1×105/ml,加入異硫氰酸熒光素(fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)標記的CD4抗體和PE標記的CD45抗體,常溫孵育30 min,加入PBS液洗滌2次,速度為2 000 r/min,離心5 min后棄去上清液,準備上機。應用FACScantoⅡ流式細胞儀進行檢測,用同型對照做陰性對照消除自發熒光,用空白對照消除非特異熒光,設門劃出擬定的淋巴細胞群,根據設定的CD4與CD45單抗分析結合其陽性細胞數及百分比,在雙參數圖上得到CD4+CD45+細胞的百分比。
4 統計學分析 數據采用-x±s表示,應用SPSS 17.0統計軟件處理,采用t檢驗,組間比較采用方差分析,P<0.05為差異有統計學意義。
1 外周血CD4+CD45+T細胞表達含量,UC組為52.93%±3.64%,對照組為41.34%±2.94%,UC組高于對照組(t=-22.159,P<0.05),為臨床診斷提供了依據。見圖1。
2 UC各活動期外周血CD4+CD45+T細胞表達含量UC組輕度活動期27例,中度活動期28例,重度活動期25例,輕度活動期為50.99%±1.45%,中度活動期為52.66%±1.41%,重度活動期為55.18%±2.18%,中度活動期高于輕度活動期,重度活動期高于中度活動期,各組間比較,F=39.850(P<0.05),隨著病情加重,外周血CD4+CD45+T細胞表達含量明顯升高,對判斷病情有指導意義。見圖2。

圖 1 對照組與UC組外周血CD4+CD45+T細胞表達含量比較(aP<0.05, vs controls)Fig. 1 Comparison of peripheral blood CD4+CD45+T cells expression content between the control group and the UC group (aP<0.05, vs controls)

圖 2 疾病各活動期患者外周血CD4+CD45+T細胞表達含量比較(aP<0.05,bP<0.05,cP<0.01, vs其他組)Fig. 2 Comparison of peripheral blood CD4+CD45+T cells expression content between different activity periods of diseaseaP<0.05,bP<0.05,cP<0.01, vs other activity periods
潰瘍性結腸炎是一種常見的直腸和結腸慢性炎癥性疾病,國內外學者研究發現,腸道黏膜免疫系統的異常反應是其發病的重要因素,腸黏膜免疫系統失衡可導致免疫防御的破壞[6]。細菌或非細菌的抗原誘導激活腸道黏膜免疫細胞,并分化、成熟后移行到腸黏膜上皮細胞和固有層,產生免疫應答,抵御有害物質的入侵[7-8]。腸黏膜組織內淋巴細胞的異常激活,即為適應性免疫,適應性免疫由許多因素參與完成,其中T細胞是非常重要的免疫活性細胞[9]。
CD4+CD45+T細胞屬于調節性T細胞,CD4+在抗原識別受體中能起到輔助作用,CD45+在多種細胞表面均有表達,比如血細胞、腫瘤細胞等,其主要表達于內皮細胞,影響造血干細胞分化和腫瘤細胞的產生及轉移[10]。CD4+CD45+T細胞主要輔助于B細胞,其升高可導致B細胞的活化,誘導CD8介導的反應,出現免疫異常而致病[11-14]。
在UC患者中,患者的腸黏膜免疫系統受到有害物質的入侵,破壞免疫平衡,腸黏膜的第一道防線相關淋巴組織就會被激活,即產生免疫應答[15]。T細胞必然會參與免疫反應,調節免疫平衡[16]。T細胞表面分子CD4+CD45+在抗原誘導刺激下,表達活躍,分泌的細胞因子IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-10、IL-13等會大量增加,加速免疫調節[13,17]。當抗原效應大于免疫調節功能時,即產生疾病[18]。
本研究通過流式細胞術分別對80例UC患者及80例健康人進行外周血T細胞CD4+CD45+表面分子檢測,結果顯示,UC組為52.93%±3.64%,對照組為41.34%±2.94%,比較其檢出范圍,UC組明顯高于對照組,故在UC患者中外周血T細胞CD4+CD45+表面分子表達會異常增高,導致免疫失衡,引起疾病發生,為臨床診斷UC提供依據。本研究中分別對UC組輕度活動期27例、中度活動期28例、重度活動期25例進行外周血T細胞CD4+CD45+表面分子檢測,結果輕度活動期為50.99%±1.45%,中度活動期為52.66%±1.41%,重度活動期為55.18%±2.18%,隨著病情加重明顯升高,說明免疫失衡越重,疾病程度越嚴重,也就是說,UC患者外周血T細胞CD4+CD45+表面分子表達隨著疾病嚴重程度增加而升高,可用于臨床判斷病情輕重。
綜上所述,UC患者外周血T細胞CD4+CD45+表面分子含量高于正常人,即CD4+CD45+T細胞參與了免疫調節過程,且隨著病情加重而明顯增高,對臨床診斷及判斷病情輕重有一定指導意義。
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Expression of peripheral blood CD4+CD45+T cells in patients with ulcerative colitis and its clinical value
LI Yanrong, GUO Lianyi
The First Aff i liated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
GUO Lianyi. Email:angel_gly@163.com
Objective To explore the expression of peripheral blood CD4+CD45+T cells in patients with ulcerative colitis and its clinical value. Methods Eighty patients with UC in the First Aff i liated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University from March 2012 to December 2013 were selected, with mildly active in 27 cases, moderately active in 28 cases and severe active in 25 cases. There were also 80 cases in healthy control group. The fl ow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of molecules in peripheral blood T cell surface CD4+CD45+of patients. And then the percentage of the content was compared to determine the level of severity of illness. Results The expression of CD4+CD45+T cells in peripheral blood was signif i cantly higher than that of control group (52.93%±3.64% in UC group and 41.34%±2.94% in the control group, t=-22.159, P<0.05). The expression of CD4+CD45+T cells in peripheral blood in mild activity period was 50.99%±1.45%, moderate activity period was 52.66%±1.41%, severe active stage was 55.18%±2.18%, which suggested that the moderate activity period was higher than the mild activity period, and the severe active stage was higher than the moderate activity period. Comparison between groups were statistically signif i cant with F=39.850, P<0.05. Conclusion The expression level of peripheral blood CD4+CD45+T cells in UC group is higher than that of control group. With the aggravation of disease, the peripheral blood CD4+CD45+T cells increases signif i cantly, which has guiding sense of clinical diagnosis.
ulcerative colitis; CD4+CD45+regulatory T cells; fl ow cytometry; immune regulation
R574.1
A
2095-5227(2015)02-0127-03
10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2015.02.009
時間:2014-11-13 17:17
http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3275.R.20141113.1717.003.html
2014-07-07
李艷榮,女,碩士,主治醫師。研究方向:潰瘍性結腸炎發病機制。Email: 416413064@qq.com
郭蓮怡,女,博士,主任醫師,主任。Email: angel_gly@ 163.com