導學2（Units 3—4）

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room？

重點詞匯

1.rubbish n. 垃圾；廢棄物

He described her book as absolute rubbish.

他說她的書一文不值。

垃圾還可用litter，garbage，trash表示。

2.fold v. 折疊；對折

Could you please fold your clothes？

請你把你的衣服疊起來好嗎？

3.sweep v. 掃；打掃

Could you please sweep the floor？

請你打掃一下地板好嗎？

4.mess n. 雜亂；不整潔

She won’t be happy if she sees this mess.

如果她看見這些亂七八糟的東西，她不會開心的。

5.neither adv. 也不

She didn’t do housework and neither did I.

她沒有做家務，我也沒有。

比較：neither和so的區別

neither用于否定句，前者情況適合于后者；

so用于肯定句，前者情況適合于后者。

Lucy can’t swim， neither can Lily.

露西不會游泳，莉莉也不會。

Tom speaks Chinese well， so does his sister。

湯姆漢語講得很好，他妹妹也講得很好。

6.pass v. 給；遞；走過；通過

Could you please pass me the salt？

你能把鹽遞給我嗎？

7.borrow v. 借；借用

lend v. 借給；借出

Could I borrow that book？

我可以借那本書嗎？

Could you lend me some money？

你可以借些錢給我嗎？

比較：borrow和lend的區別

borrow（相對于主語）借入；

lend（相對于主語）借出。

I will borrow a pen from Tom.

我將向湯姆借一支筆。

Tom will lend a pen to me.

湯姆將借一支筆給我。

8.hate v. 厭惡；討厭

I hate some chores， too.

我也討厭一些家務活。

9.while conj. 與……同時；當……的時候；而；然而

We must have been burgled while we were asleep.

我們睡著時一定有賊入室盜竊了。

10. waste n. 浪費；垃圾

v. 浪費；濫用

Housework is a waste of time.

家務勞動是浪費時間。

11. provide v. 提供；供應

It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment for their children.

為孩子們提供干凈舒適的環境是父母的職責。

provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 為某人提供某物

My boss provides me with an apartment and food.

My boss provides an apartment and food for me.

我的老板給我提供食宿。

12. depend v. 依靠；信賴

Children these days depend on their parents too much.

現今的孩子們太依賴他們的父母了。

13. since conj. 因為；既然

prep.， conj. adv. 從……以后；自……以來

Several new members have come into the club since last year.

自去年以來，又有些新成員加入了俱樂部。

14. drop v. 落下；掉下

He often fell ill and his grades dropped.

他經常生病，他的成績也隨之下滑了。

常用短語及搭配

1. do chores 做家務

2. do the dishes 洗餐具

3. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾

4. fold the/one’s clothes 折衣服

5. sweep the floor 掃地

6. make the/one’s bed 整理床鋪

7. no problem 沒問題

8. go out for dinner 出去吃晚飯

9. stay out late 在外面待得太晚

10. get a ride 搭便車

11. work on 從事于……

12. at least 至少

13. finish doing sth 做完某事

14. see the mess 看到混亂

15. come over 過來

16. hang out with sb 和某人閑逛

17. get wet 淋濕

18. all the time 頻繁；反復

19. invite sb to... 邀請某人去某個地方

20. in order to 目的是；為了

21. get good grades 取得好成績

22. depend on 依靠；信賴

23. the earlier...， the better... 越早……，越好……

24. as soon as 一……就……；盡快

25. take care of 照顧；處理

重要句型

1.There is no need for... to... ……不需要做……

There is no need for the students to do housework.

學生們不需要做家務勞動。

2.It’s not enough to... ……是不夠的……

It’s not enough to just get good grades at school.

在學校里僅僅取得好成績是遠遠不夠的。

3.The earlier...， the better... 越早……，越好……

The earlier kids learn to be independent， the better it is for their future.

孩子們越早學會獨立，對他們的將來就越有用。

兩個比較級由逗號連接，構成“The + 比較級，the + 比較級”的結構，表示“越……越……”的意思。

The more， the better.

越多越好。

基本語法

1.Could you please...？ 禮貌地提出要求

Could you please clean your room？

請你打掃你的房間，行嗎？

2.Could I...？ 征得同意

Could I go out for dinner with my friends？

我可以和我的朋友們出去吃晚飯嗎？

3.make和do用作“做”的區別：

make強調做的過程中要動腦筋，例如make dinner；

do則表示簡單地、機械地重復做，例如do chores。

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your

parents？

重點詞匯

1.allow v. 允許；準許

My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.

我父母不允許我和我的朋友出去閑逛。

2.deal n. 協議；交易

The two sides tried and failed to come to a deal.

雙方都努力了，但還是沒能達成協議。

deal v. 處理

deal with... 處理……

You should deal with your problems by youself.

你應該親自處理你自己的問題。

3.argue v. 爭吵；爭論

When they argue， it’s like a big， black cloud hanging over our home.

當他們爭吵時，就像有一團又大又黑的烏云籠罩在我們家上空一樣。

argue with sb 與某人吵架

Don’t argue with your parents.

不要和你的父母吵架。

4.instead adv. 代替；反而；卻

Mr Black was ill， so she was taking his class instead.

布萊克先生生病了，因此她在代他的課。

instead of （用……）代替……，（是……）而不是……

We just had soup instead of a full meal.

我們沒有吃全餐，只喝了湯。

5.whatever pron. 任何；每一

He watches whatever he wants until late at night.

他一直注意著他想要的任何東西直到夜里很晚。

6.offer v. 主動提出；自愿給予

If your parents are having problems， you should offer to help.

如果你的父母有問題，你應該主動給予幫助。

比較：offer和provide的區別

offer表示“主動提供”，而provide則表示“供給”。

（1） offer... to... 主動提供……給……

The boy offered his seat to the old man.

這個男孩把他的座位讓給了這位老人。

（2） provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth 為……提供……

My parents provide food and money for me.

My parents provide me with food and money.

我的父母給我提供食物和金錢。

7.explain v. 解釋；說明

You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.

你應該說明你不介意他一直看電視。

8.return v. 歸還；回來；返回

My cousin always borrows my things without returning them.

我的堂兄老是借我的東西不還。

9.typical adj. 典型的

The Taylors are a typical American family.

泰勒一家是典型的美國家庭。

10. continue v. 持續；繼續存在

Competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.

競爭從孩子們很小的時候就開始了，直到他們長大，競爭仍然存在。

continue doing sth = go on doing sth 繼續做某事

Let’s continue/go on having class！

讓我們繼續上課吧！

11. compare v. 比較

They are always comparing their kids with other children.

他們總是把他們的小孩與其他的孩子相比較。

12. push v. 鞭策；督促；推動

They pushed him into the car.

他們把他推進了車里。

pull v. 拖；拉

13. cause v. 造成；引起

All these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.

所有這些活動都會給孩子造成很大的壓力。

常用短語及搭配

1. get enough sleep 得到足夠的睡眠

2. get into a fight with sb 和某人進入戰斗

3. go to sleep 去睡覺

4. work out 成功地發展；解決

5. write sb a letter 給某人寫信

6. talk on the phone 打電話

7. find sb doing sth 發現某人正在做某事

8. look through 快速查看；瀏覽

9. be angry with sb 生某人的氣

10. get on well with 和睦相處；關系良好

11. refuse to do 拒絕做

12. offer to do 主動提出做

13. communicate... with... 和……交流……

14. be worried about sb 擔心某人

15. talk to sb 和某人說話

16. give sb a lot of pressure 給某人很大的壓力

17. compete with... 和……競爭

18. cut out 刪除；刪去

19. not... until... 直到……才……

20. compare... with 比較；對比

21. big deal 重要的事

22. in one’s opinion 依……看

重要句型

1.In my opinion， it’s important for sb to... 我認為，對于某人來說做……是重要的

In my opinion， it’s important for the kids to talk about their problems with their parents.

我認為對于孩子們來說和父母談論他們的問題是很重要的。

2.... so that... ……以便/目的是……

You should save more money so that you can buy a gift for your friend’s birthday.

你應該存下更多的錢，以便能為你的朋友買一份生日禮物。

3.If children...， they will...

If children go fishing tomorrow， they will have a great time.

如果孩子們明天出去釣魚，他們會玩得很高興。

基本語法

1.提出建議：Why don’t you...？ 你為什么不做……呢？

Why don’t you get up earlier this morning？

今天早晨你為什么不早點起床呢？

2.用could，should給出建議：

Maybe you could go to his house.

或許你可以去他家。

You should write him a letter.

你應該給他寫一封信。