自發性氣胸行胸腔閉式引流術70例術后逆行感染預防研究

[摘要] 目的 探討和分析自發性氣胸患者胸腔閉式引流術以后防止逆行感染的護理措施和效果。方法 對于2014年3月—2014年9月期間該院收治的70例患者，在手術前，加強心理護理、飲食護理，術后密切觀察患者的生命體征，加強心電監護，指導患者呼吸護理，同時重視并發癥的觀察及護理，出院指導與健康教育，然后總結患者的護理效果。 結果 該組70例患者均一次性穿刺取得成功，68例（97.14%）患者經過積極地治療與系統化地有效護理以后痊愈，2例（2.86%）患者由于肺部難以實現復張轉入外科進行手術治療。全部患者均未出現縱隔氣腫、皮下氣腫、復張性肺水腫以及胸腔逆行感染等各種并發癥。 結論 采用胸腔閉式引流術是治療自發性氣胸最為有效的方法之一，醫護人員進行嚴密的觀察患者的生命體征與進行精心有效的護理，也是胸腔閉式引流術順利進行并且取得非常滿意的療效的保證，又是患者早日獲得康復的關鍵因素。

[關鍵詞] 胸腔閉式引流術；自發性氣胸；感染預防護理

[中圖分類號] R473.5 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742（2015）02（a）-0082-03

Spontaneous pneumothorax closed thoracic drainage in 70 cases of postoperative retrograde infection prevention study

SI Fengxia

Department of cerebral surgery， People's Hospital of Jilin Province， the chest of Huadian City， Jilin 132400，China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate and analysis of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with closed thoracic drainage in the future to prevent nursing measures and effect of retrograde infection. Methods 70 cases during the period from 2014 March to 2014 September in our hospital patients， before the operation， strengthen the psychological nursing， diet nursing， postoperative close observation of the patient's vital signs， ECG monitoring， guiding patients with respiratory care and attention， observation and nursing of complications， guidance and health education of discharged， and then summarize the nursing effect of patients the. Results Of the 70 patients all disposable puncture success， 68 cases （97.14%） of patients after active treatment and systematic effective nursing after cured， 2 cases （2.86%） patients with lung is difficult to realize the complex Zhang transferred to surgical operation treatment. Mediastinal emphysema， subcutaneous emphysema， reexpansion pulmonary edema and pleural retrograde infections and other complications were not found in all the patients. Conclusion Using closed thoracic drainage in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax is one of the most effective methods， the medical personnel to close observation patient vital signs and careful nursing is effective， closed thoracic drainage to ensure smoothly and achieved a satisfactory curative effect， and is one of the key factors in patients with early rehabilitation.

[Key words] Closed thoracic drainage； Spontaneous pneumothorax； Infection prevention and nursing

依據氣胸形成的病因分為自發性氣胸和創傷性氣胸[1]。自發性氣胸屬于呼吸科最為常見的急性病之一，患者可能有非常嚴重的呼吸困難，或者大汗淋漓，甚至出現休克，以及縱隔移位等多種表現。在這類患者的護理過程當中，采用胸腔排氣屬于解除患者嚴重缺氧與呼吸相當困難非常有效的方法。該院收治2014年3月—2014年9月70例自發性氣胸患者……