廖昌建 余良永 趙利民 等



摘 要:針對某石化廢水的水質特點,提出了采用板式蒸發強制循環機械蒸汽再壓縮工藝回收廢水資源。在考慮濃縮液沸點升高及強制循環對系統影響的條件下,建立了MVR系統工藝計算數學模型,分析了蒸發溫度、廢水溫度及壓縮比對MVR系統的影響。模型求解結果表明:該廢水采用常壓蒸發,可降低系統能耗,同時高溫進料有利于降低系統的總比傳熱面積;隨著壓縮比的增加,壓縮機比電耗增加,而系統總比傳熱面積減小,且其減少的速率減緩,壓縮比是控制系統傳熱溫差、壓縮機比電耗和總比傳熱面積的主要因素,壓縮比對MVR系統的投資和運行成本的控制起關鍵性作用,在廢水進料溫度45 ℃、濃縮液循環10 m3/h的情況下,廢水常壓蒸發的適宜操作壓縮比為1.4~1.6。
關 鍵 詞:石化廢水;板式蒸發器;機械蒸汽再壓縮;工藝優化;數學模型
中圖分類號:X 703 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號: 1671-0460(2015)10-2443-04
Application of the Mechanical Vapor Recompression Technology
in Treatment of Petrochemical Wastewater
LIAO Chang-jian1,YU Liang-yong2,ZHAO Li-min1,WANG Hai-bo1,
MA He-xu1,WANG Jing-jing1
(1.Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals , SINOPEC,Liaoning Fushun 113001, China;
2.China Shenhua Coal to Liquid and Chemical Co., Ltd. Ordos Coal Liquefaction Branch, Nei Monggol Ordos 017209, China)
Abstract: According to properties of petrochemical wastewater, the mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) process using plate evaporator with forced circulation was proposed to recycle wastewater resources. Considering the influence of the boiling point elevation and forced circulation, the complete mathematical model of MVR process was developed for process optimization and analysis, and the influence of evporation temperature, wastewater temperature and compression ratio on the MVR system performance was analyzed. The results show that, the method of atmospheric evaporation can be used to reduce the energy consumption; higher waste water temperature can result in a slight decrease in specific heat transfer area; and when compression ratio increases, specific power consuption increases, but specific heat transfer area decreases. So the compression ratio is the controlling factor that determines the heat transfer temperature difference, specific power consumption and specific heat transfer area of the MVR system, and the compression ratio plays a key role in controlling investment and operation cost of the MVR system. When waste water temperature is 45 ℃, concentrated liquid recirculated flow rate is 10 m3/h, the economical compression ratio is 1.4 to 1.6.
Key words: Petrochemical wastewater;Plate evaporator;Mechanical vapor compression;Process optimization;Mathematical model
隨著國家環保法律法規的日趨嚴格,企業廢水零外排已成為一種趨勢。機械蒸汽壓縮(MVR)技術是目前廢水處理應用領域的一種新的工藝技術。國外提出采用MVR技術蒸發濃縮回收含鹽廢水。國內陳金增等對船舶用MVR技術淡化海水系統建立了數學模型,分析了MVR蒸發系統工作性能隨蒸發溫度的變化規律[1];黃成等對機械壓縮式熱泵在制鹽工藝中的應用進行了簡述,對其原理、組成、技術參數及主要投資運行費用進行了介紹[2];鄒龍生等對MVR技術濃縮滲濾液熱力過程進行了數值模擬,闡述了滲濾液入口溫度與換熱器面積的關系、蒸發倍數與蒸發器面積、壓縮比的關系等[3];……