于雪峰 戶昶昊

摘 要:火燒油層又稱“火驅”,是稠油蒸汽吞吐開發后期主要接替技術之一,火驅過程中原油在地層中高溫燃燒,發生復雜的物理化學反應,儲層內部會發生固相、液相、氣相的物化、地化反應,造成巖石礦物溶解、沉淀和蝕變以及油、水組分的變化,進而影響儲層內巖石礦物、孔隙結構、物性流體性質。運用巖石薄片、X-衍射全巖、鑄體薄片、全烴色譜等十余項分析測試技術進行研究,揭示蒸汽吞吐轉火驅開發儲層巖石礦物變化規律,儲層物性變化特征、孔隙結構變化特點、流體組分變化特征,為稠油蒸汽吞吐轉火驅開發儲層變化研究提供了較好技術借鑒。
關 鍵 詞:火驅; 儲層; 礦物; 物性; 孔隙結構
中圖分類號:TE 357 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號: 1671-0460(2015)10-2454-03
Research on Characteristics of Heavy Oil Reservoirs
With Fire-flooding After Steam Injection
YU Xue-feng1,HU Chang-hao2
(1. College of Earth Science, Yangtze University, Hubei Wuhan 430100, China;
2. PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company Exploration and Development Research Institute, Liaoning Panjin 124010, China)
Abstract: In-situ combustion, also called combustion drive, is one of replacing technologies after steam injection for heavy oil. During the combustion process, crude oil burns under high temperature, and physical and chemical reactions occur. In the reservoir, physicochemical and geochemical reactions of solid, liquid and gas phase can result in rock dissolution, deposition, alteration and the change of oil and water, which will affect the properties of rock,pore configuration and liquid in the reservoir. In this paper, rock slice, X-diffraction bulk rock analysis, image analysis of cast slice and analysis of physical and chemical properties were utilized to reveal variation mechanism of rock mineral, variation characteristics of physical property in reservoir, variation features of pore configuration and fluid composition in the reservoir with fire-flooding after steam injection.
Key words: Combustion drive; Reservoir; Mineral; Physical property; Pore configuration
D66塊杜家臺油層油藏埋深800~1 200 m,油層厚度44.5 m,孔隙度19.3%,滲透率774 mD,屬于中高孔、中高滲儲層,50 ℃地面脫氣原油粘度為325~2846 mPa?s,為中深層薄互層狀邊水油藏。為探尋蒸汽吞吐后提高采收率技術,2005年6月開展火驅試驗,火驅經歷了火線形成上產階段,目前處于熱效驅替穩產階段,火線前緣溫度大于300 ℃,主力層段實現了高溫氧化燃燒。為進一步認識火驅油藏內部的物理化學反應[1,2],分析儲層火驅前后傷害的機理和程度、判斷地下燃燒狀態,2013年8月在該塊實施一口密閉取心井S037,該井距離注氣井8.5 m,取心前注氣井累積注入空氣207.3×104 Nm3。
1 儲層基本特征
1.1 巖石學特征
巖心粒度分析表明S037井粒級砂巖均有分布,其中以中、細砂較為發育,分別占20.13%、16.2%,其次為細粉砂、極細砂、中礫。……