1. lack v. 缺乏,缺少
n. 缺乏,匱乏,短缺
Hes good at his job but he seems to lack confidence.
他善于工作,但似乎缺乏信心。
There is a certain lack of enthusiasm for these changes among the membership.
會員對這些變動沒有多大熱情。
比較:lack和shortage的區別
lack指的是“完全沒有或部分缺少”,既表示具體,也表示抽象,如智力、知識、勇氣等;而shortage指的是“短缺”,因此要就量而言。
1) lack for nothing 什么也不缺
2) be lacking in 缺少(lacking是形容詞)
3) for/through lack of 因缺少
4) no lack of 不缺少,足夠
2. advance adj. 預先的,在前的
No advance booking is necessary on most departures.
大多數起程票無須預訂。
advance n. 前進;進步,發展
1) in advance 在前面;預先,事先
Its cheaper if you book the tickets in advance.
預訂票要便宜一些。
2) in advance of 在(時間或空間)之前
People were evacuated from the coastal regions in advance of the hurricane.
颶風襲來之前,沿海地帶的人已經撤離。
advance v. 預付;提前,提早
advanced adj. 先進的;高級的,高等的
3. favour n. 恩惠,照顧
As a special favour, Ill let you stay up late tonight.
作為對你的特殊恩惠,我允許你今晚遲睡。
Do yourself a favour and wear a helmet on the bike.
要照顧好你自己,騎車要戴上頭盔。
1) do sb a favour = do a favour for sb 幫某人的忙
2) in favour of 贊同,支持;看中,選擇
3) in ones favour 以……為受益人
4) ask a favour of sb 請某人幫忙
4. reply n. 回答,答復,回信
v. 回答,答復;回應,做出反應
I asked her what her name was but she made no reply.
我問她叫什么名字,但她沒有回答。
The senator replied that he was not in a position to comment.
參議員回答說他不宜發表評論。
1) in reply to 作為對……的答復
2) reply to 回答,答復
比較:動詞reply和answer的區別
reply為正式用語,多指經過考慮的、有針對性的、詳細的回答,常用作不及物動詞,和介詞to連用;answer為一般用語,既可用作及物動詞也可用作不及物動詞,還可引申為“應答”。
5. absence n. 缺乏,不存在
The case was dismissed in the absence of definite proof.
此案因缺乏確鑿證據而不予受理。
1) in the absence of 缺少
2) absence of mind 心不在焉
3) in ones absence 某人不在期間
absent adj. 缺席的,不在場的
1) be absent from 缺席
2) absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
6. interrupt v. 打斷,插嘴
They were interrupted by a knock at the door.
他們被敲門聲打斷了。
Would you mind not interrupting all the time?
請你別老是插嘴好嗎?
interruption n. 打擾,插嘴,打岔
He ignored her interruptions.
他沒有理會她的打岔。
7. imagine v. 想象
(1) imagine + n. 想象,設想
The house was just as she had imagined.
這房子正是她所想象的。
(2) imagine + that從句 胡亂猜想……;認為……
Hes always imagining were talking about him behind his back.
他總是胡亂猜想我們在背后說他的閑話。
I dont imagine that theyll refuse.
我認為他們不會拒絕。
(3) imagine + doing 想象做某事
Can you imagine George cooking the dinner?
你能想象喬治做飯嗎?