重點詞匯
1. matter n. 問題;事情
What’ s the matter?
= Whats the trouble?
= What’ s wrong?
你怎么了?
拓展
用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對象時,與介詞with連用。
Whats the matter with you?
你怎么了?
2. lie v.躺;平躺
lie是動詞,意為“躺”,過去式和過去分詞分別為lay和lain,現在分詞為lying。
I found he was lying on the ground. 我發現他躺在地上。
短語:lie down 躺下
lie有“位于”的意思。
A temple lies on the top of the mountain.
一座寺廟位于山頂之上。
拓展
lie作動詞時,也可意為“撒謊”,過去式和過去分詞是規則的,均為lied。lie也可用作名詞,意為“謊言”。
Dont lie to me.
不要向我撒謊。
The boy told a lie to me.
這個男孩向我撒了謊。
3. rest
(1)rest作及物動詞,意為“使休息”,作不及物動詞,意為“休息”。 You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.
在大量閱讀之后,你應該休息一下你的眼睛。
Im tired, and I want to rest. 我累了,我想休息。
(2)rest也可以作名詞,常用搭配have a rest,表示“休息一下”。
You have a cold,and should have a rest.
你感冒了,應該休息一下。
4. break n. 間歇;休息
There is a 10-minute break between classes.
兩節課之間有個十分鐘的休息.
短語:take breaks\\ a break 休息
He sat under the big tree to take a break.
他坐在大樹下休息。
拓展
(1)break v. 弄碎、破碎 過去式:broke,過去分詞:broken。
Li Ming broke his left leg last night.
昨晚李明摔斷了左腿
Glass is easily broken.
玻璃很容易碎。
(2) break down (機器)壞了、出故障、拋錨
We are sorry to arrive late, because the car broke down.
我們很抱歉到晚了,因為車拋錨了。
(3)break into 破門而入
I caught two men trying to break into the office.
我瞧見兩個人想闖入我的辦公室。
(4)break out (戰爭、瘟疫、火災等)爆發
World War II broke out in September 1939.
第二次世界大戰爆發于1939年9月。
5 . hurt v.(hurt)使疼痛;受傷
(1)hurt作及物動詞,意為“使受傷,使弄痛”,過去分詞和過去式都是hurt。
He hurt his right knee.
他傷了右膝。
(2) hurt 既可指肉體上的傷害,也可指精神上、感情上的傷害。
You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat.
你說她胖,傷害了她的感情了。
I dont mean to hurt you. 我并非有意傷害你。
拓展
hurt作不及物動詞,意為“疼痛”。
My feet hurt when I walk.
我走路時腳疼。
I had a fever and my head hurt.
我感冒了而且頭痛。
6. trouble n .問題;苦惱
get into trouble造成麻煩(或煩惱)
be in trouble 處于困境中
have trouble (in) doing sth做某事有困難
7. hit v.(hit/hit)(用手或器具)擊;打
The boy hit the dog with a stone.
男孩用一塊石頭打了那只狗。
拓展
hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背,on用在所打較硬的部位;
hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打較軟的部位。
6.sick adj. 生病的
sick既可放be (系動詞)后作表語,也可放n.前作定語。
sick person = patient“病人”
注意:ill也可以表示“生病的”,但它只能放be (系動詞)后作表語,
be ill in hospital 生病住院
7. mean v 意思是;打算;意欲
mean —— meant —— meant
mean to do sth. 打算做某事
I didnt mean to hurt you.
我沒打算傷害你。
mean doing sth. 意味著做某事
Missing the train means waiting for another hour.
錯過這列火車意味著在等一個小時。
meaning n. 意思
Whats the meaning of the word?
這個單詞的意思是什么?
8. importance n.. 重要(性)
the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English.
important adj.重要的,
unimportant adj.
9.decision n.決定,抉擇
Let me make decisions myself.
讓我自己做決定。
拓展
decide v決定
make a decision to do sth= decide to do sth = make up ones mind to do sth
10. death n.死;死亡
He is not afraid of death.
他不怕死。
拓展
(1) die v. 死過去式 died 現在分詞dying
(2) dead adj. 死的
He died two years ago.
= He has been dead for two years.
(3) dying adj. 垂死的,要死的
This is a dying dog.
這是一只垂死的狗。
重點短語
1. have a cold 受涼;感冒
have a/an+疾病名詞“患……病” (cold/fever/cough)
have a sore throat 患喉嚨痛have a sore back患背痛
have a fever 發燒have a cold =catch a cold患感冒
have a stomachache 患胃痛have a toothache患牙痛
have a headache 患頭痛have a backache患背痛
2. get off 下車
get off 意為“下(汽車、火車、飛機等)”
get on “意為―登上(汽車、火車等)”
The first passenger to get off the bus was a woman.
第—個下公共汽 車的乘客是—名婦女。
When I got on the bus, I saw my teacher sitting there.
當我上公共汽車的時候,我看見我的老師坐在車上。
3. to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是……
To my surprise, he passed the exam.
使我吃驚是,他竟然通過了考試。
4. be/get used to ……習慣于做某事
be used to sth/doing sth.習慣于某事/做某事
I am used to spicy food.
我習慣辣食。
I am used to getting up early.
我習慣早起。
拓展
(1)be used to do sth 被用來做某事
This knife is used to cut bread .
這把刀是用來切面包的。
(2)used to do sth 過去常常做某事
I used to go fishing in the pool in front of my house.
我過去常常在我家門前的池塘釣魚。
(3)be used for doing sth用于/被用來做某事
The wood is used for making paper.
這木頭是用來造紙的。
5.run out (of)用盡,耗盡
run out表示“被用完了”的被動含義,其主語通常是時間、金錢、食物等無生命名詞。
His money soon ran out.
他的錢很快就花完了。
run out of 表示“用完(use up)”的主動含義,主語是人。
He ran out of his money soon.
他很快花光了錢。
6. give up為“動詞+副詞”結構的短語,意為“放棄”。
She wanted to give up math because it was too difficult.
她想放棄數學,因為它太難了。
give up doing sth 放棄做某事
7. be in control of掌管,管理
You should be in control of your own life .
你應控制你自己的生活。
拓展:
(1)(be) under control在控制之下
(2)(be) out of control失去控制 = lose control
即時練習
1.We know the iof English study.
2.When you have a headache,you should . (看醫生)
3. (使我吃驚的是),he got the first prize in the exam.
4.(1) My grandpa is used (live) in country.
(2) Stamps is used (post) letters.
5.The girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday.
A. sickB. illC. goodD. well
參考答案:
1. importance 2. see a doctor 3. To my surprise 4. to living; to post 5. A
基本語法
一. 反身代詞:
英語中共有八個反身代詞,在使用時應注意和它所指的相應的對象在人稱、性別、數上保持一致。
數 人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱
單數myselfyourselfhimself herself itself
復數ourselvesyourselvesthemselves
【用法】
1. 可用作賓語,指的是賓語和主語表示同一個或同一些的人或事物。
We must look after ourselves very well.
我們必須好好照顧自己。
2. 可用作表語,指的是表語和主語表示同一個或同一些人或事物。
She isnt quite herself today.
她今天不在狀態。
3. 可用作主語或賓語的同位語,常用來加強語氣。
I met the writer himself last week.
上禮拜我見到了作者本人。
4. 用在某些固定短語當中。
enjoy oneself 玩得高興,過得愉快
help oneself to sth 請自用……(隨便吃/喝些……).
二 情態動詞should的用法
1.Should為情態動詞,意為“應該;應當”,否定式為shouldnt,其后接動詞原形,無人稱和數的變化。常用來表示征詢意見、建議、勸告、要求或義務等。
You should drink hot water with honey.
你應該喝加有蜂蜜的開水。
You shouldnt watch TV.
你不應該看電視。
2.Should用于主語為第一人稱的疑問句,表示征詢意見。
Should I put some medicine on it?
我應當給它敷上藥嗎?
Should we tell her about it?
我們應該告訴她這件事嗎?