1.cheer v. 歡呼;喝彩
cheer up(使)變得更高興; 振奮起來
I wrote that song just to cheer myself up.
我寫那首歌是給我自己打氣的。
拓展
cheern. 歡呼聲;喝彩聲
2. volunteer v.義務做;自愿做
n. 志愿者
volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事
Jack volunteered to carry the water.
杰克自愿去運水。
3. notice 通知;通告;注意
You can put a notice on the newspaper if you want to find old bike.
如果你想要找一輛舊自行車,你可以在報紙上登個通知。
V. 注意到
①notice sb. do 經常做/全過程
②notice sb. doing 正在做
4. lonely adj. 孤獨的;寂寞的
Sam was very lonely when he first moved to New York.
薩姆剛搬到紐約時非常寂寞。
辨析:alone與 lonely
(1)lonely adj. 孤獨的;寂寞的 。指人孤獨的,寂寞的,強調主觀感受
(2)alone adv. 獨自、單獨。指無人陪伴的客觀事實,不帶感情色彩。
I like being alone in the house.
我喜歡獨自一人待在家里。
She lives alone and often feels lonely.
她孑然一身,常感到寂寞。
5.several pron. 幾個;數個;一些
several 可作定語,表示“幾個”.
Several boys were injured.
有幾個小伙子傷了。
6.satisfaction n. 滿足;滿意
He gained satisfaction from his success.
satisfy v.使……滿意,使……滿足
satisfactory adj.滿意的
satisfied adj.滿意的
be satisfied with…對……滿意
7.raise v. 募集;征集
(raised; raised)
Raise money籌集資金
raise 提起,使升高,引起,揚起,提高,增加,提出,養育.
raise ones hand 舉手; raise crops 種莊稼;
raise ones voice提高嗓音;; raise a question 提出問題;
8. repair v “修理;修復”
(1)repair的對象范圍很廣,從房屋、道路、機器到日常生活必需品,是使受到一定損失或失靈的東西恢復其形狀或功能。
Who has repaired the broken leg of the table?
誰把桌子的斷腿修好了?
(2)mend的意思是恢復某物原來的樣子(包括用針、線來縫補),一般指較小之物。
This shirt is too old to mend.
這件衣服太舊不能補了。
(3)fix用于需要重新“調”物體的結構,把松散的部件固定結實,將分離的物體各部分裝配起來。用于美國口語中,與repair無多大區別。
Can you fix the broken chair?
你能修理那把壞了的椅子嗎?
9.disabled adj. 喪失能力的;有殘疾的
肢體有殘疾的 (既可以做表語, 也可以做定語)。
disabled people 殘疾人
【加前綴dis- 構成的派生詞】
dislike 不喜歡disorder 無秩序 dishonest 不誠實disappear 消失
10. imagine v. 想象;設想
imagine+n/ ving/ pron
I can just imagine him saying that!
我確實能想到他那么說!
I cant imagine life without the children now.
我現在無法設想沒有了孩子們的生活。
11. difficulty n. 困難;難題
In her twenties and thirties she had had no difficulty in finding jobs.
她在二三十歲時找工作一點也不困難。
difficulty表示抽象意義的“困難”時為不可數;表示具體的“難題、難事”時為可數;
have difficulty (in) doing sth= have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困難
I had no difficulty (in) making myself understood.
我毫不費力地表達了自己的意思。
12. carryv. 拿,提,扛
比較分析:bring, take, get, fetch, carry
(1)、關于bring與take
bring 和 take 是一對反義詞。bring 表示從別處把某人或物“帶來”或“拿來”,而 take 則指把某人或物“帶走”或“拿走”(到別處)。如:
Please take the empty cup away and bring me a cup of tea. 請把這個空杯子拿走,給我拿杯茶來。
注:若在 bring 和 take 之后接 副詞 out,則兩者同義,意為“拿出來”(=get out)。如:
He took [brought, got] out his dictionary and looked up the word. 他拿出詞典來查這個詞。
(2)、關于fetch與get
fetch 與 get 大致同義,均指到別處把某人或物帶來,在意義上相當于 go and bring,口語中多用 get。
Shall I get [fetch] you your coat from the next room?
要不要我從隔壁房間把你的大衣拿來?
(3)、關于carry
carry 指“隨身攜帶”(如搬,提,拿,扛,抬,抱,背,帶等),不具體說明來去的方向,有時含有沉重或麻煩之意。
The wounded men were carried away. 傷員被抬走了。
She carried her baby in her arms. 她把嬰兒抱在懷里。
I never carry much money (with me). 我(身上)從不帶很多錢。
He carried a box on his back. 他背著一個箱子。
12.excitedadj.興奮的;激動的
He was getting excited just thinking about the trip.
一想到那次旅行他就興奮。
be excited about 對……感到興奮
The kids were excited about the holiday.
孩子們對假期興奮不已。
拓展:
exciting adj.令人興奮的;令人激動的;刺激的
The race itself is very exciting.
比賽本身非常刺激。
13. training n. 訓練;培訓
Very hard training is necessary.
刻苦訓練很必要
train v. 訓練;培訓
14. change v. 變化;改變
How did it change his life?
它如何改變他的生活?
change A for B用A換成B
When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.
在中國旅游的時候,記得把美元換成人民幣。
15. interest n.興趣;關注
V.使感興趣;使關注
短語:to feel/have/show/express (an) interest in sth
對…感到/表現出/表示關注
Do your parents take an interest in your friends?
你的父母有興趣了解你的朋友嗎?
Politics doesnt interest him.他對政治不感興趣。
重點短語
1. give out =hand out分發
give out sth to sb. 分….給某人
2. come up with =think up 想出
catch up with 趕上 追上
makes a big difference 影響;有作用
3. try out 嘗試;實驗
拓展
(1)try on 試穿
(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 (側重盡力做)
(3) try doing sth 試圖做某事 (側重嘗試做)
(4)try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事
We should try our best to be happy in the future.
我們應該努力讓自己在未來的日子里快樂。
take after =be similar to在(外貌、性格等方面)與(父母)相像,有血緣
關系的
4. take after =be similar to在(外貌、性格等方面)與(父母)相像
look like 只指在外貌上與…..相像
5. set up 建立;設立
set up =establish =build建立
6. put off推遲
1)因為下雨他們推遲了運動會。
2)他推遲了去爬山。
即時練習
改錯
1. Luckily, he was badly hurt in the end.()
ABCD
用括號內詞正確形式填空
2. My mother used(tell)us stories when we were young.
3.Stamps is used (post) letters.
different or difference
4. Theres no between the two houses. They look the same.
5. She seems to wear something every day.
參考答案:1.A;Unluckily2. to tell 3. to post 4. difference 5. different
基本語法
重點語法——動詞不定式
1. 作主語—為避免句子的頭重腳輕,常用it作為形式主語,而真正的主語動詞不定式后置。
常用句型:It+be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.
2. 作賓語——動詞want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare…常接動詞不定式作賓語。
3. 作(后置)定語—常用于“have/has+sth.+to do”或“enough+名+to do”“Its time to do sth.”等結構中。
4. 作賓語補足語——tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語,構成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.結構。
【注意】動詞不定式作使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語補足語時應省去to:“一感(feel),二聽(listen to, hear),三讓(let, make, have,,四看(look at, see, watch, notice),半幫助(help)”。
5. 動詞不定式作狀語:主要用來修飾動詞,表示目的,結果或原因。為了強調目的,有時可以把動詞不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to) “為了,目的是”。常用結構有too+adj./adv.+to do sth.等。
6. 固定句式中動詞不定式的用法
常見的有:had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。