


[摘要] 目的 探討導管碎栓溶栓治療高危肺動脈栓塞的療效及安全性。方法 方便選取該院2011年11月—2015年12月收治的高危肺動脈栓塞患者44例,經肺動脈內導管碎栓和局部持續灌注尿激酶溶栓治療,觀察處理前后肺循環改善情況,分析心肺血流動力學的改變。結果 44例高危肺栓塞患者,術前心率、動脈血氧分壓和血壓分別為(120± 26.86)次/min、(72±10.48)mmHg 和(88.12±10.86)mmHg。術后分別為(81 ± 7.84)次/min、(93.76 ± 6.14)mmHg 和(130.22±14.16)mmHg,與治療前比較差異均有統計學意義(P < 0.05)。隨訪7~60 個月,36 例療效持續,1 例復發,3例因原發腫瘤死亡,4例失訪。 結論 肺動脈導管碎溶栓治療對肺栓塞患者具有良好的改善作用,無明顯并發癥,是一種簡單、安全、有效的方法,值得臨床推廣應用。
[關鍵詞] 高危肺栓塞;尿激酶;介入治療;肺動脈;溶栓術
[中圖分類號] R563 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2016)10(b)-0137-03
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of thrombolysis in the treatment of high risk pulmonary embolism. Methods Convenient selection our hospital in November 2011 to December 2015 high-risk patients with pulmonary embolism in 44 cases, the pulmonary artery catheter broken bolt and continuous infusion of local thrombolytic therapy with urokinase were observed before and after the treatment of the pulmonary circulation to improve the situation, analysis of changes in hemodynamics of heart and lung. Results 44 patients at high risk of pulmonary embolism patients, preoperative heart rate, arterial oxygen branch pressure and blood pressure were(120±26.86) beats/min,(72±10.48) mmHg and (88.12±10.86) mmHg. Postoperative respectively (81 ± 7.84) beats/min, (93.76±6.14) mmHg and (130.22 ± 14.16) mmHg, and before treatment differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). Followed up for 7~60 months, 36 cases of curative effect, 1 cases of recurrence, 3 cases of primary tumor death, 4 cases of loss of follow-up. Conclusion Pulmonary artery catheter fragmentation and thrombolysis in patients with pulmonary embolism has a good effect, no obvious complications, is a simple, safe and effective method, it is worth clinical application.
[Key words] High risk of pulmonary embolism; Urokinase; Interventional therapy; Pulmonary artery; Thrombolysis
肺栓塞是肺動脈主干或者分支被大量血栓堵塞導致肺循環障礙的臨床和病理生理綜合征。臨床表現多種多樣, 短期預后也不同,急性肺栓塞病死率可達30%,在西方國家僅次于腫瘤和冠心病居第3位[1-2]。根據國內外尸檢報告誤診、漏診率高達70%,因此及時診斷評估及治療極為重要,該院自2011年11月—2015年12月對44例癥狀性肺栓塞患者采取肺動脈碎栓及溶栓治療,取得了滿意的效果,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
方便選取該院收治的44例肺動脈栓塞,男27例,女17例,年齡最小23歲,最大80歲,平均63歲,就診時間2 h~28 d,主要臨床表現:呼吸困難,咳嗽,胸悶 ,心悸,胸痛,咯血,暈厥等?;A病變:合并下肢靜脈血栓形成28例,外傷或手術或下肢骨折臥床8例,腫瘤5例,腎病綜合征1例,2例原因不明?!?br>