[摘要] 目的 探討腹腔鏡下全子宮切除并發輸尿管損傷的原因及防治。方法 回顧性分析該院2014年1月—2016年1月所收治腹腔鏡下全子宮切除并發輸尿管損傷的5例病人臨床資料。具體包括陰道排液時間、例數及發生原因等。結果 5例在腹腔鏡全子宮切除術后才出現不同程度陰道排液(漏尿),2例在術后3 d,2例在術后1周,1例在術后10 d。系在舉宮杯的指引下單極電鉤環形切開陰道穹窿造成熱損傷輸尿管膀胱壁內段所致。結論 腹腔鏡下全子宮切除并發輸尿管損傷主要與手術者的熟練程度、設備條件及手術難度有關。
[關鍵詞] 腹腔鏡;全子宮;輸尿管損傷
[中圖分類號] R713 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2016)10(b)-0075-03
[Abstract] Objective To summarize the causes and prevention of laparoscopic total hysterectomy complicated with ureteral injury. Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 5 patients with ureteral injury in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2016.The time of vaginal discharge, the number of cases and the reasons of the occurrence of the vaginal discharge were included. Results 5 cases in laparoscopic total hysterectomy after the emergence of different degrees of vaginal discharge (leakage), 2 cases in the three day after the operation, 2 cases in the postoperative week, 1 cases in ten days after surgery. The uterus lifting cup under the guidance of monopolar hook ring incision vaginal fornix heat damage caused by ureteral. Conclusion Laparoscopic total hysterectomy complicated with ureteral injury is mainly related to the proficiency of operator, equipment condition and operation difficulty. The prevention measures: attentions be paid to the ureteral anatomic location; fully separate the bladder outside the cervical mouth; choose energy equipment such as ultrasonic knife to minimalizing electronic damage; checking the ureteral contorts and peristalsis;when meet pelvic adhesion, preoperative placement of ureteral catheter is necessary.
[Key words] Laparoscopic; Total hysterectomy; Ureteral injury
腹腔鏡手術因其創傷小、干擾少、恢復快、痛苦輕等特點,逐漸被廣泛應用于婦科疾病的診治。經過多年的實踐積累、器械更新及操作技巧提升,適應癥及范圍不斷更新,腹腔鏡手術的有效性與安全性已與開腹手術不相上下,并已成為婦科盆腔良惡性腫瘤治療的首選術式。由于腹腔鏡手術是集光、電、力等于一體,且雙手不能直接接著操作部位[1],腹腔鏡全子宮切除是難度最大、操作技術最強的一種術式,如不掌握操作規程和嫻熟操作技巧或不熟悉能源的原理,就有可能造成并發癥。現對該院2014年1月—2016年1月5年間5例腹腔鏡全子宮切除并發輸尿管損傷分析,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
5例患者因子宮肌瘤、子宮腺肌病子宮體增大如孕40 d~12周左右大小,月經過多膀胱壓迫癥狀、痛經,宮頸上皮內瘤樣病變(CINⅠ~ Ⅲ)等是適應癥,志愿行全子宮切除術。……