郭金旭
【摘要】PVC是世界上最早實現工業化生產的塑料品種之一。由于其具有難燃、抗化學腐蝕,耐磨,電絕緣性優良和機械強度較高等優點,在工業,農業,建筑、日用品、包裝以及電力等方面具有廣泛的應用。電石法作為PVC生產工藝中的主要生產方法之一,可以給PVC行業帶來福音的同時也存在著高耗能、高污染、易發生火災、爆炸、中毒等較高風險的缺點。所以在生產裝置、產品質量、生產成本、節能消耗、環保治理等方面還需做出更大的努力,以實現經濟效益與社會效益的雙重發展。本文主要結合電石法在 PVC生產工藝中的原理介紹電石法的現狀及生產中的安全和節能環保等問題。
【關鍵詞】電石法;PVC現狀;節能消耗;環境保護
【Abstract】PVC plastic is one of the world's oldest breed of industrial production. Because of its flame retardant, chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, high electrical insulation and excellent mechanical strength, etc., with a wide range of applications in industry, agriculture, construction, daily necessities, packaging and electric power. Calcium carbide process PVC production process as one of the main production process, can bring the Gospel to the PVC industry, there is also a high energy consumption, high pollution, easy to fire, explosion, poisoning and other shortcomings of higher risk. So in terms of production facilities, product quality, production costs, energy consumption, environmental protection and governance needs to make greater efforts to achieve the dual development of economic and social benefits. In this paper, combined with the principle of calcium carbide process PVC in the production process as described in the status quo and the production of calcium carbide in the safety and environmental protection and other issues.
【Key words】Calcium carbide process;PVC status quo;Energy consumption;Environmental protection
1. 前言
隨著宏觀經濟的快速發展,特別是21世紀以來,PVC行業的產能和產量進入了快速發展的時期,我國是全球增長速度最快的國家。目前我國PVC行業的基本狀況是:
(1)每年進口50%的樹脂;⑵隨著我國PVC行業競爭的日益激烈,幾乎全行業處于虧損和微盈利的不利狀態。結合我國資源油氣不足、石灰石豐富的現狀,PVC中的電石法就在我國具有很好的資源優勢,再加上石油價格的不斷上漲,電石法在PVC生產中所占的比例呈持續升高的趨勢。但是由于電石法是高耗能、高污染的,它的廣泛應用勢必會帶來巨大的污染,由于最近幾年國家政府更加重視、加大環保方面的力度,政府開始積極的鼓勵引導低耗能、高產出的新興產業的發展,而對高耗能、高污染行業如電石法采取限制政策。……