基于聚光太陽能熱發電的聯合循環發電系統

洪慧　彭爍　徐超

摘 要：針對我國西北沙漠地區太陽能資源豐富但缺水嚴重的問題，提出了一種間冷回熱太陽能燃氣輪機與卡林那相結合的聯合循環發電系統。通過“比較法”，推導出太陽能熱發電效率簡明解析式。基于能的品位概念，采用EUD圖像分析方法，探討了新循環各個子過程的不可逆損失，指出了不可逆損失分布特征和太陽能熱發電效率提高的潛力。通過分析關鍵參數對熱力性能的影響，揭示了這種太陽能聯合循環的熱力特性規律。另外，針對傳統太陽能熱發電系統在低輻照時不發電的現狀，提出了一種由太陽能燃氣輪機循環、朗肯循環、卡林那循環組成的聯合循環發電系統，并提出了一種新的運行調變策略，根據太陽輻照強度的變化切換系統流程，從而實現低輻照發電。以新疆地區的氣象條件為例，研究了系統四季典型日的變輻照運行性能。

關鍵詞：太陽能熱發電 熱力循環 卡琳娜循環

Abstract：In order to conserve water for solar thermal power plants in arid area， a new solar tower thermal power system integrating the intercooled gas turbine top cycle and the Kalina bottoming cycle is proposed. The thermodynamic performance of the proposed system is investigated， and the irreversibility of energy conversion is disclosed using the energy-utilization diagram method. A concise analytical formula of solar-to-electric efficiency of the proposed system is developed. As a result， the peak solar-to-electric efficiency of the proposed system is 27.5% at a gas turbine inlet temperature of 1000 °C under the designed solar direct normal irradiance of 800 W/m2. Compared with a conventional solar power tower plant， the proposed integrated system conserves approximately 69% of consumed water. On the other hand， a new solar-driven triple cycle is proposed to allow power generation during low insolation periods. A new operational strategy was presented to generate electricity during low isolation period without the backup of fossil fuel. The off-design performance was investigated and the irreversibility was disclosed with the aid of the energy-utilization diagram method. Thus， the proposed system can utilize low isolation to generate electricity.

Key Words：Concentrating solar power；Power cycle；Kalina cycle

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