全球大地測量基準動態修正與服務

成英燕++曾安敏++張鵬++呂志平++魏娜

摘 要：目標是建立高精度的全球動態地心坐標參考框架，形成我國獨立自主的全球大地測量基準動態修正與服務體系，以滿足國家經濟建設、國防建設、科學研究以及測繪行業現代化對高精度動態基準日益增長的迫切需求。該年度首先從理論上對全球動態地心參考框架維持中觀測數據的誤差特性進行了分析，對不同觀測數據融合時融合方法、函數模型、隨機模型構建進行研究，對全球框架觀測臺站動態特性及穩定性進行分析，并基于多項原則對全球框架核心站點或控制站點進行優化選取，同時考慮到全球及我國框架的高精度維護，課題該年度還開展了基于多種大地測量技術手段確定地球質心的方法的研究，用全球分布GNSS觀測臺站10年觀測數據，采用不同的技術和方法初步獲得的地球質心的運動變化信息。在大網平差算法研究及軟件實現上，研究了全球動態地心參考框架數據處理分布式計算技術，完成法方程層面及觀測方程層面的參考框架數據處理分布式計算算法研究；完成多模衛星定位數據集成處理原型軟件的模塊設計和代碼編寫及大規模網數據組合和平差處理原型軟件的模塊設計和代碼編寫；研究基于國內大規模的GNSS區域網的地心坐標參考框架維持方法；為建立高精度全球動態地心坐標參考框架與維持奠定基礎。

關鍵詞：大地基準 框架維護 大型CORS網 地心運動 動態修正與服務 分布式計算

Abstract： The project studys high-precision dynamic global geocentric reference frame for establishing an independent dynamic correction and service system of global geodetic datum to meet growing urgent needs of precision dynamic geocentric datum for economic construction， national defense， scientific research and modern surveying and mapping industry. In the first year， observation data error characteristics in maintainance of the global dynamic geocentric reference frame were analyzed； and data fusion method， function model， stochastic model building for different observation fusions were studied； meanwhile， dynamics and stability characteristics of observation stations global framework were also analyzed； the core stations of global framework were selected optimally based on several principles； taking into account the maintenance of global and our national framework， the determination methods of geocenter motions also were researched based on a variety of geodetic techniques with 10 years observation data of global distribution GNSS stations， and the preliminary information of geocenter motions were obtained. In large network adjustment algorithm and software implementation， the study of data processing distributed computing technology of global dynamic geocentric reference frame were carried out， and data processing distributed computing algorithms in the normal equation and observation equation levels were completed； module designs and coding of multimode positioning data integration processing prototype software and large-scale network combination&adjustment processing prototype software were finished. The maintenance methods of geocentric reference frame based on national large-scale GNSS network were also researched here for establishing and maintainance of high-precision dynamic global geocentric reference frame.

Key Words： Geodetic datum； Maintainance of reference frame； Large CORS network； Geocenter motion； Dynamic correction and services； Distributed computing

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