書面表達中的倒裝句

林惠娟++周興旺

高考英語試題主要考查同學們對英語知識綜合運用的能力，而書面表達是最能直觀地看出能力水平的題型，它主要測試同學們運用所學的英語知識和技能進行交際的能力。那么，同學們如何在25分鐘內，展示自己熟練運用英語的能力，寫出意思完整、文筆流暢、打動讀者的書面表達？

一篇優秀的書面表達，其中一定應用了較多語法結構。在高中英語重點語法中，倒裝句有其獨特的魅力。在書面表達中，學會恰當地運用倒裝句，不僅能使句子結構更加高級，還能使文章銜接自然，表達效果增強，使書面表達更亮麗。

1. 在書信或者郵件中，用完全倒裝句來回顧往昔，開始話題，既自然又親切。如：

Gone are the days when you visited our school and stayed with my family.

The wonderful summer camp has come to an end， but never will our friendship and experience fade away from my memory.

2. 在建議信，求職信或記敘文中，完全倒裝句可以用于段落過渡。如：

Here comes my advice！

Here goes the story！

There are several reasons accounting for my application.

Now comes the opportunity to fulfill your desire.

3. 在記敘文中進行事件描述時，倒裝句生動而富有活力。如：

Out rushed a boy angrily.

In came my fond mother， saying something inspiring.

4. 在表達相同或類似觀點時，避免重復、累贅。如：

Our society has changed， as/so has our way of life. Only when we adapt ourselves to the changing circumstances can we feel at home.

5. 在說明文中，介紹國家，城市，以及景點的時候，可以用來表示強調、突出。如：

In the center of the city flows the third longest river in the world， the Yongze River， which divides the whole city into three zones.

There follows another famous tour site， the Yellow Tower， where many well-known poets wrote poems.

6. 在求職信中，可以用來表請求，顯示誠意。如：

Were I granted the job， I would be quite appreciative.

Should you grant me a personal interview， I would be most grateful.

7. 在感謝信中，可以用來表示感謝，真摯感人。如：

Had it not been for your help， I couldnt have returned to school and had access to education.

8. 在議論文中，如討論手機利弊時，可以用于表達個人觀點，既肯定它的用途，又適當地過渡到它的弊端上來。如：

From my point of view， useful as the cell phone is， it is never designed for the students to kill time by playing computer games or reading novels on the Internet.

9. 在投訴信，申請信，邀請信等信件中，可以用來表明寫信目的，開門見山。如：

So disappointed am I at your service that I have no alternative but to make a complaint about it.

So interested am I in the post you offer that I cant wait to apply for it.

So meaningful is the activity that I would like to invite you to participate in it.

10. 在各種文體中，表達并列的觀點時，既簡潔有力，又結構緊湊。如：

Not only do I have a good command of English， but I also get on well with others.

Not only does it provide me with a chance to experience a new life， but it also helps to improve my spoken English.

11. 在作文結尾表示決心，達到簡潔有力的效果。如：

By no means will we give in to any difficulty.

Only if we do these three things mentioned above will we make our study enjoyable， efficient and fruitful.

冰凍三尺，非一日之寒。要培養使用倒裝句寫作的能力，同學們要有意識地運用倒裝結構進行造句、漢譯英、句型轉換、縮寫課文和看圖寫話等練習。例如我們可以這樣進行倒裝句句型轉換。

1. We can have a good command of maths through abundant thorough explanations and practice.

[倒裝] Only through abundant thorough explanations and practice can we have a good command of maths.

2. I am not good at swimming. I dont have a good command of swimming skills.

[倒裝] I am not good at swimming. Nor do I have a good command of swimming skills.

3. Homestay is worth trying. It provides me with a chance to experience a new life. It also helps improve my spoken English.

[倒裝] Homestay is worth trying. Not only does it provide me with a chance to experience a new life， but it also helps improve my spoken English.

4. I have missed you much. I cant wait to write to you.

[倒裝] So much have I missed you that I cant wait to write to you.

5. The opportunity that you can fulfill your desire comes now.

[倒裝] Now comes the opportunity that you can fulfill your desire.

句式訓練，不僅可以讓同學們熟練地掌握語法知識，還能幫助同學們樹立一種觀念：語法是為溝通交流和表達思想服務的。長期堅持，同學們就會自然而然地在寫作時寫出地道的好句子。

接下來我們以2015年全國Ⅱ的書面表達題為例，看看可以如何運用倒裝句。

假如你是李華，計劃和同學去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人們過重陽節（the Double Ninth Festival）。請給外教露西寫封郵件，邀她一同前往。內容包括：

1. 出發及返回時間；

2. 活動：包餃子、表演節目等。

注意：

1. 詞數100左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；

3. 結語已為你寫好。

文章在開頭發出邀請的時候，可以運用倒裝句So meaningful is it that I am eager to share with you.表示誠意。

在中間段落談到具體安排的時候，可以用倒裝句Here are some details about our arrangements.既起到過渡作用，又概括了本段主旨，顯得層次分明。

最后用倒裝句Not only do these activities do good to the old， but they also enrich our school life， undoubtedly.說明本次活動的意義，吸引人參與，達到邀請的目的。

毋庸置疑，英語寫作是門技術活，不是三言兩語就能道出玄機，生搬硬套某些句式結構就能做好的。紙上談兵容易，堅持實踐才是最難得的。我們只有身臨其境，堅持練筆，寫作水平才能與日俱增。