內蒙古自治區2011～2015年腎綜合征出血熱流行特征分析

南曉偉++韓松++郭衛東

[摘要]目的 了解近年來內蒙古自治區腎綜合征出血熱（HFRS）流行特征，判斷疾病發展的態勢，為防治該疾病提出建議和對策。方法 應用Excel軟件對2011年1月～2015年12月內蒙古自治區HFRS疫情資料進行流行病學分析。結果 2011～2015年內蒙古自治區累計報告HFRS病例637例，年均發病率0.51/10萬，死亡7例，死亡率為0.56%；高發地區仍集中在呼倫貝爾市，53個旗（縣）報告了HFRS病例；10～12月為發病高峰期；發病年齡以30～65歲人群為主，職業仍以農民為主。結論 內蒙古自治區2014、2015年的HFRS發病率有所升高，HFRS暴發隱患依然存在。各地區要因地制宜地制定有針對性的防治策略，堅持開展以疫苗接種為主和科學滅鼠防鼠的綜合性防治措施，以實現對HFRS的有效控制。

[關鍵詞]腎綜合征出血；監測；流行病學；年平均發病率

[中圖分類號] R512.8 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-4721（2017）02（c）-0153-03

Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2015

NAN Xiao-wei HAN Song GUO Wei-dong▲

Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention of Inner Mongolia Centre for Disease Control and Prevention，Hohhot 010031，China

[Abstract]Objective To understand the recent epidemic status of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in order to judge the trend of development of this disease and to establish measures and recommendations proposed for disease control.Methods The monitoring data of HFRS in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from January 2011 to December 2015 was statristically analyzed with Excel software.Results A total of 637 HFRS cases were reported，the average annual incidence was 0.51/100 000，and 7 deaths were reported with case fatality rate 0.56% in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2015.The HFRS cases mainly concentrated in the Hulunbeier City and 53 flags （county） had HFRS cases.The most infections concentrated in the autumn-winter season，the peak was still from October to December.The age of onset ranged from 30 to 65 years old.Farmer had the highest incidence in all occupations.Conclusion The overall incidence of HFRS in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region showed a slight increased in 2014，2015.The risk of HFRS outbreak still exists.In these areas，the prevention and control should not be neglected，it is necessary to develop targeted prevention，adhere to the comprehensive prevention and control measures to give first place to vaccination and scientific deratization and rat-proofing，in order to achieve effective control of HFRS.

[Key words]Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome；Surveillance；Epidemiology；Average annual incidence腎綜合征出血熱（hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome，HFRS）是由漢坦病毒（Hantavirus，HV）引起的自然疫源性疾病，嚙齒動物為其自然宿主和主要傳染源，在中國廣泛分布，危害極大。2014年以來HFRS疫情呈現緩慢上升態勢。為了解內蒙古地區HFRS疫情流行特征，更好地開展預防控制工作，現將2011～2015年流行情況分析如下。