歐陽少明++饒放萍++劉輝



[摘要]目的 評價經皮椎間孔鏡髓核摘除術(PTED)治療腰椎間盤突出癥(LDH)的效果。方法 選取我院骨科2015年1月~2016年6月收治的42例LDH患者,隨機分為對照組和觀察組,每組21例。對照組行傳統椎板開窗髓核摘除術治療,觀察組予以PTED治療。比較兩組的治療效果。結果 觀察組的切口長度、臥床時間及住院天數短于對照組,術中出血量少于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。觀察組術后的VAS評分和ODI評分顯著低于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。兩組的Mac Nab優良率比較,差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。結論 PTED治療LDH創傷小,術中出血少,術后恢復快,并發癥少,近期療效可靠。
[關鍵詞]腰椎間盤突出;經皮椎間孔鏡髓核摘除術;臨床效果
[中圖分類號] R681.5 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-4721(2017)04(c)-0053-03
[Abstract]Objective To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH).Methods 42 patients with LDH in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,21 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional fenestration discectomy,the observation group was treated with PTED.The therapeutic effects in the two groups were compared.Results The incision length,postoperative bed time,hospital stay in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group,intraoperative bleeding volume in the observation group was less than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).The score of VAS and ODI after operation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the excellent and good rate of Mac Nab (P>0.05).Conclusion PTED in the treatment of LDH has little trauma,less bleeding,faster postoperative recovery,less complications, and reliable short-term efficacy.
[Key words]Lumbar disc herniation;Percutaneous discectomy;Clinical effect
目前臨床治療腰椎間盤突出癥(lumbar disc heniation,LDH)多采用傳統椎板開窗髓核摘除術,可有效解除神經壓迫,緩解腰腿疼痛等癥狀,但也存在創傷大、組織結構破壞多、術后恢復時間長、易復發等問題[1-3]。經皮椎間孔鏡髓核摘除術(percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy,PTED)是一種用于治療腰椎疾病的微創術式,近年來逐漸在臨床被接受和廣泛應用[4-5]。本研究采用PTED治療LDH,旨在為臨床提供LDH的治療依據和參考,現報道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取2015年1月~2016年6月我院收治的42例LDH患者,年齡28~75歲,病程7個月~11年。將本組患者隨機分為對照組和觀察組,每組21例。對照組中,男13例,女8例;年齡(43.27±9.31)歲;病程(5.43±2.20)年;病變節段:L4~L5椎體9例,L5~S1椎體12例。觀察組中,男12例,女9例;年齡(44.09±9.54)歲,病程(5.29±2.17)年;病變節段:L4~L5椎體8例,L5~S1椎體13例。兩組的一般資料比較,差異無統計學意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。納入標準:①經問診、體格檢查、CT、X線等影像學檢查符合LDH臨床表現診斷標準[6];②具有明確的手術適應證;③知情同意并積極配合本次研究。排除標準:①發生嚴重脊柱退變、脊柱不穩等非椎間盤病變引起的腰腿痛;②具有嚴重骨軟化、骨質疏松等手術禁忌證;③移位位置較遠的游離型LDH或中央型椎管狹窄伴嚴重鈣化;④合并肝、腎及造血系統等原發疾病,感染性疾病等不能進行手術者,病損部位既往有手術治療史以及未按規定行保守治療。
1.2治療方法
1.2.1術前準備 患者入院后行常規檢查和影像學檢查,術前常規備皮,并預防性給予抗生素。