分心可能導致跑步者受傷

Runners who have visual and auditory2 distractions may be more likely to hurt legs， according to a research. Whether it is music， texting， daydreaming， taking in the sights， or reading a book on the treadmill3， a distraction is welcome. But， researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may cause hurt.

一個研究表明，跑步者在有視覺和聽覺干擾時更容易腿部受傷。無論是聽音樂、發消息、空想、欣賞風景，或者是在跑步機上看書時，這些干擾通常是可以接受的。但是，佛羅里達大學的研究者們最近發現這些干擾可能會導致受傷。

Daniel Herman， MD， PhD， assistant professor at University of Florida， and his team did a research on the influence of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners. It may include things such as heart rate， how much a runner breathes every minute， how much oxygen4 is used by the body， the speed in which runners use force to their bodies， and so on.

佛羅里達大學助教丹尼爾·赫爾曼醫學博士與他的團隊針對視聽干擾對14名跑步者所帶來影響做了研究。干擾的影響包括心率，跑步者每分鐘的呼吸頻率，身體消耗氧氣的量，跑步者對身體施壓后的速度等等。

The runners were all not hurt at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Hermans team had each participant5 run on a treadmill three times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction， and the runners paid attention to different letters in different colors on a screen. The runners had to note when a lettercolor combination6 appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction. The runners had to note when a word was spoken by a certain voice.

做實驗時，所有跑步者都沒有受傷，并且每星期跑31英里。赫爾曼博士的團隊讓每一個參與者在跑步機上跑了三次。第一次跑步沒有任何干擾。第二次加了一些視覺干擾， 要求跑步者察看屏幕上放映的不同顏色的不同字母，并記下特定顏色的字母組合。第三次又加入了聽覺干擾。與視覺干擾類似，跑步者需要記住每個聲音說出的單詞。

When compared to running without distractions， the participants had faster using of force to their left and right legs， with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced more force from the ground on both legs， with auditory distractions. Finally， the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.

與沒有干擾的跑步過程相比，視聽干擾會使參與者左右腿的力量用得更快。在視聽干擾下，地面對于跑步者的雙腿也會產生更大的作用力。最后，與沒有任何干擾相比，視聽干擾會讓跑步者的呼吸加重、心跳加快。

“Running in environments with different distractions may unfriendly influent running performance and injury risk，” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes these things cannot be avoided. But you may be able to reduce cumulative7 effects as much as possible. For example， when running a new route in a noisy environment， such as during a destination marathon， you may want to avoid listening to something which may require more attention—like a new song playlist.”

“在不同干擾的環境下跑步可能會影響跑步的表現和增大受傷風險，”赫爾曼博士闡述道。“有些時候這些干擾是無法避免的，但是你或許可以盡可能降低干擾疊加的作用。例如，當在新的馬拉松路線中經過一個嘈雜的環境，這時或許你應避免聽需要占用更多注意力的聲音，比如新的音樂播放曲目。”