Module 4 A Social Survey—My Neighbourhood

高考詞匯

sound vi. 聽起來

bother vt. 打擾；煩擾；麻煩

approach vt. 接近

starve vi. 餓死

park vt. 停車

exchange vt. 交換

afford vt. 買得起；有能力支付

survive vi. 死里逃生；大難不死

hometown n. 家鄉

tourist n. 旅游者

rent n. 租金

district n. 地域；區域；行政區

harbour n. 海港

gallery n. 美術館；畫廊

traffic n. 交通

organisation n. 組織

occupation n. 職業

attractive adj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的

fortunate adj. 幸運的；吉祥的

local adj. 地方的；局部的

pretty adv. 很；相當

常用短語

put up 修建；張貼

so far/up to now/till now 到目前為止

get away from 擺脫

a great many 許多；大量

a number of 許多；大量

go up 上升；上漲

make it 做成某事

拓展詞匯

contact vt. 聯絡；聯系（某人）

survey n. 調查

neighbourhood n. 四鄰；街坊

suburb n. 城郊；郊區

nuisance n. 令人討厭的人或事

architecture n. 建筑

committee n. 委員會

household n. 家屬；家人

employment n. 就業；工作；職業

fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的

unemployed adj. 失業的；沒有工作的

gorgeous adj. 美麗的；宜人的

professional adj. 專業的

manual adj. 用手的；手的

過渡詞匯

fight vt. 與……打仗

vi. 打仗；搏斗；對抗

n. 打架；戰斗；打仗

詞匯短語園地

1. sound vi. 聽起來

n. 聲音；聲響

sound可作連系動詞，意為“聽起來”，后面接形容詞或分詞作表語，不能接副詞。

What he said sounds reasonable.

他說的聽起來是有道理的。

She didnt sound surprised when I told her the news.

我把消息告訴她時，她好像并不感到驚訝。

比較：sound， voice和noise的區別

（1） sound作名詞表“聲音；響聲”，統指人所聽到的任何聲音。a sound是“一種聲音”，sounds是“多種”聲音。

We heard sounds of laughter from the next room.

我們聽到隔壁房間傳來陣陣笑聲。

（2） voice特指人發出的聲音，指嗓音、說話聲、歌唱聲。

She has a loud/high/charming voice.

她的嗓音很大/很高/很悅耳。

（3） noise指音量大而難聽的聲音。

Stop making so much noise！

別吵了！

2. pretty adv. 相當；很；非常

pretty 可以作副詞，也可以作形容詞。

（1） 副詞用法：pretty good相當好；pretty soon很快；pretty easy相當容易。

Im pretty sure Ill be going.

我相當肯定我會去的。

Its pretty hard to explain.

這事很難解釋清楚。

（2） 作形容詞時，意為“漂亮的；可愛的”，一般用于女子或小孩。

The pretty girl is very shy and always hides behind her mother.

這個漂亮的女孩很害羞，總是藏在她媽媽的后面。

You look so pretty in that dress.

你穿那條連衣裙真漂亮。

3. bother vt. & vi. 打擾；煩擾；麻煩

（1） bother with/about sth 花費精力、時間（做某事）

Its not worth bothering with an umbrella—the car is just outside.

不必打傘，汽車就在外面。

（2） bother sb about/with sth 使（某人）煩惱；給（某人）造成麻煩

Im sorry that I have to bother you with this problem.

對不起，我不得不用這個問題來麻煩你了。

（3） bother to do sth 煩心 / 費事做某事

He didnt even bother to say thank you.

他甚至沒有說聲謝謝。

（4） 在口語中，Dont bother主要用于謝絕對方主動提出的善意幫助，意為“不用費心、不用麻煩”。

— Shall I help you with the washing up？

要不要我幫你洗碗？

— Dont bother. Ill do it later.

不必麻煩了，我等一會再洗。

4. approach vt. 接近

It is not allowed to approach the forbidden area.

這里是禁區，不許接近。

As you approach the town， youll see the college on the left.

快到市鎮時，你就可以看見左邊的學院。

5. afford vt. 買得起；有能力支付

afford直接跟名詞或動詞不定式作賓語，常和情態動詞can或be able to連用。

He can afford the apartment.

他能買得起這套住房。

We werent able to afford to buy such an expensive car at that time.

我們那時買不起這么昂貴的汽車。

6. exchange vt. 交換

（1） exchange sth （with sb） （與某人）交換某物

Juliet and David exchanged glances.

朱麗葉和戴維相互看了看對方。

I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.

我與經理握手，相互交談了幾句。

（2） exchange A for B 用A去換B

You can exchange your current for dollars in the hotel.

你可以在旅館把你的錢兌換成美元。

May I exchange this for something？

我可以用這個換別的東西嗎？

exchangeable adj. 可交換的；可交易的；可兌換的

7. fortunate adj. 幸運的；吉祥的

（1） be fortunate in 在……方面很幸運

He is fortunate in having such nice friends.

他真幸運，有這樣好的朋友。

（2） be fortunate to do sth 做某事很幸運

You are very fortunate to have such a pleasant house.

你真幸運，有這么好的房子。

（3） fortunate （for sb） that （對某人）幸運的是……

Its very fortunate that we have Emma here.

真幸運，愛瑪和我們在一起。

fortune n. 財富；運氣

unfortunate adj. 不幸的

fortunately adv. 幸運地

8. attractive adj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的

...be attractive to sb ……對某人有吸引力

Her beauty is very attractive to him.

她的美貌對他很有吸引力。

Mr Li is becoming attractive to her.

李先生變得對她具有吸引力了。

attract v. 吸引；使喜愛；引起……好感

attraction n. 吸引（力）；有吸引力的人或物

9. survive vi. & vt. 死里逃生；大難不死；艱難度過

Of the six people injured in the plane crash， only two survived.

在飛機墜毀中受傷的六個人中，只有兩個人活了下來。

（1） survive from sth 從……幸存下來

Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.

有些奇異的風俗是從早年留存下來的。

（2） survive on 靠……活下來；靠……生活

I cant survive on ￡40 a week.

一個星期40英鎊，我無法維持生活。

（3） survive as 作為……生存下去

He survived as party leader until his second election defeat.

直至第二次參選失敗他才不再擔任黨的領導人。

10. contact vt. & n. 聯絡；聯系某人

（1） contact sb 聯絡、聯系某人

If you are free， please contact me.

如果你有空，請聯系我。

Contact the police immediately.

立刻與警方聯絡。

（2） be in contact with 和……有聯系

Have you been in contact with your sister recently？

最近你和你的姐姐有聯系嗎？

（3） be out of contact with 和……沒有聯系

I have been out of contact with her for three years.

我和她失去聯系已有三年。

（4） lose contact with 與……失去聯絡

In the World War II， too many friends lost contact with each other.

在第二次世界大戰中，許多朋友失去了聯系。

（5） stay/keep in contact with 與……保持聯系

Though they havent seen each other for a long time， they still stay in contact with each other on the Internet.

盡管已很長時間沒見面了，他們仍在網上保持聯系。

（6） make contact with 與……取得聯系

They made contact with headquarters by radio.

他們用無線電跟總部取得了聯系。

（7） come into contact with 與……接觸；碰見

There I came into contact with some artists.

在那兒我接觸了一些藝術家。

11. a number of 許多；大量

a number of，the number of，numbers of 均修飾可數名詞，區別如下：

（1） a number of 許多；大量（謂語動詞用復數）

A number of students have read this book.

很多學生都讀了這本書。

（2） the number of ……的數目（謂語動詞用單數）

The number of giant pandas is growing.

大熊貓的數量在增加。

（3） numbers of 很多（謂語動詞用復數）

Huge numbers of birds have flocked together by the lake.

成群的鳥聚集在湖畔。

12. a great many 許多；大量

a great many修飾可數名詞復數（謂語動詞用復數）

The young couple has traveled a great many cities since they got married.

這對年輕夫婦自從結婚后已經旅行了很多城市。

A great many students were sent to the West to help the children there.

大量學生被派往西部幫助那里的孩子。

比較：a great many和a great many of的區別

（1） a great many后直接修飾名詞，名詞可以有修飾語。

a great many students/a great many young students

（2） a great many of后主要接：

①代詞：a great many of them

②受冠詞修飾的名詞：a great many of the students

③受these， those修飾的名詞：a great many of these students

④受物主代詞修飾的名詞：a great many of my students

⑤受所有格修飾的名詞：a great many of Toms students

13. put up 修建；建立；樹立

put up a building/fence/memorial/tent

蓋樓房 / 架籬笆 / 修紀念碑 / 搭帳篷

（1） 慫恿；唆使

I cant believe hed do a thing like that on his own. He must have been put up to it by some of the older boys.

我不相信他會主動干那種事，一定是有些年齡大的男孩子叫他干的。

（2） 提升；使升高

She put her hair up.

她把頭發綰在頭上。

（3） 提高；增加

My landlord is threatening to put the rent up by 10 a week.

我的房東要挾說要把每周租金提高10英鎊。

（4） 留某人住在家中

We can put you up for the night.

我們可以招待你過夜。

（5）（在戰斗、競賽中）顯示；表現

They surrendered without putting up much of a fight.

他們沒怎么抵抗就投降了。

（6） 推薦；提名

The Green Party hopes to put up a number of candidates in the General Election.

綠黨希望提出若干候選人參加大選。

（7） 張貼；置……于明顯位置

put up a notice/a poster 張貼通知 / 海報

跟蹤導練（一）

閱讀理解

A

Below is a discussion on a website.

http：//www.TalkingPoints.com/

On an island

Started on 23rd April by Steve Posts 1 – 7 of 42

Post 1

Steve

USA Hi， everyone. What would you miss most and least if you were on an island？ For me， it would be the changing season in New England. I guess this will sound stupid， but Id miss the rain， too. I wouldnt miss getting up at six every day to go to work， though！ What about you？

Post 2

Tomas

Germany Good question， Steve. I think Id miss different kinds of bread， and shopping at the supermarket. Id miss the food most. What would I miss least？ My mobile phone. Id like to be completely quiet—at least for an hour.

Post 3

Paola

Italy I would miss my friends and workmates because I know Id like to share experiences with them. Id go crazy on my own. And Im sure I wouldnt miss junk mail. I hate coming home every evening and a lot of junk mails in my post box.

Post 4

Miko

Japan Hi， I would miss Manga cartoon， the Internet and Japanese food， like sushi. Id also miss TV shows and shopping for clothes... In fact， Id miss everything.

Post 5

Roger

UK I would miss my daily newspaper and listening to the news on TV and radio. Id feel very cut off if I didnt know what was happening in the world. What Id miss least would be traffic jams （堵車） in the city， especially my journey to work.

Post 6

Jayne Why hasnt anyone mentioned their family？ Id be lost without my husband and two kids. Theyre the most important people for me. And I cant get started in the morning without a cup of black coffee. I wouldnt miss doing the housework！

Post 7

Jaime

Mexico It would have to be music. I couldnt live without my music. I wouldnt miss going to school at all or doing homework！

1. Who would miss the family most？

A. Jaime. B. Jayne. C. Miko. D. Paola.

2. Who would feel most uncomfortable without the news media？

A. Steve. B. Jaime. C. Roger. D. Tomas.

3. Who would miss mobile phone least？

A. Paola. B. Tomas. C. Miko. D. Steve.

4. How many of the seven persons would miss food or drink？

A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.

B

Tony Wheeler was born to travel. His father worked for an airline. For the first 16 years of his life， Wheeler and his family lived in many different countries.

In the early 1970s， Wheeler met a young woman named Maureen. They soon married. Before getting jobs， Tony and Maureen wanted to travel. They took a year-long trip from London， through Asia， to Australia. On the trip， they visited places like India， Iran， and Afghanistan.

When Tony and Maureen arrived in Australia， people asked many questions about their trip. To answer these questions， Wheeler wrote a guidebook called Across Asia on the Cheap. The book told people about different countries weather， customs， and places to see. But unlike travel guides in the 1970s， Wheelers book also talked about places most tourists did not go. He also wrote about unusual things to see and do. The book was very popular.

Wheeler and Maureen started a company called Lonely Planet. They continued travelling. They wrote guidebooks for each place they visited. Today， 400 people work for Lonely Planet. The company has over 650 guidebooks. Wheeler still writes about travel “hot spots” （for example， Cambodia in Asia and Croatia in Europe）. For more information， read the books！

5. Tony Wheelers first guidebook was about a trip ___ .

A. from Australia to the United Kingdom

B. from Australia to Afghanistan

C. from England to Australia

D. from Asia to England

6. Why did Tony Wheeler write his first guidebook？

A. He needed the money.

B. He liked writing books.

C. His wife asked him to do it.

D. Many people asked questions about his travels.

7. How was Across Asia on the Cheap different from other travel guides？

A. It was longer and more expensive.

B. It was the first guidebook about Asia.

C. It talked about places most tourists did not go.

D. It told people about a countrys weather， customs， and places to see.

8. What is true about Tony according to the text？

A. He has left Lonely Planet.

B. His first guidebook was not popular.

C. He still travels and writes guidebooks.

D. He didnt travel with Maureen after the first trip.

跟蹤導練（二）

完形填空

It was Toms first visit to England， and he was looking forward to his first journey， on Londons Underground Railway. And against his friends ， he was determined to travel .

He entered the station shortly after five oclock in the afternoon. This is a time to travel in London， crowds of people go home from work at this hour. He to join a long line of people waiting for tickets. When at last his came， he had some difficulty in making himself understood by the ticket seller. ， he got the right ticket in the end and by asking people the ， he also found the right platform. It was tight with people. He did not to get on the first train， but he was able to move nearer to the platform so as to be in a better to get on the next one. When this train came in， Tom was forward onto the train by the of people from behind. The doors closed and the train moved off. He was unable to see the of the stations where the train ， but he knew that the station he wanted was the sixth stop along the line. When the train the sixth station， Tom got off， feeling that his journey had been so easy. But he suddenly realized that he had come to a station he had never . He explained his to a man who was standing on the platform. With a smile on his face， he told Tom that he had a train going in the opposite direction.

1. A. thought B. advice C. relation D. action

2. A. alone B. abroad C. freely D. bravely

3. A. short B. certain C. possible D. bad

4. A. for B. and C. so D. but

5. A. planned B. had C. happened D. hoped

6. A. luck B. time C. chance D. turn

7. A. Thus B. Instead C. Therefore D. However

8. A. question B. way C. place D. condition

9. A. packed B. mixed C. covered D. held

10. A. manage B. try C. agree D. expect

11. A. situation B. direction C. position D. seat

12. A. fought B. swept C. drawn D. brought

13. A. speed B. support C. challenge D. push

14. A. signs B. points C. names D. numbers

15. A. left B. stopped C. turned D. moved

16. A. passed B. changed C. reached D. followed

17. A. glad B. sick C. sorry D. tired

18. A. thought of B. heard of C. arrived at D. talked about

19. A. result B. mistake C. difficulty D. ticket

20. A. got B. caught C. met D. travelled