崔馨月,具紅光,劉 笛,計 禹,樸 錦
(延邊大學 農學院,吉林延吉 133002)
土壤改良對關蒼術蒼術酮含量的影響研究
崔馨月,具紅光,劉 笛,計 禹,樸 錦*
(延邊大學 農學院,吉林延吉 133002)
采用正交設計研究不同土壤改良基質(硅藻土、木醋液、鹿糞及腐殖土)對關蒼術蒼術酮含量的影響,以期為關蒼術的規范化栽培、蒼術酮含量提高及有效利用提供理論指導。結果表明:4種改良基質對蒼術酮含量的影響依次為腐殖土>木醋液>鹿糞>硅藻土,最佳組合為每平方米土壤中施木醋液20 mL、鹿糞2 kg、腐殖土15 kg,再施一定量的硅藻土(1~5 kg),此最佳組合下蒼術酮平均含量的95%置信區間是[6.418 mg·g-1,10.310 mg·g-1];土壤改良對3年生關蒼術根莖的蒼術酮含量有顯著影響,對4年生、5年生關蒼術根莖的蒼術酮無顯著效果。
關蒼術;土壤改良;蒼術酮
Abstract:The effects of different soil improvement groups on the atractylon contents of Atractylodes japonica were studied by orthogonal design using diatomite,water of wood vinegar,deer dung and humus.The results showed that,firstly,the effect rank of four improved matrices on the content of atractylon was humic soil>water of wood vinegar> deer dung>diatomite;secondly,the best combination was per square meter of soil with water of wood vinegar 20 mL,deer dung 2 kg,humus 15 kg,and then with a certain amount of diatomaceous earth(1~5 kg),and the average atractylon content was[6.418 mg·g-1,10.310 mg·g-1];thirdly,the soil improvement had significant effect on the atractylon content of the rhizome of the three-year-oldA.japonica,but had no significant effect on these four years old and five years old.
KeyWords:Atractylodes japonica;soil improvement;atractylon
關蒼術Atractylodes japonica屬于菊科菜薊族Cynareae刺苞亞族Carlininae O.Hoffm蒼術屬植物[1],是我國常用的中草藥。關蒼術的藥用部位是根莖,其主要有效成分由倍半萜類、聚乙烯炔類及少量的酚類成分組成,其中倍半萜類以蒼術酮為主。蒼術酮具有降血糖[2]、保肝[3],抗炎、抗衰老、抗腫瘤[4]等功效。
目前蒼術的研究大多集中在有效成分和藥理作用。關麗穎等[5]發現蒼術酮主要存在于關蒼術的根莖中,須根中未見蒼術酮存在;孟鶴[6]等發現蒼術酮含量隨炒制時間的長短發生變化;具紅光等研究[7]發現大棚內栽培的關蒼術比對照蒼術酮含量明顯增加,其增幅為3~4 mg·g-1;馬玲等[8]通過比較茅蒼術、北蒼術和關蒼術的蒼術酮含量,認為關蒼術中蒼術酮含量最少,只達到1%~3%;……