蘭炭基活性炭的制備工藝優(yōu)化及吸附性能研究

慕苗，亢玉紅，楊猛，閆龍，白妮

（1. 榆林學(xué)院 化學(xué)與化工學(xué)院， 陜西 榆林 719000；2. 陜西延長(zhǎng)石油（集團(tuán)）有限責(zé)任公司碳?xì)涓咝Ю眉夹g(shù)研究中心，陜西 西安 710075）

蘭炭基活性炭的制備工藝優(yōu)化及吸附性能研究

慕苗1，亢玉紅1，楊猛2，閆龍1，白妮1

（1. 榆林學(xué)院 化學(xué)與化工學(xué)院， 陜西 榆林 719000；2. 陜西延長(zhǎng)石油（集團(tuán)）有限責(zé)任公司碳?xì)涓咝Ю眉夹g(shù)研究中心，陜西 西安 710075）

以榆林某公司的蘭炭為原料，KOH粉末為活化劑制備活性炭。通過(guò)改變活化過(guò)程中時(shí)間、溫度、炭堿比等因素，從而探究活性炭的碘吸附能力。通過(guò)響應(yīng)曲面優(yōu)化處理活性炭制備過(guò)程中活化因素，從而確定最佳工藝。采用比表面積測(cè)定，紅外光譜分析，掃描 SEM電鏡等對(duì)活性炭結(jié)構(gòu)及性能表征進(jìn)行分析結(jié)果表明，上述活化條件都會(huì)影響活性炭吸附能力和孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)活化過(guò)程中的溫度達(dá)到750 ℃，時(shí)間為0.5 h，炭堿比為1∶3的時(shí)候，KOH的活化效果最佳，所制樣品的碘吸附值最大且為1 162.91 mg/g, 其BET比表面積可達(dá)655.15 m2/g, Langmuir比表面積為908.22 m2/g。通過(guò)紅外分析可知活性炭與預(yù)處理蘭炭原料紅外光譜圖走勢(shì)極其相似，只是活性炭出現(xiàn)了較強(qiáng)的芳基烷基醚C-O伸縮振動(dòng)峰。通過(guò)掃描顯微電鏡分析可知與原料蘭炭相比，活性炭樣品組織表面非常粗糙并且有大量的孔隙出現(xiàn)，樣品結(jié)構(gòu)非常疏松。

活性炭；響應(yīng)曲面；KOH; 碘吸附值

Abstract:Taking semi-coke of a Yulin company as raw material, KOH powder as activator, acticvated carbon was prepared. The iodine adsorption capacities of different activated carbon samples prepared under different activation time, temperature, carbon-alkali ratio and other factors were investigated. The optimal process was determined by optimizing the activation factors during the preparation of the activated carbon by the response surface. The structure and properties of activated carbon were analyzed by specific surface area measurement, infrared spectroscopy,scanning SEM and so on. The results show that the activation conditions can affect the adsorption capacity and pore structure of activated carbon. When the activation temperature is 750 ℃, the time is 0.5 h and the ratio of carbon to alkali is 1: 3, the activation effect of KOH is the best, and the iodine adsorption value of the sample is 1 162.91 mg/g,the BET specific surface area is up to 655.15 m2/g, Langmuir specific surface area is 908.22 m2/g. The infrared spectra show that the infrared spectrum of the activated carbon is very similar to one of the pretreated semi-coke raw material,but the activated carbon has a strong aryl alkyl ether C-O stretching vibration peak. The microstructure of the activated carbon sample is very rough and a large number of pores appear on the surface of the activated carbon sample, and the

sample structure is very loose.

Key words:Activated carbon; Response surface; KOH;Iodine adsorption value

被譽(yù)為“蘭炭之都”的榆林，擁有著豐富的煤資源，有非常多的煤化工產(chǎn)業(yè)[1,2]。蘭炭是由煤經(jīng)過(guò)中低溫處理所形成的一種清潔煤種，它的固定碳含量、比電阻率、化學(xué)活性都很高，灰分率、含硫率、含磷率、含水率都非常低，但它的抗壓強(qiáng)度很小，易碎[3-5]?！?br>