蘇式歷史風貌建筑抗震鑒定與加固技術研究

王一中，宋建學，湯義鵬

(鄭州大學 土木工程學院，河南 鄭州 450001)

蘇式歷史風貌建筑抗震鑒定與加固技術研究

王一中，宋建學，湯義鵬

(鄭州大學 土木工程學院，河南 鄭州 450001)

選擇蘇聯援華時期典型歷史風貌建筑進行抗震鑒定與加固。通過抗震鑒定與驗算發現：從平面上看，工程各層縱橫內墻交界處抗震能力最弱，兩端橫向外墻的抗震能力次之，工程陰角、陽角處墻體抗震性能普遍薄弱；從豎向看，工程頂層內縱墻的抗震性能最好，一二層交界處、梁上部新增內墻部位抗震能力最弱。抗震加固計算表明：僅增設圈梁、構造柱仍不能滿足抗震要求，還需要對內、外墻采用鋼筋網片粉刷細石混凝土面層加強措施。

土木建筑結構；抗震性能；鑒定加固；歷史風貌建筑

Abstract：Seismic identification and reinforcement of earthquake resistance appraisal and reinforcement for the typical Soviet-style historical buildings during the period of close relationship between China and Soviet Union. Through the seismic evaluation and checking, it is found that from the plane, the seismic capability of the horizontal wall at the junction of each layer is weakest, followed by outer lateral walls at both ends, and the walls at internal corners and external corners generally have a poor seismic performance; From the vertical view, the seismic capacity of the borders between the 1st floor and the 2nd floor and the newly added inner walls at the top of beams are the weakest, while the inner longitudinal walls at the top floor have a best seismic performance. The seismic reinforcement design shows that only adding the ring beam and the structural column cannot meet the seismic requirements, but also the reinforcement measures for the internal and external walls using the steel mesh to whitewash the fine stone concrete surface.Keywords：civil engineering architecture; seismic performance; identification and reinforcement; historic buildings

歷史風貌建筑包含[1]：建成50 a以上，在建筑樣式、結構、施工工藝和工程技術等方面具有建筑藝術特色和科學價值；反映一個區域歷史文化和民俗傳統，具有時代特色和地域特色；具有異國建筑風格特點；著名建筑師的代表作品；在革命發展史上具有特殊紀念意義；在產業發展史上具有代表性的作坊、商鋪、廠房和倉庫等；名人故居及其他具有特殊歷史意義的建筑。

歷史風貌建筑一般為砌體結構[2]。由于結構材料強度偏低、整體性差且通常沒有考慮地震作用影響等，特別是隨著時間推移，這類建筑往往存在腐蝕、不均勻沉降、裂縫等病害，有的已成為危險房屋[3]。對這類建筑進行鑒定、加固具有社會意義和工程價值。……