陽極爐煙氣潔凈化治理技術應用實踐

唐照勇， 瞿尚君， 邵志超， 葉新軍， 秦 茜

(金川集團股份有限公司化工廠， 甘肅金昌 737100)

設備與自動化

陽極爐煙氣潔凈化治理技術應用實踐

唐照勇， 瞿尚君， 邵志超， 葉新軍， 秦 茜

(金川集團股份有限公司化工廠， 甘肅金昌 737100)

主要介紹了鈉堿法脫硫工藝成功應用于陽極爐煙氣的潔凈化治理。創新性的應用了集成式脫硫塔，將煙氣凈化、降溫、吸收集成于一臺脫硫塔，在后端設置尾氣吸收塔作為保安塔，系統脫硫效率能夠保證在96%以上，在運行過程中應用了雙介質脫硫工藝，使無水亞硫酸鈉生產過程中廢液得到充分的利用，通過強制串液的方式將尾氣吸收塔液堿二次循環使用，年可節約新水消耗20 kt，減少液堿消耗400 t，同時研究了Na2SO4結晶的臨界控制點，通過降低吸收液Na2SO4過飽和度、控制吸收pH值、控制循環液溫度、優化堿液濃度等方式，減少了吸收過程中結晶現象。

陽極爐 煙氣脫硫 集成式脫硫塔 鈉堿法 結晶

Abstract: Desulphurization process by sodium alkali method successfully applied to the anode furnace flue gas clean treatment is described. The flue gas purification, cooling, absorption were integrated in a desulphurization tower, becoming an integrated desulphurization tower innovatively. Tail gas absorber set in the back as a security tower, and the desulphurization efficiency of system can be guaranteed more than 96%. In the course of the operation, a dual-media desulphurization process was used to make sure the waste liquid in the Na2SO3production process fully utilized. The way of forcing cross-acid made the liquid alkali secondary cycle, saving the new water consumption of 20 kt and reduce alkali consumption of 400 t per year. The critical control point of Na2SO4crystallization is investigated. By reducing the supersaturation of Na2SO4absorbing liquid, controlling the pH value, controlling the temperature of the circulating liquid, optimizing the alkali concentration, crystallization in absorption process was reduced.

Keywords: anode furnace; flue gas desulphurization; integrated desulphurization tower; sodium alkali method; crystallization

陽極爐是火法精煉過程中的重要工序，主要作用是通過氧化、還原反應將吹煉過程中產生的粗銅(質量分數98.0%～99.3%)進一步除雜和精煉，在生產過程中使用重油作為燃料，煤基固體作為還原劑。其煙氣主要具有以下特點：① 煙氣濃度不穩定，SO2體積分數在0.01%～0.3%；② 系統無收塵設施，煙氣含塵質量濃度最高達2 g/m3(正常冶煉煙氣含塵質量濃度為0.2 g/m3)；③ 陽極爐不同作業周期煙氣氣量、溫度、煙氣濃度、含塵量等參數均存在較大波動。

1 脫硫工藝的選擇

針對陽極爐煙氣特點，通過運行成本和各類技術經濟指標的對比，最終選用了鈉堿法脫硫工藝，選擇鈉堿法脫硫吸收工藝有以下的主要優勢：