鄭懷禮+陳楠+徐斌成+馮力+鄭欣鈺+鄭超凡+張世欣+劉澤楠
摘 要:絮凝法是最重要的水污染控制方法之一。絮凝劑是絮凝污染控制方法的關(guān)鍵部分和核心基礎(chǔ),對(duì)最終的水處理效果起著至關(guān)重要的影響。其中,陽(yáng)離子聚丙烯酰胺是一類重要的水處理劑,在水處理領(lǐng)域一直備受關(guān)注。綜述了陽(yáng)離子聚丙烯酰胺自由基共聚合法的引發(fā)體系與研究進(jìn)展,主要介紹了偶氮類引發(fā)體系、氧化還原引發(fā)體系、復(fù)合引發(fā)體系和紫外光引發(fā)體系的特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)用,闡述了陽(yáng)離子聚丙烯酰胺中常用的共聚陽(yáng)離子單體的種類和應(yīng)用,對(duì)陽(yáng)離子聚丙烯酰胺未來(lái)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和研究方向進(jìn)行了展望。
關(guān)鍵詞:陽(yáng)離子聚丙烯酰胺;水處理劑;共聚合;引發(fā)體系;陽(yáng)離子單體
中圖分類號(hào):X703.1
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):1674-4764(2017)05-0116-07
Abstract:Flocculation is one of the most important water pollution control methods. Flocculant is a key foundation of flocculation pollution control method, which plays a vital role in the final water treatment effect. Among these, cationic polyacrylamide is an important type of water treatment agent, which has been of concern in the field of water treatment. The initiation system in the free radical copolymerization and research progress of cationic polyacrylamide are summarized. Characteristics and application of initiation system in the polymerization, such as azo-initiator system, redox initiation system, complex initiation system and UV initiation system are introduced mainly. The types and application of common cationic monomers in the copolymerization are elaborated. Furthermore, its future development tendency and research direction are predicted.
Keywords:cationic polyacrylamide;water treatment agent;copolymerization; initiation system; cationic monomer
中國(guó)是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重缺水的國(guó)家,隨著城市化和工業(yè)化的發(fā)展,污水排放量日益增加,水體污染問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)重,水資源短缺問(wèn)題更加嚴(yán)峻,對(duì)人類的生產(chǎn)生活產(chǎn)生一系列不利影響。因此,選擇合理的水處理方法以確保環(huán)境、人類健康安全和社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。污泥是污水處理的副產(chǎn)物,在污水處理過(guò)程中,通常會(huì)產(chǎn)生約占污水處理總量0.5%~1%的污泥,其含水率高,成分復(fù)雜,脫水困難,如果不對(duì)污泥進(jìn)行合理有效的處置,不僅會(huì)影響污水處理廠的出水水質(zhì),而且,會(huì)對(duì)周圍環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重污染,因此,污泥的處理處置已經(jīng)逐漸引起人們的重視[1-3]。
絮凝法是一種高效處理污水和污泥的方法[4],絮凝法能否高效處理污泥或污水,關(guān)鍵在于絮凝劑類型的選擇[5-7]。……