成都來福士，成都，中國CapitaLand Raのes City Chengdu, Chengdu, China, 2012

建筑設計：斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務所Architects: Steven Holl Architects

成都來福士，成都，中國
CapitaLand Raのes City Chengdu, Chengdu, China, 2012

建筑設計：斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務所Architects: Steven Holl Architects

切開的通透體快

成都來福士位于成都市中心一環路和人民南路交會處，“切開的通透體快”創造了巨大的公共廣場，是多功能的城市綜合體。項目旨在建造一個都市公共空間，而不是僅僅打造一個地標性摩天大樓。項目面積約28萬m2的建筑形態源于自然光線的分布。為保證周邊城市體塊獲得最小化的日光直射，機構骨骼式的混泥土框架被以特定的幾何角度準確切分。建筑結構為白色混泥土，1.83m開口滿足地震對角線要求；而被“切開”的剖面為玻璃。

大型公共區形成的地塊中心組成三座“河谷”，設計靈感來自當地的偉大詩人杜甫（713-770）的詩句“支離東北風塵際，漂泊西南天地間，三峽樓臺淹日月，五溪衣服共云山”。三個廣場上流水花園的設計以時間觀念為基礎，分別寓意著中國的年月日。三個水池充當下方6層高的購物中心的天窗。

“微型都市生活體”的理念在大都會場地內創造了適合人居住尺度的建筑，雙門商店朝向大街和購物中心開放。三個巨大的開口分別是斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務所設計的歷史館、利布斯·伍茲設計的光之館和中國雕塑家韓美林設計的本土藝術館。

成都來福士由468個地熱井供熱和制冷、廣場中巨大的池塘可回收雨水，天然草地和睡蓮帶來了天然的冷卻效果。項目采用高性能的玻璃、高效節能設備和當地材料等多種措施達到LEED黃金認證標準。

關于入口

斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務所的方案切開的通透體快的核心是多孔城市。該地段的醒目位置，毗鄰人民南路，為創建一個城市平臺的可能性提供了一系列獨特的優勢，城市平臺將以12,000m2廣場的形式坐落在這個項目的中心，而所有的功能和活動都將圍繞著它來組織。這一公共空間自然地融合了人民南路的開放空間，成為遍布全市的局部開放空間網絡的獨特補充。這個公共平臺有5個主要入口，每一個都是由臨近環境的特定視圖和人行通道提煉出來的。這些入口是由建筑形式的空隙提供的，增強了多孔的理念。這些開口不僅能使人達到多層廣場，而且還可以使人達到項目中大量的末端部分，因此將多孔的概念應用于該項目的內部功能空間。切開的通透體快的核心提案使得城市中的社交平臺的景觀蓬勃發展，并已成為一個成都的本地人和游客都常去的地點。□（陳雨瀟 譯；入口一段由斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務所北京區總監羅伯特撰寫）

1 概念草圖/Concept skecthes

3 概念草圖/Concept skecthes

2 概念草圖/Concept skecthes

4 概念草圖/Concept skecthes

5 從人民南路看切開的通透體塊/Sliced Porosity Block as seen from Ren Min Nan Lu

6 外景/Exterior view

7 總平面/Master plan

8 位于綜合體中心的公共廣場與成都開放的社交環境融為一體/A public plaza, at the centre of the complex, merges with Chengdu's network of open and social places.

9 太陽光板向周圍建筑提供自然光/Sun slices provide natural light to neighboring buildings

10 多功能綜合體的中心是一個12,000m2的多層廣場/A 12,000m2 multi-level plaza is provided at the centre of this mix-use complex

Sliced Porosity Block

In the centre of Chengdu, China, at the intersection of the first Ring Road and Ren Min Nan Road, the Sliced Porosity Block-CapitaLand Raffles City forms large public plazas with a hybrid of different functions.Creating a metropolitan public space instead of objecticon skyscrapers, this three-million-square-foot project takes its shape from its distribution of natural light.The required minimum sunlight exposures to the surrounding urban fabric prescribe precise geometric angles that slice the exoskeletal concrete frame of the structure. The building structure is white concrete organised in six-foot-high openings with earthquake diagonals as required while the "sliced" sections are glass.

The large public space framed in the centre of the block is formed into three valleys inspired by a poem of the city's greatest poet, DU Fu (713-770 CE),who wrote, "From the northeast storm-tossed to the southwest, time has left stranded in Three Valleys."The three plaza levels feature water gardens based on concepts of time – the Fountain of the Chinese Calendar Year, Fountain of Twelve Months, and Fountain of そirty Days. These three ponds function as skylights to the six-story shopping precinct below.

Establishing human scale in this metropolitan rectangle is achieved through the concept of "micro urbanism," with double-fronted shops open to the street as well as the shopping centre. Three large openings are sculpted into the mass of the towers as the sites of the pavilion of history, designed by Steven Holl Architects, the Light Pavilion by Lebbeus Woods, and the Local Art Pavilion.

The Sliced Porosity Block is heated and cooled with 468 geothermal wells and the large ponds in the plaza harvest recycled rainwater, while the natural grasses and lily pads create a natural cooling effect.High performance glazing, energy-eきcient equipment and the use of regional materials are among the other methods employed to reach the LEED Gold rating.

Entrance

Urban Porosity is at the centre of Steven Holl Architect's proposal in the Sliced Porosity Block.

The prominent location of the site, adjacent to Ren Min Nan Lu, provided a unique set of advantages that would potentiate the creation of an urban platform, in the shape of a 12,000m2plaza at the centre of this project, around which all programme functions and activities would be organized.

This public space merged naturally with the open space of Ren Min Nan Lu, becoming a singular addition to the network of vernacular open spaces distributed throughout the city.

There are 5 main entrances to this public platform, each one drawn from specific view and pedestrian corridors in the immediate surroundings.These entrances were provided by voids operating the architectural form, enhancing the principles of Porosity.

These openings would not only provide access to the multi-level plaza, but would also provide access to the large retail component of the project,therefore applying the idea of Porosity to interior programme spaces of the project.

The Sliced Porosity Block's central proposal invigorates the landscape of social platforms in the city, and has become a much-visited venue by Chengdu's patrons and visitors alike.□ (Text of Entrance is written by Roberto Bannura, Director,Steven Holl Architects)

11 廣場與商店入口面對著遠處的人民南路與天府廣場/Plaza and retail entrance, facing Ren Min Nan Lu and Tianfu Square beyond

12 穿過太陽光板的城市通透體/Urban porosity through sun slices

13 穿過太陽光板的城市通透體/Urban porosity through sun slices

14 首層平面/Ground fl oor plan

15 二層平面/1th fl oor plan

16 三層平面/2nd fl oor plan

17 四層平面/3rd fl oor plan

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 凱德集團/CapitaLand China

主創建筑師/Design Architects: Steven Holl, LI Hu

項目總負責人/Director in Charge: Roberto Bannura

項目建筑師/Project Architects: WU Lan (Beijing); Haiko Cornelissen, Peter Englaender, Jong Seo Lee (New York)

項目設計師/Project Designers: Christiane Deptolla, Inge Goudsmit, Jackie Luk, Maki Matsubayashi, Sarah Nichols,Manta Weihermann, Martin Zimmerli

項目團隊/Project Team: Justin Allen, Jason Anderson,Francesco Bartolozzi, CAO Guanlan, Yimei Chan,Sofie Holm Christensen, Esin Erez, Ayat Fadaifard, FU Mingcheng, Forrest Fulton, Runar Halldorsson, M.Emran Hossain, Joseph Kan, LI Suping, Tz-Li Lin, LIU Yan, Daijiro Nakayama, Pietro Peyron, Roberto Requejo, Elena Rojas-Danielsen, Michael Rusch, Ida Sze, Filipe Taboada, Ebbie Wisecarver, Human Tieliu Wu, Jin-Ling Yu

合作建筑師/Associate Architects: 中國建筑科學研究院/China Academy of Building Research (XUE Ming, WANG Zhenming,LU Yan)

機電與防火工程/Mep and Fire Engineer: Ove Arup & Partners LEED顧問/LEED Consultant: Ove Arup & Partners

可持續概念顧問/Sustainability Concept Consultant: Transsolar結構工程/Structural Engineer: 中國建筑科學研究院/China Academy of Building Research

照明顧問/Lighting Consultant: L'Observatoire International工程造價/Quantity Surveyor: Davis Langdon

交通顧問/Traきc Consultant: MVA Hong Kong Ltd

功能/Program: 5座辦公塔樓、服務型公寓、商鋪、旅館、咖啡廳、餐廳，以及大型城市公共廣場/Five towers with offices, serviced apartments, retail, a hotel, cafes,restaurants, and large urban public plaza

基地面積/Site Area: 32,571m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 地上/Above: 195,000m2; 地下/Below:115,000m2

施工時間/Construction Period: 2008.10-2012.11

攝影/Photos: Iwan Baan, HE Shu, Steven Holl Architcts

評論

張路峰：這一組看上去有點眼花繚亂的商業項目其實可以理解為一個簡單的空間原型：一個倒置的“桌子”。“桌腿”部分是高層塔樓，相鄰塔樓之間的玻璃幕墻使得相互之間有了關聯，仿佛是一個被切開的環形整體，加強了場地中間的圍合感。“桌面”部分是一個三層的臺地空間，街道層的商業人流可以通過自動扶梯逐級攀登到各個平臺，形成立體商業廣場。多級入口層的處理手法將商業街道引入街區內部，增加了開設臨街店面的機會，提升了用地的價值。在寸土寸金的商業中心區，這種空間原型對于高密度、高品質商業開發具有普遍意義。

范路：在成都來福士項目中，高層的建筑體塊，圍合出巨大的中心公共廣場。這個多層的屋頂活動平臺有5個不同形態的主要入口，連通周邊的城市開放空間。從平面上看，這5個入口均以斜切的方式（4個均近乎45o角）穿過建筑形體。這既便利地引導了城市人流，更呼應了上部建筑的削切形體處理與斜撐結構元素。

18 水池里倒映出周圍景色，形成微氣候，同時其底部的巨大天窗還向商場低層空間提供流轉的自然光/Re fl ecting pond and sense of microclimate. Shimmering natural light is provided to lower fl oors of the mall through a large skylight at the bottom of the pond.

19 利布斯·伍茲設計的位于酒店塔樓中的光之館/Light pavilion by Lebbeus Woods in hotel tower space

Comments

ZHANG Lufeng: This group of dazzling commercial buildings can actually be interpreted as a simple spatial prototype: an upside down "table." The "table leg" part is represented by high-rise towers with glass curtain walls with relevance between adjacent towers, which present as a carved ring-shaped body that reinforces the enclosure of the spatial centre. While the "tabletop board" part is a three-tier platform, in which customers can reach each platform by elevator from street on the ground, hence forming a three-dimensional commercial plaza. Entrances of multi-tier structure may introduce commercial streets into the block, which increase the frontage commercial opportunities as well as enhancing the value of land. For the commercial centre of higher land cost, this space prototype has universal signi fi cance for high-density and high-quality commercial development.

FAN Lu: In the project of Capital Land Raffles City Chengdu, the group of high-rise buildings is located around a huge centre plaza. There are 5 main entrances to this multi-level rooftop platform, connecting it to the public urban space around. In ground fl oor plan, these 5 entrances cut through building blocks obliquely - 4 in about 45 angles. With this arrangement, people could access the public platform more conveniently. In form,those oblique entrances echo to the chamfered building volumes and diagonal bracing structural elements.

20 利布斯·伍茲設計的位于酒店塔樓中的光之館/Light pavilion by Lebbeus Woods in hotel tower space