上海國際汽車城科技創新港C地塊

建筑師： 周 蔚 + 張 斌 / 致正建筑工作室

主持建筑師：周 蔚、張 斌

項目建筑師：金燕琳（方案設計、擴初設計、施工圖設計）、蘇炯（方案設計）、李沁（施工圖設計）

設計團隊： 王佳琦、李佳、霍麗、楊敏、李姿娜、李曄、仇暢、夏彧、陸磊、黃偉立

合作設計： 上海建筑設計研究院有限公司

建設地點： 上海市嘉定區安亭鎮安研路、安拓路

建設單位： 上海國際汽車城發展有限公司

設計時間： 2010年1月-2013年3月

建造時間： 2013年7月-2016年6月

建筑面積： 36 839m2（地上），10 332m2（地下）

主要用途： 研發、辦公

攝 影 師：陳顥、胡義杰

項目概況

科技創新港位于上海西北郊的上海國際汽車城的核心區域，是一個定位于面向汽車產業未來智能化轉型升級的研發集聚園區和產業示范基地，總建筑面積逾20萬平方米。整個園區呈現為由南北景觀中軸串聯、20個小街坊（約50mX50m）均布的低層高密度空間規劃模式，并由國內五家建筑師事務所（維思平、致正、大舍、標準營造和劉宇揚）以集群設計的方式負責落地實施。整體方案幾經演化，最后確定為由十字雙軸（南北向的景觀綠化軸和東西向的公共服務軸）串聯四組研發組團，每組研發組團包含四個小街坊。

致正建筑工作室所承擔設計的C地塊位于整個園區的東北角。項目面臨的難題是無法對將來的入駐研發機構的空間需求做出清晰的界定，而是希望不同的建筑師團隊根據初步的設想通過對空間設計的探討來形成多樣而又富有彈性的空間模式。設計之初C地塊能夠確定的設計要求是：其中有一個街坊是十二套小型研發單元的集合（每單元300-500平米）；另三個街坊都是八套中型研發單元的集合（每單元800-1200平米）。

設計策略

面對新興產業空間的適應性要求和規劃確定的高密度開發模式，以及無特征性場地上的地域空間文化傳承語境，我們希望創造出有空間歸屬感和文化認同感的積極的辦公環境。我們的基本策略是引入不同的研發空間組合模式，并與多層次的立體庭院組織相耦合，為每一個作為研發集合體的街坊營造專屬于它的半公共空間的獨特氛圍，進而以多樣的方式來促進未來使用中的交流與共享。從虛實相生、步移景異的江南傳統宅園文化中獲得啟發，以庭院為核心組織空間，以提高空間的靈活性和積極性，并在高密度的咫尺天地中營造出江南園林文化所寄托的山水意趣，賦予產業創新空間以地域文化精神。由此形成的三種具有空間原型特征的街坊模式分別是針對小型研發單元組合的“層峰隱閣”，以及針對中型研發單元組合的“空中連院”和“雙聯圍院”。

層峰隱閣（C2）

C2街坊探討密集的小尺度研發單元在獲得各自獨立性的同時，如何鼓勵未來更有創意的使用方式，并始終將研發空間的開放性、交融性和景觀化作為基本述求。這一街坊包含12套小型研發辦公單元，我們希望用層疊的方式來組合，但要保證每套在底層有獨立的入口門廳。建筑整體被分為一、二層帶有庭院的基座和上部懸挑在不同核心筒上的五個透明盒子兩部分，其間的三層是全部架空、上下共享的屋頂花園。屋頂花園上設置了一系列凸起不同高度的小花園，它們成為上部懸浮單元和三層花園之間的景觀和游走過度。由于一、二層有較大面積的內部退臺庭院，這樣整個基座就成為了一座抽象意義上的可觀可游的山，外部邊界整齊，內部層巒疊嶂、峰回路轉；而上部的漂浮單元則成為群山之巔若隱若現的錯落樓閣。我們特意把三層上凸起的五個山峰般的小花園設想為一系列超大尺度的樹石山水盆景，以此來反轉建筑與山水意向之間的尺度差異。這一富有山水自然意境的研發集合體，除了作為12個獨立的研發單元來使用，也可以或者在水平方向上組合擴大單元使用，或者在垂直方向上分層擴大單元使用，甚至也鼓勵作為一個5000平米的研發整體來使用。上述的最大使用靈活性始終可以和我們營造的那個“咫尺山林”般的建筑中的花園相互動。

空中連院（C1、C4）

C1、C4這兩個街坊的設計述求一方面是希望在底層提供無柱的大跨高敞試制車間，另一方面是為上部的研發辦公空間提供一種可靈活組合的小尺度空間模式。我們的基本思路是先把體量分為密集均布的四條，每條的底層都是兩端開門的長條試制車間。條狀體量之間的空隙是可穿行的綠化巷道，并為上部的研發空間提供采光與通風。上部的研發空間借鑒江南傳統院宅的布局模式，在四路四進的格局中形成橫向和縱向可以靈活組合的庭院辦公環境。這種組合方式在今后可以應對不同規模的使用要求，并維持庭院式的空間特質。

雙聯圍院（C3）

C3街坊的設計述求是在確立每個研發單元的獨立性的同時，為將來使用中的再組合提供多樣的靈活性，并保持室內外空間的充分互動。每個單元底層的試制車間鼓勵展示、交流等使用的兼容性。街坊由四組雙聯研發樓呈風車狀圍合而成，中間是一個街坊共享的可穿行公共庭院。每組雙聯研發樓底層都有每個單元的試制車間各自專屬的庭院空間，上部的研發辦公部分每層都有錯落的露臺或雙層大開口的陽臺空間，而且可以兩兩單元在不同樓層、不同方向連成一體。

構造系統

在建筑外觀上所有研發組團都選擇了灰白色涂料作為整體背景，以保持差異中足夠的一致性。C地塊不同街坊的差異也很大，我們選擇在白色涂料的高低錯落、凹凸呼應的體量背景上以大小不等、自由分布的窗洞來統一不同街坊的形態差異，在高密度的環境中形成一種輕松愉悅的外部氛圍。不同街坊都有分布的大尺度陽臺在立面上提供了有進深的、甚至是穿透體量的開口，加強了建筑內外的勾連體驗，并在不同高度創造了有公共氛圍的活動空間。不同體量之間的空中連接體采用玻璃幕墻外加穿孔鋁板的雙層構造形成半透明的體量。C2街坊的一系列懸浮玻璃盒子營造了頂端的輕盈與開放，強化了建筑與景觀的互動，透明表面背后隱約透出桁架桿件既參與了空間與形式的建構，又保持了大尺度懸挑結構的可讀性。

本項目從設計到建成所跨越的這六、七年正是中國汽車產業完成傳統制造規模的高峰期、面對新能源、智能、網聯、體驗等產業轉型挑戰的關鍵時期。可喜的是，隨著越來越多的代表性研發企業的入駐，園區的空間與環境契合了這些研發企業的需求，街區式的開放結構和景觀化的公共空間開始營造出園區的社區認同感，差異化、有彈性的研發單元組合促進了創造性的空間使用，讓創新港有能力承載未來汽車產業進一步升級與轉型。

Project Overview

Auto Innovation Park is located in the core area of Shanghai International Automobile City (northwest suburb, Shanghai), which is the research and development hub and industrial model base for automotive industry’s future intelligent transformation and upgrade, with overall fl oorage of more than 200,000 m2.The whole Park is presented as a low-rise high-density spatial planning with north-south landscape axis series and 20 small blocks (about 50mX50m). It will be in the form of group design composed by fi ve Chinese architect oきces (WSP, Atelier Z +, Deshaus, Standard Architecture and ALYA) for landing implementation. Upon the several evolutions, the overall project was fi nally determined by the four R&D groups which de fi ned by cross biaxial series (landscape green axis in north-south and the public service axis in east-west), and each group includes four small blocks.

The Plot C designed by Atelier Z+ is located in the northeast corner of the entire park. The challenge faced by the project is: there isn’t a clear de fi nition on space requirements from the R&D institutions to be settled, but rather that diあerent architect groups are hoped to create a diverse and fl exible spatial model based on their preliminary spatial design. Design requirements of Plot C which are able to be determined in the early days are: one block of twelve small R&D units (each measuring 300-500 m2);and other three blocks each containing eight medium-sized R&D units (each measuring 800-1200 m2).

Design Strategies

Facing adaptability requirements of emerging industry space and high-density development model determined by the plan, as well as the context of the regional spatial cultural heritage on the noncharacteristic sites, we hope to create a positive oきce environment with a spatial sense of belonging and cultural identity. Our basic strategy is to introduce a diあerent R&D space combination model and be coupled with a multi-level three-dimensional courtyard organization to create a unique semi-public space for every entity settled in the block and then to promote exchange and sharing for future use in a variety of ways. Getting inspiration from the traditional garden culture of virtual-real complementation and varying sceneries with changing view-points, we regard the courtyard as the core organization space to improve the spatial fl exibility and enthusiasm, and to create the landscape charm of garden culture on Yangtze Delta in such high density place, providing the industrial innovation space with spirit of regional culture. The three kinds of blocks with spatial prototyping are the "Wrinkled Peaks and

Hidden Attics" for small R&D units, the "Elevated Courtyards" and the "Enclosure Courtyards with Duplex Units” for medium R&D units.

Wrinkled Peaks and Hidden Attics (C2)

For block C2, we tried to explore the small R&D units in their own independence, discussed on how to encourage a more creative future use and always regard the openness, integration and landscaping as a basic requirement. This block contains 12 small R&D oきce units, so we decided to combine them in cascading way and ensure that there is a independent entrance on each ground floor. The whole building is divided into two parts, a perforated pedestal with courtyards on fi rst and second fl oor and five transparent boxes suspended on different core tubes in the upper fourth floor, in which the third fl oor are all overhead, up and down sharing roof garden. The roof garden is provided with a series of small gardens with diあerent heights, they become the landscape and path transition between the upper suspension unit and the garden on the third fl oor. As the fi rst and second fl oor have a large area of the internal setback courtyards, the entire pedestal has become a mountain in the abstract sense, in which we can view and also we can stroll. It's outer boundary is neat and the inside peaks is rising one after another with winding paths, while the upper part of the fl oating unit has become the looming scattered pavilion at the top of the peaks. We deliberately conceive the fi ve-peak-like small gardens which are raised on the third fl oor as a series of large-scale potted tree-stone landscape, in order to reverse the discrepancy in scale between architectural and scenic images. These R&D combinations with artistic conception of natural scenery can be used as 12 independent R&D units as well as the expansion unit in the horizontal or vertical direction. They are even encouraged to be used as a whole R&D zone of 5,000 m2. The above-mentioned maximum fl exibility can always be used to interact with our garden created in this “very small scale mountain”.

Elevated Courtyards(C1/C4)

The design of block C1 and C4 is aim to provide large-span and high-open trial workshop without column on the ground fl oor and to provide a small-scale space model with fl exible combination for the upper part of the R&D oきce space. Our basic idea is to divide the volume into four densely distributed strips, each of which is the long strip trial workshop with doors at both sides. The gap between the strips is the green roadway where people can walk through, and they provide lighting and ventilation for the upper R&D space. The upper R&D space refers to the traditional on Yangtze Delta courtyard house layout, forming the courtyard oきce space which can be fl exibly combined both in transverse and longitudinal direction.This kind of combination is well prepared for multiple future use and maintaining the courtyard-style space particularity.

Enclosure Courtyards with Duplex Units (C3)

The block C3 is designed to establish the independence of each R&D unit, providing a variety of fl exibility on re-combination in future use, and maintaining sufficient indoor and outdoor spatial interaction.Functional activities like display, communication are encouraged in each trial workshop on ground fl oor.The windmill shaped block is made up of four groups of duplex R&D buildings, in the middle of which there is a public courtyard where people can walk through. On the ground fl oor of each duplex building,each trial workshop enjoys an exclusive courtyard, while the upper R&D oきces have scattered terraces or balconies with double-storey height large opening. Every two units can be connected on the diあerent fl oors and in diあerent directions.

Architectonic System

All R&D groups have chosen grey white painting as a whole background color to keep enough consistency of architectural appearance. Since the blocks of Plot C are very diあerent from each other, we unify morphological diあerence by setting diあerent size and freely distributed windows in this scattered and organized concave-convex white volume background. We create relaxed and pleasant external atmosphere in such a high-density environment. The large-scale balconies in each block have provided the facade with deep, even volume-penetrating opening. The indoor and outdoor connecting experience is strengthened and public activity realm is created at diあerent heights. The air connectors between diあerent building volumes are constructed with glass curtain wall and doublelayer perforated aluminum plate, which makes the volume translucent and fuzzy. In block C2, a light graceful and opening top is created by a series of suspended glass boxes. So the interaction between the building and landscape is intensified. The hidden trusses behind the transparent surface are not only involved in spatial and form construction, but also have maintained the legibility of large-scale cantilever structure.

The six or seven years elapsed from the design to the completion of this project happened to be the peak time and crucial period of China's automobile industry, which is turning to complete its traditional production scale, face the challenges brought by new energy industry, artificial intelligence, mobile internet and customer experience. It is gratifying that as the number of representative R&D enterprises are settled, the park space and environment have fi tted their needs. The block open structure and the landscaping public space began to create a park community identity; different and flexible R&D unit combinations have facilitated creative spatial use; Auto Innovation Park is able to survive the future automobile industry upgrade and transformation.