義烏有群愛(ài)讀詩(shī)的外國(guó)人

郎擎宇+沈立

春眠不覺(jué)曉，處處聞啼鳥(niǎo)。夜來(lái)風(fēng)雨聲，花落知多少。這首中國(guó)人耳熟能詳?shù)墓旁?shī)《春曉》何以被100多個(gè)國(guó)家的外國(guó)人，用漢語(yǔ)與數(shù)十種外國(guó)語(yǔ)言反復(fù)演繹？當(dāng)外國(guó)友人遇上中國(guó)古詩(shī)又會(huì)擦出怎樣的火花？

英語(yǔ)、西班牙語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)、韓語(yǔ)、阿拉伯語(yǔ)、俄羅斯語(yǔ)……春節(jié)來(lái)臨之際，浙江新聞客戶端金華頻道每晚10點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)時(shí)推送《晚安金華·“萬(wàn)國(guó)迎春”》系列，每期邀請(qǐng)5位外國(guó)人用母語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)朗讀孟浩然的古詩(shī)《春曉》。節(jié)目在朋友圈廣泛轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)后，人們除了感慨中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化不分國(guó)界的魅力，不少人也對(duì)這群鐘情于中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)詩(shī)詞的老外感到欽佩。

萬(wàn)國(guó)迎春到 古詩(shī)也“吸粉”

去年12月21日，以“中外文明交流互鑒”為主題的義烏萬(wàn)國(guó)系列文化活動(dòng)巡禮暨頒獎(jiǎng)儀式在義烏廣電大樓舉行。來(lái)自伊朗、也門、俄羅斯等十幾個(gè)國(guó)家的50名外國(guó)友人從線上走到線下，齊聲朗誦中國(guó)古詩(shī)《春曉》，表達(dá)對(duì)新年的期待和對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的熱愛(ài)。

現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，10位外商代表獲義烏萬(wàn)國(guó)系列文化活動(dòng)“傳播使者”獎(jiǎng)、6位義烏工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院老師獲義烏萬(wàn)國(guó)系列文化活動(dòng)“優(yōu)秀指導(dǎo)老師”獎(jiǎng)。

敘利亞小伙曼吉達(dá)來(lái)義烏經(jīng)商已有數(shù)年，平時(shí)喜歡穿中山裝、布鞋，讀古詩(shī)詞，頗有中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)儒商風(fēng)范。在周圍人看來(lái)，曼吉達(dá)對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的理解比一些本地人還要深刻。聽(tīng)說(shuō)“萬(wàn)國(guó)迎春”詩(shī)歌朗誦活動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行，曼吉達(dá)第一時(shí)間就報(bào)了名?！笆煜さ牡胤?jīng)]有風(fēng)景?！痹诼_(dá)看來(lái)，自己就是最好的例子，“中文+母語(yǔ)”、“線上+線下”，讓更多人體會(huì)到了中國(guó)古詩(shī)詞的魅力。

作為一項(xiàng)由中共義烏市委宣傳部、浙報(bào)集團(tuán)金華分社等單位策劃推出的活動(dòng)，“萬(wàn)國(guó)迎春”活動(dòng)吸引了百余位外國(guó)友人前來(lái)參加，其中有商人、留學(xué)生，也有跟隨丈夫來(lái)到中國(guó)生活的全職太太。雖然普通話不一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、翻譯的水平也不甚純熟，但能感受到每一位參與者都極力希望通過(guò)自己的聲音表達(dá)對(duì)春的期盼、對(duì)中國(guó)文化的熱愛(ài)。不少外國(guó)友人還主動(dòng)介紹身邊的朋友前來(lái)讀詩(shī)、將節(jié)目轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給遠(yuǎn)在祖國(guó)的親朋好友，使中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化隨著“朗朗讀詩(shī)聲”傳到全世界。

錫瓦來(lái)自伊朗，跟隨丈夫來(lái)義烏經(jīng)商已有數(shù)年，目前是全職太太。她有空便會(huì)到義烏工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院師生在社區(qū)舉辦的免費(fèi)漢語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)班學(xué)習(xí)。

錄音當(dāng)天，她帶著丈夫和兒子一家三口，穿著正裝來(lái)到義烏工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院，“一想到中國(guó)古詩(shī)將通過(guò)波斯語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)在中伊兩國(guó)間傳播，我就充滿了自豪感?！迸c大部分外國(guó)人不同，她選擇將兒子送到義烏本地學(xué)校就讀，而非外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校，“就是為了讓下一代融入中國(guó)生活，更好地學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)文化?！卞a瓦這樣解釋。

同吟一首詩(shī) 搭起文化橋

如今的義烏國(guó)際化程度已經(jīng)相當(dāng)高，有來(lái)自100多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的1.3萬(wàn)境外客商在這里生活工作。實(shí)際上，除了無(wú)限的商機(jī)，將老外留在義烏的還有這兒深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)，這座城市已逐漸形成多元文化融合發(fā)展格局。

早在2016年的年末，來(lái)自100多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的300多名國(guó)際友人就在義烏“萬(wàn)國(guó)詠鵝”活動(dòng)中當(dāng)起文化使者，共同誦讀古詩(shī)《詠鵝》。

“鵝鵝鵝，曲項(xiàng)向天歌，白毛浮綠水，紅掌撥清波?！薄对侚Z》的作者駱賓王就出生在義烏，他7歲時(shí)在村口池塘邊即興創(chuàng)作的這首作品流傳了千年，因其韻律簡(jiǎn)潔、朗朗上口，成為家喻戶曉、人人吟誦的佳作。而駱賓王本人也因文學(xué)才華和人品氣節(jié)，一直為后人所敬仰，成為義烏的文化象征。

時(shí)至今日，義烏人依舊用“賓王”命名公園、道路、市場(chǎng)以紀(jì)念這位詩(shī)人。伴隨著“鵝鵝鵝”的韻律，這些在義烏工作生活的外國(guó)人也第一次觸摸到了這座城市的文化脈搏。

活動(dòng)主辦方表示，希望通過(guò)“同吟一首詩(shī)”增強(qiáng)新老義烏人的歸屬感和認(rèn)同感，同時(shí)也希望以更加開(kāi)放的視野、更加寬闊的胸懷，來(lái)推廣傳承義烏的商貿(mào)文化、歷史文化。

“床前明月光，疑是地上霜。舉頭望明月，低頭思故鄉(xiāng)?！比ツ?0月4日，中秋佳節(jié)，在義烏市義亭鎮(zhèn)缸窯古村千年龍窯旁，來(lái)自比利時(shí)、俄羅斯、喀麥隆等15個(gè)國(guó)家的33名義烏工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院留學(xué)生再次聚在一起，齊聲吟誦中國(guó)古詩(shī)《靜夜思》。

這回，中央電視臺(tái)1套綜合頻道和中央電視臺(tái)4套中文國(guó)際頻道帶著《傳奇中國(guó)節(jié)·中秋》欄目組走進(jìn)缸窯村，并用8分多鐘的時(shí)間對(duì)這群外國(guó)人的表演進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。

活動(dòng)的組織者之一，義烏工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院副教授、涉外人員服務(wù)中心負(fù)責(zé)人冉曉麗說(shuō)：在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)，吟誦著當(dāng)?shù)氐墓旁?shī)，想著家里人此時(shí)此刻正在做什么，使這群“異鄉(xiāng)客”對(duì)《靜夜思》有了更深刻的理解，一些人甚至在翻譯這首詩(shī)時(shí)加入了本民族的文化元素，融入了自己獨(dú)特的情感。

“一首詩(shī)歌將兩種文化相連?！?9歲的危地馬拉小伙拉說(shuō)，中國(guó)文化底蘊(yùn)深厚，自己要好好學(xué)習(xí)，了解更多優(yōu)秀的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，以便回國(guó)后更好地參與家鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)。

On December 21， 2017， Yiwu， the worlds largest small commodity marketplace in central Zhejiang， conducted a cultural exchange program. A ceremony was held in front of the Television and Radio Tower. Over 50 members from the local international community stepped forward and cited ， a four-line poem by Meng Haoran （689-740）， a poet of the Tang Dynasty （618-907）.endprint

Spring Morning

By Meng Haoran

（Translated by Xu Yuanchong）

This spring morning in bed Im lying，

Not to awake till birds are crying.

After one night of wind and showers，

How many are the fallen flowers？

It is one of the most popular ancient poems of China. The short piece is easy to commit to memory. And it is beautiful. It also sounds beautiful in different languages.

That is why Jinhua Channel of Zhejiang News App chose this poem to launch a program in celebration of the upcoming Spring Festival. As part of the program， in each issue， five members from the international community of Yiwu read a Chinese poem in both Chinese and their respective mother tongues.

This poetry reading is sponsored by the local government and Jinhua Branch of Zhejiang Daily Press Group. More than 100 members from the international community signed up to read the poem bilingually.

Among those internationals who read the poem， some are students， some are business people， and some are housewives who followed their husbands to Yiwu. Though their Putonghua is by no means perfect and their translations of the classic poem in their mother tongues are by no means perfect， one can hear their effort to understand the Chinese poem and their support for cultural exchanges and their desire for listeners to understand the beauty of their mother tongues.

A boom town of international trade， Yiwu now boasts a lively international community including 13，000 business people from over 100 countries and territories. They have brought their cultures over to Yiwu and put down their roots in the market city. Meanwhile， Yiwu， a city of history and culture， has embraced the international community. Now， Yiwu is a city of multiple cultures.

Poetry reading has been a regular cultural event that unites local Chinese and the international community.

Toward the end of 2016， over 300 members from the international community of Yiwu got together and recited ， another famous ancient Chinese poem. It was written by Luo Binwang （640-684）， a native of Yiwu and poet of the Tang Dynasty. Luo wrote the poem at the age of seven. It is probably the most famous nursery rhyme in China. Almost every toddler in China begins their learning of Chinese poetry with this rhyme.

O Geese

by Luo Binwang

（Translated by Xu Yuanchong）endprint

O geese， O geese， O geese！

You crane your neck and sing to sky your song sweet.

Your white feathers float on green water with ease.

You swim through clear waters with your red-webbed feet.

Luo Binwang is widely remembered for his famous essay and poetry and for his integrity and courage. Quite a few places including a park and a street and a marketplace in Yiwu are named after the poet.

On October 4， 2017， thirty-three international students from Yiwu Industrial & Commercial College gathered by a 1，000-year-old kiln in Gangyao Village， Yiwu and recited by Li Bai （701-762）， presumably the greatest poet of the Tang Dynasty. They were there in celebration of the Moon Festival.

A Tranquil Night

By Li Bai， translated by Xu Yuanchong

Abed， I see a silver light.

I wonder if its frost aground.

Looking up， I find the moon bright;

Bowing， in homesickness， Im drowned.

Their reciting was live broadcast on CCTV Channel One and Channel Four for eight minutes. The international students recited the poem in both Chinese and in their mother tongues.

“They were away from home. They were in a foreign country. Reading a poem of the foreign country， they were able to think of their family members far away and to project themselves in the poem. Some even added something from their cultures into the translation of the poem，” explained Ran Xiaoli， an associate professor with Yiwu Industrial & Commercial College and director of the service center for the international community of Yiwu.endprint