尋根究底齊探究 巧用動(dòng)詞ing

蘭州市教育科學(xué)研究所田黎供稿

動(dòng)詞的ing形式運(yùn)用廣泛，但有時(shí)也會(huì)讓你感到困惑。作主語(yǔ)、作賓語(yǔ)、作定語(yǔ)、作狀語(yǔ)、作表語(yǔ)……乍一看去，讓人望而生畏，但只要用心體會(huì)、尋根究底、活學(xué)活用，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它讓英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言變得更加生動(dòng)。讓我們一起來(lái)感受它的奧妙和規(guī)律，巧用動(dòng)詞ing！

一、重溫課本，用心感悟

我們的英語(yǔ)課本中有很多動(dòng)詞ing的用法，一起重溫這些句子，想想動(dòng)詞ing在句中的作用吧！

Tips:

◆動(dòng)詞ing作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常被當(dāng)作不可數(shù)名詞使用。

◆其后接動(dòng)詞ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：practice、mind、miss、avoid、finish、keep、consider、suggest、admit、have fun、enjoy等。

◆常見(jiàn)的其他使用動(dòng)詞ing的固定搭配有：be busy doing…、have difficult/problem/trouble(in) doing、spend…(in) doing…、can’t help doing…、prefer doing…to doing…

◆動(dòng)詞其后既可接不定式，又可接動(dòng)詞ing，但意思不同的有：stop、remember、forget、try、go on等。

1. Smiling is a universal language.（冀教，Book 5，P.136）

作主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于名詞

2. I practised playing basketball for hours.（蘇教，Book 5，P.54）

作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于名詞

3. I study for a test by working with a group.（人教，Book 5，P.1）

作介詞賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于名詞

4. In Ghana English is used as a working language.（外研社，Book 5，P.51）

作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于形容詞

5. When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me.（人教，Book 5，P. 51）

作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于形容詞

6. I am watching TV.（人教，Book 2，P.31）

和“am”一起構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)（be＋Ving）構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)

7. There will be many exciting things waiting for you.（人教，Book 5，P. 110）

表示伴隨、正在發(fā)生，作狀語(yǔ)

8. No swimming.（外研社，Book 6，P.30）

No＋動(dòng)詞ing；表示“禁止做某事”

9. Did you go shopping?（人教，Book 3，P.3）

go＋動(dòng)詞ing；可以表示“去做某事”

10. While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team.（蘇教，Book 5，P.50）

when/while＋動(dòng)詞ing；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略

11. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.（人教，Book 5，P.46）

在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中： 作介詞賓語(yǔ)

with＋賓語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞ing，

表示主動(dòng)、伴隨。

二、走進(jìn)考題，尋根究底

2017年的各地中考試題對(duì)動(dòng)詞ing的考查形式多樣，讓我們一起探索這些考查點(diǎn)的設(shè)計(jì)和應(yīng)答思路吧！

1. The workers are busy ________ windows to the new building these days.（上海市，40小題）

A. fix B. fixed C. fixing D. to fix

［答案與解析］C 考查be busy doing sth.這個(gè)固定用法，表示“忙于做某事”。

2. Look! The boys are k______（踢）the ball around in the yard.（安徽省，93小題）

［答案與解析］kicking 考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成（am/is/are+動(dòng)詞ing）。

3. People in ancient times believed that the plant named dogwood could drive away evil spirits and prevent them from _______（catch）an illness in winter.（福建省，90小題）

［答案與解析］catching 考查介詞賓語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞時(shí)用其ing形式。

4. My father has fun ________（talk）with old people.（山東省濰坊市，第五大題，6小題）

［答案與解析］talking 考查have fun doing sth.這個(gè)固定用法，表示“樂(lè)于做某事”。

5. —I called you this morning, but nobody answered.

—I ________ flowers in my garden at that time.（青海省西寧市， 25小題）

A. watered B. was watering C. water D. am watering

［答案與解析］B 考查時(shí)態(tài)判斷，根據(jù)句意可知，此句中at that time指“早上我給你打電話的時(shí)候”，為過(guò)去具體的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，句中應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)（was/were+動(dòng)詞ing）。

6. …Without ________（think）more, the dad and his daughter will often get out of their car and pick the rubbish up along their rubbish collecting trip.（湖北省襄陽(yáng)市，80小題）

［答案與解析］thinking 考查without的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)表伴隨，think與其邏輯主語(yǔ)the dad and his daughter的關(guān)系為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用動(dòng)詞ing形式。

三、活學(xué)活用，舉一反三

同學(xué)們，我們現(xiàn)在一起來(lái)挑戰(zhàn)一下自己，請(qǐng)用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式補(bǔ)全短文。

Thomas had never read much in his life and knew he was weak in _______ (read), so he practiced _______ (read) as much as he could. He hated _______ (write) in English too. As his grammar was quite weak, he can’t avoid _______ (make) grammar mistakes in his _______(write). He also planned to make himself busy _______ (write) as many essays as possible. As it turned out, Thomas actually really enjoyed _______ (study). He kept up his _______(study) for a number of months. Then came the time for Thomas to take the test. He couldn’t help _______(worry) before the test. Luckily, his teacher gave him some tips for ________ (take) tests. ______(think) of what the teacher told him, Thomas finished ______ (write) all his tasks after exactly 1 hour. Then came the time for his result. It’s not ________ (surprise) that he had been given a band 6, which showed he could now go and study abroad.