How to Express Your Views

⊙ From 12 Angry Men

聽(tīng)力指南針

這段音頻選自上世紀(jì)50年代的美國(guó)經(jīng)典影片《十二怒漢》（12 Angry Men）。在選段中，12名陪審團(tuán)成員就弒父案的細(xì)節(jié)展開(kāi)討論。以8號(hào)陪審員（#8）為首的一方對(duì)證詞的細(xì)節(jié)和可信度提出疑問(wèn)。討論從一開(kāi)始的彬彬有禮到后面的針?shù)h相對(duì)，逐步升級(jí)，最后有人成功被說(shuō)服，改變了自己的態(tài)度。

選段中每個(gè)人的情緒、態(tài)度不同，用詞、語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)各異，語(yǔ)速適中，是學(xué)習(xí)如何陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)，表明自己態(tài)度（肯定、猶豫、懷疑、否定等）的范例。建議大家反復(fù)細(xì)聽(tīng)，要特別注意各人語(yǔ)氣的變化，并挑選合適的句子進(jìn)行模仿。

#8: Nine of us now seem to feel that the defendant is innocent.We nine can’t understand how you three are still so sure. Maybe you can tell us.

#4: I’ll try. ①You’ve made some excellent points, but I still believe the boy is guilty of murder. And I have two reasons. One: The evidence given by the woman across the street, who actually saw the murder committed[犯下的].

And two: The fact that she described the stabbing by saying she saw the boy raise his arm over his head and stab down into the father’s chest. She saw him do it.

#3: ②That’s absolutely right.

① 提出自己的看法前先肯定對(duì)方的某些觀點(diǎn)，表明自己并非無(wú)理取鬧。

② 以不容置疑的句式（that’s…）、詞語(yǔ)（absolutely、whole）及語(yǔ)氣表明自己的看法。

推薦背誦

#4: Let’s talk about this woman for a moment. She said she went to bed about 11 o’clock that night. Her bed was next to the window, and she could look out while lying down and see directly into the boy’s room across the street. She tossed and turned[輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)]for over an hour, unable to sleep. Finally, she turned toward the window at about 10 minutes after 12, and as she looked out, she saw the killing. She said the lights went out immediately after the killing, but that she got a good look at the boy in the act of stabbing his father. As far as I can see it, this is unshakeable[無(wú)法改變的]testimony[證詞].

背誦理由

本段是對(duì)女證人證詞的復(fù)述。復(fù)述按事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間順序進(jìn)行，并在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤郊由辖忉尅Ｊ虑椴⒉粡?fù)雜，詞匯、句子、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，整個(gè)敘述條理清晰。盡管復(fù)述者力求客觀，但仍不可避免地通過(guò)重讀和停頓，在某些地方（directly、good look）表明自己的傾向，即段尾的結(jié)論。建議大家反復(fù)跟讀，把整段背誦下來(lái)。

#3: ②Well, that’s the whole case.

#4: What do you think? How about you?

#12: ③I mean, I don’t know. So much evidence to sift[篩分]. This is a pretty complicated business.

#4: ④Frankly[直率地], I don’t see how you can vote for acquittal[宣告無(wú)罪].#12: ③It’s not so easy to arrange all the evidence in order, and…

#9:（To #4）Don’t you feel well?

#4: I feel perfectly well, thank you.

#9: Eh, the reason I asked that was because you rub your nose.You made a gesture that reminded me of something. I’m sure you’ll pardon me for this, but I was wondering why you rub your nose like that.

③ 猶豫并帶有推卸責(zé)任的意思，用so much evidence、pretty complicated和not so easy作為借口；注意遲疑的語(yǔ)氣。

④I don’t know/see how/why…是用以表明不解的常用句式。

#3: ⑤Oh. Come on, will you?

#9: ⑥At this point I happen to be talking to the gentleman sitting next to you. Now, why were you rubbing your nose like that?

#4: Well, ⑦if it’s any of your business, I was rubbing it because it bothers me a little.

#9: Oh, I’m sorry. Is it...is it because of your eyeglasses?

#4: It is. ⑧Now could we get on to something else?

#9: Your eyeglasses made those two deep impressions on the sides of your nose. I hadn’t noticed that before. That must be annoying.

#4: It is very annoying.

#9: I wouldn’t know about that. I’ve never worn eyeglasses. 20/20.

#7: Listen, will you come on already with the optometrist bit?

#9: The woman who testified that she saw the killing had those same marks on the sides of her nose.

Others: Holy smokes[哎呀]! You know, he’s right.

#9: Please. Just give me a minute and I’ll be finished. I don’t know if anyone else noticed that about her. I didn’t think of it then, but I’ve been going over her face in my mind. She had those same marks.She kept rubbing them in court.

#5: He’s right. She did do that a lot.

#9: This woman was about 45 years old. She was making a

tremendous[極大的]effort to look 35. For her first public appearance.Heavy make-up. Dyed hair. Brand-new clothes that should have been worn by a younger woman. No glasses. Well, women do that.See if you can get the mental picture of her.

#3: What do you mean no glasses? How do you know whether she wore glasses? Just ’cos she was rubbin’ her nose?

#5: Now, she had those marks. I saw ’em.

#3: So what? What do you think that means?

#6: Listen, I’m getting’ so sick of your yellin’...

#5: Come on. Forget it.

#1: Hey, listen. Listen, he’s…h(huán)e’s right. I saw them too. I was the closest one to her. She had these…these things on the side of her nose. What do you call those, on the side there?

#3: Well, what point are you makin’ here? She had dyed hair, marks on her nose. Well, what does that mean?

#9: ⑨Could those marks be made by anything other than eyeglasses?

#4: No. They couldn’t.

#3: I didn’t see any marks!

#4: I did. Strange, but I didn’t think about it before.

⑤Oh、come on和will you，表示不耐煩的三個(gè)表達(dá)方式重疊使用，加上語(yǔ)氣，表明說(shuō)話者極其不耐煩。

⑥ 表達(dá)式happen to多用來(lái)表示偶然發(fā)生的事，在這里，說(shuō)話者用它引出下面的talking to the gentleman sitting next to you，提醒對(duì)方注意這個(gè)事實(shí)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。

⑦none of your business的婉轉(zhuǎn)表達(dá)方式，既可避免直接沖突，也表明了自己的不滿。

⑧盡管用了禮貌詞could，但語(yǔ)氣比⑦更不耐煩，不滿情緒更強(qiáng)烈。

⑨ 用could表明說(shuō)話者虛心請(qǐng)教的態(tài)度，讓對(duì)方難以拒絕回答。

#3: Well, what about the lawyer? Why didn’t he say something?

#8: There are 12 people in here concentrating on this case. Eleven of us didn’t think of it either.

#3: Well, what about the district attorney[地方檢察官]? You think he’d pull a trick like that? Have her testify without her glasses?

#8: Did you ever see a woman who had to wear glasses and didn’t want to because she thinks they spoil her looks?

#3: OK. She had marks on her nose. ⑩I’m givin’ you that. From glasses, right? She didn’t wanna wear ’em out of the house so people’d think she’s gorgeous. But when she saw this kid killin’ his father, she was in the house alone. That’s all.

#8: Do you wear glasses when you go to bed?

#4: No. I don’t. No one wears eyeglasses to bed.

#8: It’s logical to assume that she wasn’t wearing them when she was in bed, tossing and turning and trying to fall asleep.

#3: How do you know?

#8: I don’t know. I’m guessing. I’m also guessing that she probably didn’t put her glasses on when she turned to look casually out of the window. And she herself testified the killing took place just as she looked out. The lights went off a split second[瞬間]later. She couldn’t have had time to put them on then.

#8: Here’s another guess. She honestly thought she saw the boy kill his father. I say she only saw a blur[模糊不清的事物].

#3: How do you know what she saw? How does he know all that?How do you know what kind of glasses she wore? Maybe they were sunglasses! Maybe she was far-sighted! What do you know about it?#8: I only know the woman’s eyesight is in question now.

#11: She had to be able to identify a person 60 feet away at night without glasses.

#2: You can’t send someone off to die on evidence like that.

#8: Don’t you think the woman might have made a mistake??

#3: No.

#8: It’s not possible?

#3: No, it’s not possible.

#8: Is it possible?

#12: Not guilty.

#8: Do you think he’s guilty?

#10: I think he’s guilty.

#8: Do you?

#4: No. I’m convinced. Not guilty.

⑩表明承認(rèn)對(duì)方看法的句式。